To varying degrees, according to the circumstances of each country
Hotspots of conflict affect the situation of youth in the region in 2021
The Houthis are still recruiting children in Yemen.
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Abdul Hamid Al-Dabaiba: The responsibility for construction and development is a joint responsibility and is not limited to the government.
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Turkey brought many mercenaries to Libya, taking advantage of their circumstances.
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Rebuilding Mosul is the task of the new generation's youth.
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The situation of young people in the countries of the region, during the first half of 2021, reflects the interactions taking place in the areas of ignition in the Middle East, both internally and internally, which is indicated by a number of indicators indicating this, such as recruitment in the ranks of armed militias, involvement in the ranks of mercenaries in hotbeds of conflict, and the activation of The role of private security companies in the Syrian arena, the escalation of demand for irregular migration to European countries, the gradual start of voluntary efforts in the reconstruction of areas affected by the control of terrorist organizations, and the strengthening of the role of youth in nation-building during the political transition phase.
There are a number of contexts that express that the conditions of young people are a reflection of what is happening in the region, during the first half of 2021, which can be addressed as follows:
The power of the militia
1- Recruitment into armed militias
Numerous media reports indicate that the Houthi militias have carried out recruitment campaigns among young people in 10 Yemeni governorates, with the aim of strengthening their control over the battlefields, especially on the Ma’rib front, although they take the slogan “Al-Nusra and Jihad for the Liberation of Palestine” as an entry point, especially in light of Escalation of confrontations between Palestinian factions and Israel.
According to what was published by the London-based newspaper Asharq Al-Awsat on May 15, Houthi leaders in Ibb governorate carried out, during the last period, recruitment campaigns among young people in several rural districts and villages in the governorate under their control to force them to participate in the ongoing fighting under the allegations of “supporting the Palestinian cause and the liberation of the Palestinian cause.” Al-Aqsa Mosque,” which some responded to.
This behavior was not the first of its kind pursued by the Houthi militia, as there were previous recruitment campaigns for young people from Saada, Sana'a, Amran and Hajjah, which takes place through intellectual training courses to increase the "new fighters" in its ranks.
The Iranian battalions in the Syrian city of Aleppo are also opening offices to recruit Syrians within the “Imam Ali Brigades” militia in agreement with the Syrian Ministry of Defense, which parallels the Iraqi militia, Al-Nujaba Movement, affiliated with Iran, bringing in military reinforcements to support Iranian influence in Aleppo.
Mercenary gains
2- Joining the ranks of mercenaries in hotbeds of conflict
Some regional powers, such as Turkey and Iran, are working to send mercenaries, especially the youth, to areas of tension in the region, as is the case in Libya, Yemen and Syria.
In this context, the Turkish “Anadolu Agency” published a report on May 7, according to its sources in Deir ez-Zor in eastern Syria, that the Iranian Revolutionary Guard sent Syrian elements affiliated with it to Yemen to fight alongside the Houthi militia against forces affiliated with the legitimate government in exchange for sums of money. Monthly finances for mercenaries.
The sources indicated that the elements were transferred to Iraq through the Al-Bukamal border crossing with Syria and then to Iran, under the pretext of pilgrimage to Shiite shrines.
At a later stage, these elements are transferred to the Yemeni capital, Sanaa, through sea trips within relief ships, and this may happen through organized smuggling operations, where they undergo an intensive military course for weapons training, and are then distributed to fighting points in the country.
However, the Iranian embassy in Ankara denied the authenticity of this report, and considered it "evidence of ignorance of the facts on the ground."
privatization of security
3- Revitalizing the role of private security companies in the Syrian arena
These companies are asking young people for employment abroad, as the role of one of the private security companies “Al-Sayyad” has increased in As-Suwayda Governorate, after many young people have hesitated since the end of last April, after they were offered to travel with Russian forces to Armenia, for a period of five months, in return for monthly salaries ranging from Between 2000 and 2500 dollars, according to what was published by some Arab media outlets, on May 12, provided that young people register their full data, in addition to an amount of 25 thousand Syrian pounds, in return for the medical report of this or that young man.
The tasks of these young men are to protect Russian facilities in Armenia.
Immigration Victims
4- Rising demand for irregular migration to European countries
The stressful economic conditions and the security chaos were repulsive factors for young people with nationalities of countries exposed to protracted internal conflicts, especially Libyans and Syrians, as well as countries facing severe political crises and government stumbling in improving the living conditions of citizens, which applies to Tunisia. For Economic and Social Rights” Ramadan Ben Omar, in statements to “Sky News Arabia” on May 17, that more than 13,000 immigrants of different nationalities have arrived on the Italian coasts from the beginning of 2021 until mid-May, 13% of them are Tunisians. 1,700 Tunisian irregular migrants to the Italian coast.
Cities recover
5- A gradual start in the reconstruction of the affected areas
The past stage witnessed attempts and operations to rebuild the stricken cities or the affected areas within those cities, such as Ghat in Libya, Taiz in Yemen, Beirut in Lebanon, Aleppo in Syria, and Mosul in Iraq. Volunteering for about 150 young men from the city, which was subjected to widespread destruction after ISIS controlled it for years before its liberation through the Iraqi army and police forces. Their residential areas, which is why the youth of Mosul took to their campaign the slogan “We will recover with your return.”
Empower my jelly
6- Enhancing the role of youth in building new countries
This clearly applies to the Libyan case, as the Prime Minister of the Government of National Unity, Abdel Hamid al-Dabaiba, saw, during his attendance at a local horse competition in the city of Misurata on May 15, that “the responsibility for construction and development is a joint responsibility and is not limited to the government,” calling for “the contribution of athletes, businessmen and activists.” civil society so that Libya enjoys prosperity and stability.”
Dabaiba stressed the ability of the Libyans to restore the social fabric to what it was through sports and community activities that include participants from different regions of Libya, pointing out that his government will support all activities and competitions that attract young people and keep them away from the atmosphere of wars and conflicts.
Expensive
Young people in the hotbeds of armed conflicts in Libya, Yemen, Syria and Iraq, some of which have exceeded a decade, are paying a heavy price in a manner that has forced some of them to join armed militias that present themselves as an alternative project to the national state, as well as employment in the ranks of mercenaries supported by some interfering regional forces. In the internal affairs of Arab countries, and travel within temporary contracts offered by some private security companies without confirming the receipt of the amounts of money stipulated in the contracts, even if circumstances forced them to do so after losing sources of income, and the youth are also burdened with the burdens of post-conflict reconstruction. Because they represent the largest segment of Arab societies.
• Some regional powers, such as Turkey and Iran, are working to send mercenaries, especially the youth, to the regions of tension in the region.
• The last stage witnessed attempts and operations to rebuild the stricken cities or the damaged areas within those cities, such as Ghat in Libya, Taiz in Yemen, Beirut in Lebanon, Aleppo in Syria, and Mosul in Iraq.
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