"Having food in hand and not panicking in the heart is the truth at all times"
Core reading
According to the dispatch data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, there will be another bumper harvest of summer grain this year. The yield is expected to increase by 3 kg and the output will hit a record high.
At present, my country's grain production has achieved the "17 consecutive harvests", the grain production capacity has stood at the level of 650 million tons for six consecutive years, and the per capita grain holdings have exceeded 470 kilograms.
According to the dispatch data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 335 million mu of wheat across the country had a bumper harvest. Based on the actual harvest and the situation reflected by all parties, the summer grain harvest will be another bumper this year. The yield is expected to increase by 3 kg, and the output will hit a record high.
Hong Fan Bazheng, food is the head of politics.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “We must firmly hold the initiative in food security, and we must pay close attention to food production every year.” “For a country like ours with a population of 1.4 billion, the status of agriculture as a foundation cannot be ignored or weakened at any time. It is the truth to have food and not to panic at all times."
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has insisted on addressing the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” as the top priority of the whole party’s work. It has insisted on giving priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas. Hands.
At present, my country's grain production has achieved the "17 consecutive harvests", the grain production capacity has stood at the level of 650 million tons for six consecutive years, and the per capita grain holdings have exceeded 470 kilograms.
For the first time this year, the central government has included grain output in macroeconomic control indicators. The "14th Five-Year Plan" set comprehensive grain production capacity as the main indicator of economic and social development, and set grain production capacity higher than 650 million tons as a binding indicator.
Looking to the future, my country has the conditions, ability and confidence to rely on itself to build the foundation of national food security.
The policy of strengthening farmers and benefiting farmers has been implemented steadily
Increase the power of grain farmers, add vitality to grain production
One outline, ten thousand eyes Zhang.
Grain production capacity is higher than 1.3 trillion catties, which requires policy support.
Growing grain has a sense of honor, and the motivation to grow grain is increasing.
At the early rice production commendation conference held in Longjin Town, Yixian County, Jiangxi Province, 12 major grain growers were beaming and accepted the awards.
In Longjin Town, on the basis of the county's subsidy standard for farmers who grow early rice, in addition to an additional subsidy of 10 yuan per mu, 12 large grain growers are also rewarded.
With increasing income, the enthusiasm of food farmers is increasing.
In Hunan, 37 major grain-producing counties have launched trials of complete rice cost insurance and income insurance to provide farmers with "reassurance." In Fuding City, Fujian, in order to increase farmers’ income from growing grain, seven measures for food production safety have been introduced to improve the planting area. Large planting households with more than 30 acres will be given a subsidy of 200 yuan per acre, and subsidies for the purchase process will be implemented.
There is a "gift package" for growing grain, and the grain farmers are guaranteed.
Implement the "three rights" separation of rural land ownership, contracting rights, and management rights; maintain stable and long-term land contracting relationships, and extend the second round of land contracting for another 30 years after the expiration of the second round of land contracting; continue to increase the minimum purchase price of indica rice and wheat per catty For 1 cent, the pilot projects of complete cost insurance and income insurance have been expanded to the three major food crops...A series of policies full of gold have stabilized the income expectations of growing grains, improved the ability to resist risks, and effectively mobilized farmers' enthusiasm for growing grains.
The system and mechanism of responsibility for stabilizing food security have been continuously improved, and the "party and government have the same responsibility" to grasp the grain, and the granary of major countries has a solid foundation.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the central government issued a total of 21.704 billion yuan in rewards, which fully mobilized local governments' enthusiasm for focusing on agriculture and grain.
Following the establishment of the Governor's Responsibility System for Food Security at the end of 2014, this year my country has promoted the implementation of the "Government and Party Responsibilities for Food Security", and food security has become more reliable.
"By making better use of the role of the'baton' of food security assessment, optimizing and improving the assessment and scoring standards, strengthening the hard constraints on stabilizing food production, and promoting the formation of a joint force for the party committee and the government to jointly manage and ensure national food security." Plantation Industry of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Pan Wenbo, Director of the Management Department, said.
"The needle and thread to increase the area needs tight seams, and the land that is turned around must be used." Liu Jinliang, a large grain grower in Paikou Village, Oujiangcha Town, Heshan District, Yiyang City, Hunan Province, does not want to waste every inch of land.
