Chinanews.com, Beijing, May 19th, title: "Wind-catching, appraising the boat and surveying the sea": Demystifying China's first marine dynamic environmental satellite constellation

　　Author Guo Chaokai

　　On the 19th, China used the Long March 4B carrier rocket to successfully put the Haiyang-2D satellite into the scheduled orbit. This move marked the beginning of the three-star networking era for China's Marine Dynamics and Environmental Satellites.

　　After the Ocean-2D satellite enters orbit, it will be networked with the Ocean-2B satellite and Ocean-2C satellite in orbit to jointly build China's first marine dynamic environmental satellite constellation, forming an all-weather, all-weather, high-frequency The global large and medium-scale marine dynamic environment monitoring system.

This satellite constellation has a variety of functions, and the satellite designers kindly summarized its functions as "wind catching, boat detection, sea reconnaissance, and recording".

Let the typhoon "nowhere to escape"

　　With the advent of the Samsung networking era, China's coverage of global ocean monitoring has reached more than 80%, and the efficiency and accuracy of ocean monitoring have been greatly improved, reaching the international leading level, and will efficiently serve China's ocean disaster prevention and mitigation, maritime transportation, and development. Marine economics and other work.

　　The Ocean II series satellites were developed by the China Academy of Space Technology under the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. The satellites are equipped with microwave scatterometers, which can be effectively used to measure sea surface winds. The accuracy of wind speed measurement is better than 2m/s, which is the timeliness of typhoon forecasting. And accuracy provide a strong guarantee.

　　According to the classification of wind power, the wind speed is less than 2m/s as the first-class wind.

In other words, even if a first-class "soft wind" blows on the sea surface, it will not escape the eyes of the Ocean II series of satellites.

Since the launch of the Ocean II series of satellites, an average of more than 20 typhoons in the coastal waters of China have been accurately captured each year, and none of them have slipped through the net.

After the Ocean-2 C satellite was in orbit in September 2020, it successfully "captured" No. 19 super typhoon "Swan", showing good application effects.

　　After the Ocean-2D satellite is put into use in orbit, it will further enhance its monitoring and early warning capabilities, providing important guarantees for disaster prevention and mitigation in coastal cities in China and global disaster monitoring.

Let the ship "free sail"

　　According to reports, on the basis of the "artifact" of Star A, the Ocean II B star has added a new ship automatic identification and data collection system, which is equipped with automatic identification of global ships, as well as buoys for receiving, storing and forwarding offshore China and other waters. The ability to measure data.

On the other hand, the navigation system of the Ocean II D satellite is fully upgraded, with GPS and Beidou dual-mode data receiving functions, and further realizes the autonomous and controllable navigation capabilities.

　　After the operation of the B, C, and D satellites of Ocean II, it is equivalent to weaving the "eyes of the sky" in space, realizing accurate surveys of the positions, headings, and speeds of ships on the global sea surface, supporting and serving global maritime positioning, navigation, search and rescue, etc. Provide important protection.

　　Ocean II series satellites are also equipped with a radar altimeter, which can obtain data such as effective wave height, ocean circulation, and global ocean waves.

The equipment works with the calibration radiometer to obtain the global ocean effective wave height information in time, with an accuracy of 0.5 meters, which can effectively monitor and predict disastrous waves, and the observation accuracy has reached the international leading level.

Accurate detection promotes marine economy

　　In addition to measuring the effective wave height, the Ocean II series satellite-mounted radar altimeter can also accurately measure the global sea height.

According to the satellite designer, the sea level measurement accuracy of Ocean-2D Star is better than 5cm, which has reached the international advanced level and will provide data support for global climate research.

　　Since the application of the Ocean II series satellites in orbit, many fishery companies have used Ocean II satellite data to promote and apply the ocean fishery, which can save 5% of fuel and increase fish catches by 2-3%, achieving a good economy. benefit.

　　According to a public report by Jiang Xingwei, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, China can issue rapid forecasts of ocean fishing grounds by using ocean optical satellites and combined with the data from the Ocean II series of satellites. At present, China has the forecasting capabilities of 17 large fishing grounds in three oceans.

Global networking highlights China's power

　　Ocean II's B, C, and D stars run on different orbits, and its network operation will enable global ocean monitoring to enter the "hour-level" era.

　　Zhang Qingjun, chief designer of the Ocean 2 satellite, said that a single star could only be observed once for the world in more than 20 days, which could not meet the requirements of marine transportation, ocean fishing grounds, marine scientific research, and maritime safety.

After China's construction of its first marine dynamic environmental satellite constellation, global ocean observations will only take 6 hours.

　　In addition, after the Samsung network is formed, the interval between the observation grids of the Ocean 2 satellite will be better than 100km, meeting the requirements of sub-medium-scale ocean phenomenon observation and reaching the international advanced level.

Compared with the total area of ​​the world’s oceans of 361 million, its observation accuracy is equivalent to that of a newspaper on a football field.

　　The "China Net" organized by Ocean II B, C, and D stars in space will bring geometric growth in marine disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities, maritime transportation capabilities, and marine economic development, and provide important support for the construction of a maritime power in the new era. , To provide "Chinese power" for mankind to better develop, utilize, protect, and control the ocean.

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