New Paths for the Grassroots Governance of Megacities

Beijing is exploring the legislative reform of the "responsible for litigation" reform results to promote the transformation of the public service supply model from the government "serving food" to the mass "ordering food"-a 　　new path for the grassroots governance of megacities (in-depth reading) 　　Traffic jams, environmental remediation, property disputes...In a mega city like Beijing, these

　　new path for the grassroots governance of megacities (in-depth reading)

　　Traffic jams, environmental remediation, property disputes...In a mega city like Beijing, these people's livelihood difficulties and jams once plagued grassroots workers.

In recent years, Beijing has explored the establishment of a mechanism for party building to lead the “street and village whistle blowing and department reporting” mechanism, with immediate results.

　　The masses need a simple and direct grasp on whom to report to, who will do it, and what to do when they encounter troubles.

Beijing has integrated dozens of hotlines scattered in various departments into the "12345 Citizen Service Hotline."

A phone call, someone will take the initiative to contact and reply within a limited time.

　　From the reform of the “street-town whistle-blowing and departmental reporting” mechanism to the “12345 hotline” as the starting point to establish an immediate response mechanism, after several years of exploration, a new path for the grassroots governance of a megacity with the capital’s characteristics is taking shape.

On July 28 this year, the 32nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 15th Beijing Municipal People's Congress reviewed the "Regulations on Receiving Prosecutions in Beijing (Second Draft)", and these exploration practices will be consolidated through legislation.

　　Social governance is an important aspect of national governance.

The "14th Five-Year Plan" outline proposes to adhere to the leadership of party building, lower the focus, and empower science and technology, continuously improve the level of scientific, refined and intelligent urban governance, and promote the modernization of urban social governance.

Experts said that Beijing will legislate the reform of grassroots governance to make the reform path and direction more clear, and it will also be of reference significance for local governments to improve the modernization of grassroots governance.

　　Open the door to legislation, broadly build consensus

　　One morning the other day, the House of Representatives of the People's Congress in Chaowai Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing was very lively, with enthusiastic speeches accompanied by bursts of applause.

A forum for soliciting opinions on the "Regulations of Beijing Municipality on Receiving Prosecutions (Second Draft)" (hereinafter referred to as "Regulations") is currently underway. People’s Congress representatives, community residents, and grassroots staff are sitting together to promote the "Regulations" 》Complete suggestions.

　　"The immediate action mechanism is very fast." For the "12345 hotline", resident Ni Haiping repeatedly praised it.

He once found a kind of grass that was destructive to vegetation on the street, and hurriedly called the "12345 hotline".

Within two days, the grass was cleaned up by the staff.

Never thought that for a month, this kind of grass grew again, and he had to call the hotline again.

To this end, he suggested that the "Regulations" establish a sound mechanism for regular inspections by responsible departments.

　　“In the past, resolving residents’ demands was like'cutting leeks', one crop and one crop; now it is'pull up green onions' to uproot the problem." Zhang Yanqing, Secretary of Jixiangli Community, Chaowai Street, suggested that the Regulations further clarify the rights and responsibilities of the undertaker , To promote the extensive participation of enterprises, social groups and other social forces.

　　Such a forum for soliciting opinions is a microcosm of the further expansion of the "Regulations".

According to Cong Luoluo, chairman of the Social Construction Committee of the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, since the formulation of the "Regulations", 11,377 fourth-level deputies and 66,915 citizens have put forward more than 7,500 suggestions.

　　Why does Beijing open the door to legislation and enact such a regulation?

The first article of the "Regulations" clarifies the reason: in order to consolidate and deepen the party building to lead grassroots governance, standardize and optimize the immediate handling of complaints, respond to social demands in a timely manner, promote the reform of public service supply mode, and improve the level of service for the people.

　　The Regulations are divided into 5 chapters, including general provisions, appeals handling, active governance, safeguards and supervision, and supplementary provisions, and a total of 36 articles, leading the party building to the working mechanism of “street and rural whistle blowing, department reporting” and the 12345 citizen hotline as the main channel for mass appeals. The basic-level management mechanism such as litigation is raised to the legal level, and the rule of law guarantees the in-depth advancement of the capital's social governance reform.

　　"The "Regulations" embodies the people-centered development thinking, which is conducive to consolidating and deepening party building to lead grassroots governance, clarifying reform paths and practical directions, and ultimately realizing the improvement of administrative management and law enforcement efficiency, and promoting the modernization of social governance capabilities and systems." China Said Mo Yuchuan, vice president of the Administrative Law Research Association of the Law Society and professor of the School of Law of Renmin University of China.

