China News Service, Beijing, July 28 (Reporter Du Yan) Today is World Hepatitis Day, with the theme of "Hepatitis, can't wait".
Experts in Beijing jointly discussed the precise prevention and control of hepatitis B and adult hepatitis B vaccination measures, and called for the prevention of hepatitis B vaccine to be moved forward through screening to increase the rate of adult hepatitis B vaccination. In particular, vaccination or supplementation of high-risk groups should be carried out to effectively improve adult hepatitis B vaccine Vaccination rate, and strive to achieve the goal of eradicating hepatitis.
Vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective means of prevention
In July 2019, the State Council issued the "Opinions on the Implementation of the Healthy China Action", issued the "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" document and pointed out that it is necessary to fully implement various prevention and treatment measures for viral hepatitis to control viral hepatitis and Its related liver cancer and liver cirrhosis deaths are on the rise.
Jia Jidongshen, director of the Liver Disease Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, at the "Life Does Not Wait, Health Does Not Disturb the Liver" offline science salon held by People's Daily Online and People Daily on the occasion of World Hepatitis Day on July 26 I agree with the theme.
Jia Jidong said that at present, the base of existing hepatitis B infections in China is still huge. Compared with other viral hepatitis, hepatitis B has a long incubation period and is highly harmful, and it is difficult to completely cure. It has brought a heavy burden to patients and society. I really can't wait."
Cheng Jun, deputy dean of Beijing Ditan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, pointed out that the fear of hepatitis B lies in its high rate of transforming into cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Among Chinese patients with liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, the proportions caused by hepatitis B virus infection are 77% and 84%, respectively.
Liver cancer is the second-highest cancer in China, and the number of deaths from primary liver cancer each year accounts for about 50% of the world.
The so-called "hepatitis B black trilogy" of hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer may seem scary, but it is not inevitable.
Yu Wenzhou, the chief physician of the Immunization Program Center of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, pointed out that vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is the most effective and economical way to prevent hepatitis B and its cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Improving adult hepatitis B vaccination rate is imminent
According to reports, in order to get rid of the “hepatitis B power”, China has been conducting research on hepatitis B virus and vaccines since the 1970s. Since 1992, hepatitis B vaccination has been included in planned immunization management, and hepatitis B vaccine has been included in 2002. Children's planned immunization.
So far, the hepatitis B vaccine has been included in China's childhood immunization program for nearly 20 years. During this period, the carrying rate of hepatitis B surface antigen in Chinese children has dropped significantly.
The results of the 2014 national hepatitis B seroepidemiology survey among people aged 1-29 years show that compared with 1992, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen among people aged 1-4 and 5-14 years has dropped by 96.7% and 91.2%, respectively. The number of chronic HBV infections has dropped from about 120 million to about 70 million.
Vaccines have made important contributions to the prevention and control of hepatitis B in China, but at present, there are still about 70 million chronic hepatitis B virus infections in China, including about 20 million to 30 million chronic hepatitis B patients.
Cheng Jun said that facing the goal of eradicating hepatitis, there is still a long way to go.
In recent years, more than 1 million cases of hepatitis B have been newly reported in China each year.
At present, China is still a moderately endemic area of hepatitis B.
In the context of widespread vaccination among children, the majority of new cases of hepatitis B in China are adults.
Cheng Jun said that although adults are not likely to become chronically infected with hepatitis B virus, many people still face the threat of the virus without the protection of the vaccine.
At present, the coverage rate of hepatitis B vaccine among 15-59 year-olds in China is only 13.8%.
Improving adults' understanding and cognition of hepatitis B prevention and increasing the coverage of adult hepatitis B vaccine is of the utmost importance.
In fact, as early as the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B (2019 Edition)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines") has clearly pointed out the importance of testing for hepatitis B prevention and vaccination.
The "Guide" encourages the general population to undergo five hepatitis B tests (two and a half hepatitis B) tests during routine physical examinations or visits; five hepatitis B tests for high-risk groups such as family members of people infected with hepatitis B virus.
Jia Jidong explained: "If you don't know whether you have been vaccinated against hepatitis B, or even if you have been infected with hepatitis B, the best way is to check the five hepatitis B items."
Cheng Jun also mentioned that taking into account the transmission of hepatitis B virus, people cannot completely avoid hepatitis B virus infection in daily life and work.
Therefore, in addition to neonatal immunization prevention strategies, for young people, for adults, especially those who have not been vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine before, they should also be encouraged to go for screening.
If the results of the hepatitis B test show that the five items are all negative, the most effective preventive measure is to get the hepatitis B vaccine.
High-risk groups choose the right vaccine for vaccination
At the event site, Yu Wenzhou conducted popular science and answers to the precautions for vaccination.
He said that adult hepatitis B vaccination also follows the standard vaccination procedure from 0-1-6 months. After vaccination, the antibody titers in the body of antibody responders will decrease over time, but the general population does not need to monitor antibody levels. Or boost immunity.
"For high-risk populations, especially newborns born with positive or unknown hepatitis B surface antigens, it is recommended to detect antibodies for 1-2 months after the full course of hepatitis B vaccine inoculation. If anti-HBs <10 mIU/mL, supplementation is required."
Yu Wenzhou pointed out that factors such as aging, men, obesity, smoking, and chronic diseases will reduce the immune response of the hepatitis B vaccine, thereby reducing the protective effect of the hepatitis B vaccine. Therefore, choosing the right vaccine for vaccination can obtain a better protective effect.
In order to implement the comprehensive implementation of the prevention and treatment measures for viral hepatitis proposed by the "Healthy China Action (2019~2030)", China is gradually launching hepatitis B vaccination for high-risk adults, and early screening and early detection are the most important prerequisite.
At the salon, experts once again called for screening to move the prevention threshold forward, increase the rate of adult hepatitis B vaccination, and vaccinate or supplement adult hepatitis B vaccines for adults who have not been vaccinated or not vaccinated, especially high-risk groups. Vaccination rate.
This is of great significance for avoiding mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B, reducing new cases, and further improving the level of hepatitis B prevention and treatment in China.
(Finish)