China News Service, Jiuquan, June 17 (Reporter Guo Chaokai) At 9:22 on June 17, Beijing time, the Long March 2 F Yao 12 carrier rocket lifted the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft to tow the red tail flame into the air.

"The Strongest Double Twelve" teamed up to send three astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming, and Tang Hongbo into space.

This is the first manned mission of the Chinese Space Station during the orbit construction phase, and the space station construction mission has once again taken a big step forward.

Gather the world to and from "skill points"

　　The Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft is the first manned spacecraft in the mission phase of the Chinese space station. It is also the manned spacecraft with the highest standards and the most stringent requirements for various indicators developed by China so far.

　　According to the scheduled plan, the Shenzhou XII spacecraft will adopt an autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking mode to form a combination with the space station’s sky and core module forward docking interface. The three astronauts will return to the ground after staying in space for about 90 days.

　　"Shenzhou 12 is by far the most complete and complete spacecraft. From an image point of view, it has completely achieved the manned spacecraft development goal at the beginning of the manned space project." China Aerospace Science and Technology Group Fifth Academy Design Department Said Gao Xu, deputy chief designer of the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft system.

From the moment he entered the launch site, he looked forward to the launch day.

　　Gao Xu introduced that the Shenzhou 12 spacecraft is composed of an orbital module, a return module, and a propulsion module. The ship has 14 sub-systems and is a "life boat" for astronauts to realize the round trip between heaven and earth.

The orbital module is equipped with key equipment such as support equipment for astronauts in orbit, rendezvous and docking sensors, and is fully prepared for autonomous rapid rendezvous and docking; the return module is the section where the astronauts take during the launch and return of the spacecraft, and is the spacecraft’s "Brain"; the propulsion module is equipped with propulsion systems, power supplies and other equipment to provide power for the spacecraft and to control the attitude orbit during the flight.

　　In fact, the leap-forward development of the Shenzhou manned spacecraft was not achieved in one step. Since the establishment of the "three-step" development strategy of China's manned space project on September 21, 1992, the Shenzhou manned spacecraft has passed the verification time and time again. Yifa's success continues to accumulate experience and technology.

　　Shenzhou 1 to Shenzhou 4 achieved unmanned verification of the space-to-earth round trip, Shenzhou 5 carried astronaut Yang Liwei to achieve manned round-trips, Shenzhou 6 achieved multi-person and multi-day round-trip activities, and Shenzhou 7 achieved astronaut out-of-cabin activities , Shenzhou 8 to Shenzhou 10 broke through unmanned rendezvous and docking and manned rendezvous and docking, and Shenzhou 11 realized the mid-term residency of astronauts.

.

　　Today, the successful launch of the Shenzhou 12 spacecraft has laid a good start for the space station construction mission for manned spacecraft to and from the world.

At this point, Shenzhou 12 has gathered all the "skill points" needed for all missions and all modes to go back and forth between heaven and earth.

Set five "firsts in China"

　　In this world-renowned mission, the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft refreshed the new height of China's manned space technology, completing five "firsts in China", that is, for the first time to realize the manned autonomous and rapid docking with the core module of Tianhe. It is the first time to implement a radial rendezvous with the space station. It is the first to have the ability to return to the Dongfeng landing site from different altitude orbits. It is the first time that a manned spacecraft has been docked in orbit for a long time.

　　The Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft will implement manned autonomous and rapid docking for the first time. With the cooperation of the space station's continuous adjustment of its attitude, the Shenzhou 12 manned spacecraft can achieve docking with the space station as soon as 6.5 hours after launch.

In addition, the Shenzhou XII spacecraft will be the first manned spacecraft to be docked in orbit for a long time, and the spacecraft will be docked in orbit for 3 months.

　　According to experts from the Fifth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Technology Group, before Shenzhou 12, the Shenzhou manned spacecraft returned to Earth from a fixed orbit. In the space station mission, in order to save the consumption of propellant, the orbit position will be adjusted according to different time nodes. The adjustment to meet the long-term docking requirements.

For this reason, the Shenzhou team re-adapted the design of the return orbit, adjusted the return height of the manned spacecraft from a fixed value to a relative range, and improved the return algorithm to improve the return adaptability and reliability of the manned spacecraft. The ability to return to the Dongfeng landing site in different altitude orbits.

　　"Manned spaceflight, life is at stake" has always been the creed in the hearts of the Shenzhou team.

In order to ensure that both the sky and the ground have the ability to protect the lives of astronauts and retrieve them under emergency conditions, the Shenzhou team created an emergency rescue mission mode that combines heaven and earth, that is, carrying two spacecraft into the field, and one spacecraft is used as the launch spacecraft As a backup of the astronaut’s life rescue boat in case of emergencies.

The Shenzhou team adopts a "rolling standby" strategy. When the first manned spacecraft is launched, the next manned spacecraft is on standby at the launch site, and has an 8.5-day emergency launch capability to achieve space rescue capabilities to fully protect the lives of astronauts. Safety.

Review of China's manned space project:

　　Since September 21, 1992, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee approved the "three-step" development strategy for the manned space project. China's Shenzhou 1, 2, 3, and 4 have been successfully launched and passed four unmanned experiments. The flight mission has laid a solid foundation for the subsequent manned flight missions.

　　On October 15, 2003, the Shenzhou V manned spacecraft carried the astronaut Yang Liwei into space, flew 14 times around the earth and returned to the ground safely. This made China the third independent manned spaceflight in the world after Russia and the United States. Country of activity.

　　On October 12, 2005, the Shenzhou VI manned spacecraft carried astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng into the sky. It completed a number of operations in orbit, and realized the space flight test with real human participation for the first time. It successfully surveyed the sky with multiple people and multiple days. The goal of the first step of the project was achieved.

　　On September 25, 2008, the Shenzhou VII spacecraft took the three astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming, and Jing Haipeng into space.

The space hero Zhai Zhigang entered space from the orbital module and took the first step for the Chinese to walk in space.

　　On November 1, 2011, the Shenzhou-8 spacecraft successfully implemented the first unmanned rendezvous and docking, achieving a major leap in the development of China's space technology. It is another victory for the Chinese people on the journey of climbing the world's technological peak.

　　On June 16, 2012, the Shenzhou 9 manned spacecraft docked with Tiangong-1 again, and successfully docked twice through automatic control and manual control. Astronauts Jing Haipeng and Liu Wang and China's first female astronaut Liu Yang settled in Tiangong One, broke through the manual rendezvous and docking technology.

　　On June 11, 2013, the Shenzhou 10 spacecraft carried out the second manned rendezvous and docking flight. Astronauts Nie Haisheng, Zhang Xiaoguang and Wang Yaping entered Tiangong-1 after successfully completing the rendezvous and docking.

　　On October 17, 2016, the Shenzhou 11 spacecraft and Tiangong-2 docked to form a combination. Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong performed a 30-day combination residency mission, assessed their mid-term residency support capabilities, and carried out a series of international manifestations. The space science and application tasks of the frontier of science and the development direction of high-tech.

　　On June 17, 2021, the Shenzhou XII spacecraft carried three astronauts Nie Haisheng, Liu Boming, and Tang Hongbo. It will complete a rapid rendezvous and docking with the space station's core module, and the construction of the Chinese space station is progressing steadily.

(Finish)