China News Agency, Jiuquan, July 5th. Title: Adding an "Early Shuttle" to Global Meteorological Observations and Exploring the "Dawn Star" Fengyun-3 E
Author Chen Su
On the morning of the 5th, the Fengyun-3 E satellite was successfully launched at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
This "dawn star" was called by the media as "representing China's meteorological satellite technology to a new height" and "has a symbolic significance of pioneering a new journey."
What innovative value does Fengyun-3 E star have?
What new applications will it bring to weather monitoring and weather forecasting?
At 7:28 on July 5, China successfully launched the Fengyun-3E satellite with the Long March 4C carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
Photo by Wang Jiangbo
An "Early Shuttle" to fill the gap in the international satellite field
Zhang Peng, deputy director of the National Satellite Meteorological Center and commander-in-chief of the Fengyun-3 ground application system, said in an interview with a reporter from China News Agency that the Fengyun-3 E satellite independently developed by China is the first civilian satellite in the world to operate in the morning and evening orbit. meteorological satellite.
So far, China has become the only country in the world that has a three-star network of meteorological satellites in twilight, morning and afternoon orbits at the same time, filling the technical gap of international twilight orbiting meteorological satellites.
It is understood that the existing global network of observation satellites has two or three orbital observation blank areas in the assimilation time window of numerical weather forecast observation data every 6 hours, which cannot provide global coverage of atmospheric observation data. The addition of morning and evening orbit satellites , Will fill this gap.
"For example, in the past, the global weather satellite shuttle bus only had morning and afternoon buses. Now, an'early shuttle bus' has been added to make the weather observation data more comprehensive." said Yang Jun, chief designer of the Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Project of the China Meteorological Administration. After the FY-3E star and FY-3C star, D star three-star network, it can provide a complete global coverage data for the numerical forecast every 6 hours, effectively improve and improve the accuracy and timeliness of the global numerical weather forecast, which is useful for perfecting the global forecast. Earth observation system is of great significance.
A "Dawn Star" comprehensive forecasting ability improved
The Fengyun-3E satellite overcomes the technical problems of large temperature gradients on the shade and sun surface of the twilight orbit satellites. It is equipped with 11 (sets) of advanced remote sensing instruments. It has core capabilities in three aspects: observation channel, detection accuracy, and spectral coverage continuity. A breakthrough has been achieved, and the first active remote sensing detection of the Fengyun series satellites has been achieved, which can enrich marine observation data that is scarce in conventional meteorological observations and enhance the forecasting capabilities of marine meteorological disasters.
In addition, due to the "on duty" in the early morning and evening, the Fengyun-3E satellite can more accurately identify natural disasters in special periods such as morning fog and fire, and detect the global night city lighting conditions, thereby indirectly reflecting the city's economic conditions.
Yang Jun said that the FY-3E satellite will bring about an improvement in the comprehensive forecasting system, and will have stronger monitoring capabilities for typhoons, strong convections and extreme weather.
In addition, in the case of using only domestic satellites, the use of FY-3 E satellite data is expected to extend the forecast time effect by about 12 hours, and its design life will be increased from 5 years to 8 years, which will further enhance the application benefits of satellites.
The FY-3 E star was successfully launched.
Photo by Wang Mingyan
A "monitoring station" to better respond to climate change
In addition to the comprehensive improvement of weather forecasting capabilities, the Fengyun-3E star can monitor various elements such as three-dimensional atmosphere, ocean surface wind field, low light at night, sun and ionosphere, and comprehensively enhance the monitoring and analysis of weather and climate, atmospheric environment and space weather. Ability to play a stronger role in combating climate change.
Zhang Peng said that the FY-3E is a polar-orbiting satellite. Compared with geostationary orbit satellites, polar-orbiting satellites have a low orbit, carry more instruments, and have high imaging pixels. Its advantages are reflected in its ability to observe all elements. The various elements of the atmosphere, the lithosphere, and the biosphere, and the temperature, humidity of the atmosphere, changes in land surface vegetation, sea surface wind speed, snow in the lithosphere, and changes in polar ice are all elements that reflect climate change.
"The ocean, atmosphere, and sun are all climate-sensitive parameters, and they can all be obtained through the Fengyun-3E satellite. These rich observational data will provide a scientific basis for China to respond to climate change, achieve carbon neutrality, and carbon peak goals. "Yang Jun said.
In the future, there will be three more stars in the Fengyun-3 meteorological satellite batch 03, including a precipitation star. China will also promote the operation of the Fengyun-4 microwave satellite, promote the formation of a powerful meteorological satellite observation network in China, and provide more for the public. Good protection provides better support for weather forecasting and climate change response.
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