Arrests, travel bans and house orders targeting magistrates, deputies and businessmen: the anti-corruption “purge” initiated by the president since his July coup has raised concerns and fears of a decline in freedoms in Tunisia.

Since this shock decision to suspend Parliament for a month and to dismiss Prime Minister Hichem Mechichi, President Kais Saied has still not appointed a new government or unveiled his "road map", demanded by several political parties and organizations of Civil society.

Personalities banned from travel

If Tunisia is the only country in the region to have persevered on the path of democratization after the "Arab Spring", the international community is now worried about a regression. Several politicians, businessmen, magistrates or deputies - whose immunity was lifted by Kais Saied - claim to have been banned from traveling at Tunis airport, or even to have been placed under house arrest without notice. "Freedom of movement is a constitutional right that I am committed to guaranteeing," President Saied said this week. “But some people will have to answer to justice before they can travel. "

Legal theorist, Kais Saied has presented himself since coming to power in 2019 as the ultimate interpreter of the Constitution, and relies on its article 80, which envisages exceptional measures in the event of "imminent danger" to national security, to justify the measures taken.

Opponents fear an "authoritarian drift"

But for Sana Ben Achour, professor of public law, certain measures are akin to a "coup". Kais Saied "has the power and, for him, he is the only one able to interpret the Constitution" and therefore holds all the powers, she recently told local media. Faced with these accusations, Kais Saied regularly repeats acting strictly "within the framework of the law" and of the Constitution adopted in 2014. Many Tunisians have enthusiastically welcomed Kais Saied's measures: exasperated by their political class, they expect strong acts against corruption and impunity in a country where the social, economic and health situation is very difficult.

But opponents, political parties, magistrates and lawyers who fear an “authoritarian drift” urge the president to present his strategy, while the exceptional measures are “renewable” after 30 days.

In a press release, 45 magistrates notably denounced "the horrific free and unprecedented attack on freedom of movement and travel" targeting some of their colleagues, "in the absence of any legal proceedings".

The office of the Qatari channel Al-Jazeera closed in Tunis

Ennahdha, the main parliamentary bloc and opponent of the president, also denounced the unjustified house arrest by the Interior Ministry of Anouar Maarouf, a former minister and one of the leaders of this Islamist-inspired movement. Le Courant Démocratique, a social democratic party which has repeatedly supported Kais Saied, claimed that one of its deputies was banned from traveling to France, where his family resides in mid-August. He denounced an “arbitrary measure (…) without judicial or administrative decision”.

According to the Tunisian NGO “I-Watch”, 14 deputies are being prosecuted or have recently been convicted of various crimes and offenses, in cases of tax fraud, fraud, suspicion of corruption, conflict of interest or even sexual harassment. also are in the viewfinder.

In the aftermath of the president's coup, police officers closed, without explanation, the office of the Qatari channel Al-Jazeera in Tunis, considered close to Ennahdha.

Kais Saied is expected to speak in the next few days

"Keeping away from power Ennahdha and his allies who have led the country to the dramatic situation it is experiencing, he should not, however, feel free (...) to give the coup de grace to the young democracy at the end of its rope", summed up Saturday on Facebook

Kamel Jendoubi, a former minister and human rights defender.

As the month-long parliamentary suspension soon comes to an end, Kais Saied is expected to speak in the coming days.

According to Sana Ben Achour, it is likely that he will prolong this suspension and decide on a new, temporary organization of the public authorities.

“So it won't be a 30-day story.

(…) It can last for years, ”she said.

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