Ganxian District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, clearly defined grain production as the primary agricultural production task, and vigorously implemented a series of actions of “stabilizing grain production and increasing production”, “reforming single to double” and “high-standard farmland construction”.
"Because the "Tian Nanny" service is in place and caring, 300 acres of wheat have been planted this year, so you don't have to worry about the whole process." Said Ai Xiangang, a major grain grower in Aicheng Village, Sunji Town, Shanghe County, Shandong Province.
Lu Shiren, director of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Anhui Province, said that as one of the main grain producing areas in the country, we strictly implement the responsibility of the party and government for food security, and resolutely carry the political responsibility for food security.
The policy of strengthening farmers, benefiting farmers and rich peasants has turned the rains in the spring, adding momentum to grain farmers, adding vitality to grain production, grasping grain stabilization and increasing grain growth, and gathering the majestic forces that carry the responsibility of stabilizing grain security.
Cultivated land and equipment "home base" is consolidated
Storing grain on the ground increases the ability of grain production to resist risks
Be prepared for it, and it is the country's standing way.
The grain production capacity is more than 1.3 trillion catties, which requires equipment support.
"After the farmland is renovated, the average field size is more than 5 acres, and large and small agricultural machinery can be driven into the farmland. And under the unified planting standard, the selling price of rice per catty is at least 6 cents higher." Chongqing Liangping District Star Said Deng Zhong, a major grain grower in Lianglu Village, Qiaozhen.
Looking around, the high-standard farmland is neatly formed, and ecological insecticidal lights, smart cameras, sensors and other facilities are also installed in the fields.
Cultivated land is the lifeblood of grain, and the grain output capacity per unit of land is improved, so that grain production can be obtained, supplied, and well supplied.
In Ye County, Henan Province, the local Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs found that the yields of corn, peanuts, and soybeans per mu in high-standard farmland reached 1,200 jin, 800 jin, and more than 400 jins, respectively. Among them, the yield per mu of corn increased by more than 400 jins than that of ordinary fields, and that of peanuts and soybeans respectively. Increased production by more than 100 catties.
In recent years, through the implementation of efficient water-saving and high-standard farmland construction projects, China has increased investment in farmland water conservancy infrastructure construction, continuously improved production conditions, and strengthened its ability to withstand natural disasters.
Wu Hongwei, the second-level inspector of the Department of Farmland Construction Management of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that as of the end of last year, 800 million mu of high-standard farmland with high yields and stable yields had been built across the country, accounting for nearly 40% of the country's arable land, and the productivity per mu was increased by 10%-20%. .
Without the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, there would be no modernization of the entire country. The modernization of agricultural machinery and equipment has consolidated the foundation of production capacity for grain production.
In the vast fields, the farming cattle of the past have become the "iron cattle" of today.
“Manual planting of seedlings is about 0.07 mu per hour, while a seedling transplanter can plant 67 mu per hour. If you purchase the machine, you will receive a subsidy of 27,400 yuan for each.” Zhang Maosheng, director of the Agricultural Machinery Development Center of Dongzhi County, Anhui Say.
In recent years, the degree of agricultural mechanization in my country has continued to increase and has entered a new stage dominated by mechanization.
At present, my country has become the world's largest agricultural machinery manufacturer and user country, and the output of tractors and harvesting machinery is far ahead.
The production of major food crops has basically achieved full mechanization, and the comprehensive mechanization rates of the cultivation and harvest of the three major food crops of wheat, rice, and corn have reached 96.36%, 83.73%, and 88.95% respectively.
Three summers were very busy, and summer grain pellets were returned to warehouses in various places.
During the summer harvest period, the mechanical harvest was reduced and the mechanical revenue increased. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has shown that nearly 16.5 million sets of various agricultural machinery and equipment have been put into crops such as wheat, rape, etc. in the "three summers" this year, as well as straw processing, drying, and corn, rice, etc. Crop seeding operations.
Maize soil testing and formula fertilization, rice fields and planes to spray drugs... Now, hundreds of millions of farmers have invested in the "hundred-day operation" to seize the harvest of autumn crops.
The solid foundation of grain production equipment comes from continuously increasing investment.