　　The focus is shifted down, highlighting the people-centered development thinking

　　Mr. Liu, who lives in Fangjia Hutong, Andingmen Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, used to seldom go out at night-because the street lights in the Hutong were dark, the neighborhood wrestled for this.

　　Mr. Liu tried to call the "12345 Hotline" and sent the list to the Beijing City Photo Management Center.

After the maintenance engineer Chen Chunguang and his colleagues arrived at the scene, they found that some locations were blocked by trees and caused visual differences.

They immediately replaced 33 street lights in the hutong.

During the return visit, Mr. Liu and the neighbours put forward their opinions-the lights are indeed on, but the lights do not match the Hutong environment.

　　Chen Chunguang once again came to the site to investigate, and finally negotiated with the residents an optimized plan-to remove the original lamp holder part, customize the elbow and other materials, and change it into an arm lamp that accurately illuminates downwards.

After the renovation was completed, looking at the bright and beautiful new street lamps, Mr. Liu said with emotion: "These lamps not only illuminate the alley, but also warm our hearts."

　　Promoting the transformation of the government's public service supply model from "serving food" by the government to "ordering food" by the masses is one of the important goals of Beijing's grassroots governance reform.

As Beijing Municipal Party Secretary Cai Qi emphasized during the investigation and inspection in early July, it is necessary to keep in mind that making people happy is the "big country", adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, and take action immediately upon receipt of litigation as a practical activity of "I do practical things for the masses". The main focus is to make good use of the 12345 people’s livelihood big data, focus on high-frequency issues, and use "one question per month" to concentrate on tackling tough problems and take the initiative to solve the problem of the people’s "emergency and worry".

　　The "Regulations" proposes to promote the downward shift of the focus and the linkage of each sector to form a guideline to solve the problems at the grassroots level; establish and improve the leadership system and working mechanism of responding to litigation; expand the scope of people's livelihood services, and promote the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei citizen service hotline Linkage and government services, convenient services online, etc.

　　For some more complex livelihood issues, departmental coordination and coordinated governance are critical.

　　Every evening, Huang Xiongying, a resident of the Asian Games Village in Chaoyang District, goes to the Olympic Sports Center for a walk.

But two years ago, she did not have this comfort: the Beichen West Road in front of her home was "broken" for 12 years, and residents walked around 2 kilometers to the Olympic Sports Center.

　　Why can't we get through a "broken head" road for 12 years?

The relevant person in charge of the Sub-district Office of the Asian Games Village found many departments, but each department said that this road was not under their control.

It turned out that this route was built by the developer.

Due to insufficient funds, some sections of the road have not been able to meet the delivery standards for many years and have to be closed.

　　After the operation of the “receive action” mechanism, the sub-district office of the Asian Games Village blew the “assembling whistle” twice: First, the district urban management committee, the housing construction committee and other departments were called to negotiate and transfer the property rights of developers who no longer have the ability to rebuild roads in advance.

Then, convene the district urban management committee, the greening bureau, and the road maintenance center to jointly formulate road dredging, pavement repair and lighting programs.

In just 4 months, 12 years of "head-cutting" has been opened up!

　　In response to the comprehensive and complex demands of the public, the "Regulations" emphasized that 338 neighborhoods and towns in Beijing should be given the power to "blow whistle" to higher-level government departments, establish a "first-in-responsibility system" and other working mechanisms, and clarified that government departments at all levels, Appeal to the responsibility of the undertaking department in the overall planning and coordination process, and set up supervision clauses.

　　Professor Wang Jingbo of the University of International Business and Economics said that this multi-level, cross-department, cross-field, and cross-regional responsibility mechanism and collaborative governance mechanism emphasizes the public-centered construction of a government response model and demonstrates the people-centered development thinking.

To truly play its role in the future, it is necessary to implement the accountability system clearly defined in the Regulations, establish a seamless connection and form a closed-loop collaborative governance mechanism, so that the streets and towns can coordinate different departments in a one-to-many manner, and at the same time Different departments can also form a collaborative governance working mechanism to achieve a full-scale response to public demands.

　　Take the initiative to govern and make up for weak links in grassroots governance from the source

　　"I've lived in a house for almost 20 years, and finally I belong to myself!" Ma Yuling, a resident of Haidian District, Beijing, said with satisfaction holding the newly issued real estate certificate "Dahongben".