In recent years, the overall scale of financial support for agriculture has grown steadily, providing a strong material guarantee for the development of food and agriculture.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the central government invested a total of 95.8 billion yuan in subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and subsidized farmers for the purchase of agricultural machinery, which strongly promoted the process of agricultural mechanization.
Agricultural science and technology close by
Storing grain in technology, scientific and technological breakthroughs make grain production full of potential
Measure your abdomen and take it, tailor your clothes.
The grain production capacity is more than 1.3 trillion catties, and technology is needed.
"Last year, my rice planting green manure tasted the sweetness, and the price of rice increased by 6 yuan per kilogram." Tianjin rice farmer Cui Fenghong said with a smile.
According to calculations, the city's 1 million mu of rice fields will be fully promoted after green manure rotation, which can increase the output of rice by 30,000 tons per year.
In the Xiaozhan Rice Demonstration Zone, Xiaobo Village, Wangwenzhuang Town, Xiqing District, Tianjin, more than 2000 acres of rapeseed were turned into the ground before planting seedlings.
This is the Xiaozhan Rice Green Cultivation Science and Technology Project hosted by the Municipal Academy of Agricultural Sciences. It includes technical integration of Xiaozhan rice's winter green manure intercropping, spring green manure rotation, and green manure and straw cooperative return to the field.
"Through the large-scale promotion of cost-saving and high-efficiency technologies such as scientific fertilization, water-saving irrigation, unified prevention and control, and green prevention and control, the utilization rate of water, fertilizer and medicine has been significantly improved, and the loss rate of diseases, insects and weeds has been greatly reduced, which has effectively promoted the increase in production and efficiency." Wei Qiwen, director of the Technology Promotion Center, introduced.
At present, the utilization rates of pesticides and fertilizers of my country's three major staple foods have reached 40.6% and 40.2%, respectively, an increase of 4 percentage points and 5 percentage points from 2015.
The popularization and application of agricultural science and technology has played a positive role in increasing grain production and improving quality.
In 2020, the contribution rate of my country's agricultural science and technology progress will reach a new level of 60%.
Seed industry is the chip of agriculture and the core of agricultural science and technology innovation.
"One grain is good for planting, 1,000 grains for good grain. The average yield per mu is as high as 510.5 kg!" In mid-May, in Baique Village, Changqing Town, Zitong County, Mianyang City, Sichuan, hundreds of mu of high-quality wheat "Mianmai 902" was measured on-site. The results are exciting.
"The harvested area in Mianyang this year exceeded 100,000 mu, and we will strive to reach more than 500,000 mu in the autumn planting area in the second half of the year." said Ren Yong, deputy dean of the Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
"This year, we will cooperate with China National Seed Group Co., Ltd. to jointly build, and plan to use a five-year restructuring system to build a 150,000 acres of wheat seed breeding base that integrates scale, mechanization, standardization, intensification, and informationization. It will reach 75 million kilograms." Tian Chenguang, secretary of the Lingcheng District Committee of Dezhou City, Shandong Province, said that by then, the whole district will form a complete industrial chain of "variety selection, variety display, breeding production, improved seed processing, quality inspection, and logistics distribution".
High-quality and multi-resistant rice, dwarf sterile wheat, hybrid corn... In recent years, my country has advanced the joint research of major national improved varieties, basically achieved full coverage of improved varieties of major food crops, and achieved China's food security by relying on Chinese seeds.
Sun Haoqin, deputy director of the Seed Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that the current rice and wheat breeding level in my country belongs to the first echelon, with development advantages and competitiveness, and effectively guarantees the absolute safety of rations.
In view of the stuck points and gaps, the seed industry has turned its back on and is advancing continuously.
In Hainan, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences has 11 research institutes, more than 1,000 experts and graduate students here to carry out southern propagation work throughout the year; the Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory was officially inaugurated in May.
In Henan, recently launched 9 major scientific and technological projects in the field of seed industry innovation.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, my country should regard seed industry as a key task for agricultural science and technology research and agricultural and rural modernization.
The storage of grain in technology has profoundly changed China's grain production methods and added a strong impetus to the steady increase of grain production capacity.
Our reporter Gao Yuncai Yu Jingxian