A total of 160 residents in her community have been unable to obtain property rights certificates for a long time due to the developer's running away and other reasons.

　　The real estate certificate involves many aspects such as the settlement of residents, children's schooling, housing transactions, etc., and it is a livelihood issue that the masses have strongly reflected.

According to statistics, the "12345 Hotline" received more than 8,000 complaints about difficulties in obtaining permits last year.

Through the “portrait” analysis of people’s livelihood big data and staff mapping, the city found that there are more than 900 residential historical real estate registration problems, involving more than 500,000 houses, and the problem has been the longest for nearly 30 years.

　　Beijing's multiple departments jointly issued relevant policies for this purpose, clearly addressing the problems of developers running off the road and revoking their business licenses, the industry committee can be the subject of the application for the property right certificate.

Thanks to this new policy, Ma Yuling and the neighbors have all recently obtained real estate certificates.

　　In addition to the "difficulty in obtaining a permit" for people’s real estate certificates, the people’s livelihood big data also "calculates" unlicensed "houses" and "cars", labor and consumer disputes, urban environment, community management, education, traffic management, municipal administration, medical services, parking management, There are 27 people’s livelihood pain points and governance congestion points on themes such as pension, rural management, and real estate market management. Beijing has carried out active governance and special governance with "one question per month".

　　At the end of June this year, the Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee held a meeting to listen to a report on the implementation of the "one question per month" work of "solving the case immediately".

It was pointed out at the meeting that the response to litigation takes into account the attitude, responsibility, responsibility and effectiveness of party members and cadres to start their own businesses, and the monthly question is a deepening and extension of the response to litigation, focusing on the concentrated solution of high-frequency problems, and promoting active governance and no litigation. Do it first.

We must insist on overall advancement, dynamic adjustment, and rolling implementation, so that the masses will have more sense of gain; deepen the reform of responding to litigation, improve the operation and evaluation mechanism, adhere to the integration of various sectors, work together from all parties, mobilize the broad participation of the masses, and form a joint construction. The grassroots governance pattern of shared governance; meanwhile, we will do a good job of legislative work upon receipt of litigation.

　　Of course, it is not easy to discover and thoroughly resolve these weak links in grassroots governance in time.

The "Regulations" set up a special chapter on "active governance" for this purpose.

For example, the establishment of a comprehensive analysis and regular scheduling mechanism, focusing on the high-frequency and common problems of the appeals and reflections, and carrying out key areas and regional governance; requiring the contractor to take measures to carry out active governance and handling first without complaints; the citizen hotline service agency is protecting personal privacy Under the premise of this, the use of big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other scientific and technological means to carry out dynamic data monitoring and put forward analysis suggestions.

　　“Acting immediately upon receipt of litigation is a quick response to public appeals, and realizing action before litigation through active governance is a big step forward.” Wang Jingbo said that with the development of society, the risk stacking effect is increasing.

Proactive governance through big data mining, analysis, research and judgment, and handling first without litigation, can resolve conflicts and disputes in grassroots governance from the source, and realize the sustainability of the rapid response mechanism of mega-city governance.

　　The "14th Five-Year Plan" outline proposes to promote the experience of grassroots management mechanisms such as "street and village whistleblowing, department registration, and immediate handling of complaints", to promote the sinking of resources, management, and services to neighborhoods and communities, and to speed up the construction of modern communities.

As a summary of the experience of grassroots reforms, the "Regulations" received widespread attention from society when they were formulated.

　　"The "Regulations" are relatively stable, comprehensive and feasible, and have great enlightenment and reference significance for local governance reforms at the grassroots level." Mo Yuchuan believes that the "Regulations" actively explore party building to lead the innovation of grassroots governance systems and mechanisms, and promote the focus of social governance to the grassroots. It is conducive to improving administrative efficiency; many evaluation, commendation, and incentive measures have been put forward, which more reflects the flexible management method.

"These exploration directions are correct and suitable for other places to learn from."

　　"The reform and opening up to the present day, China's rule of law has entered a refined stage, and the reform of administrative management and law enforcement is moving in a more refined, democratic, and efficient direction. Beijing's reform practice and related legislative process have provided us with useful enlightenment. "Mo Yuchuan said.

New Paths for the Grassroots Governance of Megacities

You may like

Trends 24h

Latest