Establish a unified national recognition system for the brave to fight for justice
Old man injured and fell to the ground, two elementary school students help others, hotly discussing expert advice
□ Our reporter Zhao Li
□ Guo Jing, an intern of our newspaper
Recently, two elementary school students from Jinan City, Shandong Province found an old man riding a battery car down on the ground with bleeding from an open wound on his head. The two worked together to help others and the car. They did not leave until the ambulance and the police arrived.
The two elementary school students responded with practical actions, "Whether they can help if Lu meets the elderly falling down", which was widely praised.
At the same time, the surrounding people who were not daring to wait and see, were complained by netizens.
According to the analysis of experts interviewed by reporters from the Rule of Law Daily, the reasons for "dare not to rescue" are both the dilemma of collective action and the fear of being involved in disputes.
Therefore, the scientific, standardized, and efficient courage for justice is the national unified recognition system, and the authority and standard courage for justice is a unified honor system that needs to be constructed urgently.
Encountered an old man fell on the way home
Two students actively acted
Chen Li, the principal of Jiefang Road No. 1 Primary School in Jinan City, Shandong Province, recently received a message from a police officer in the district police station.
It turned out that after school on the afternoon of March 5, Zhan Ziwen and Wang Zihe, fifth-grade students of Jiefang Road No. 1 Primary School, found an old man riding a battery cart lying on the ground, bleeding from an open wound on his head, and the surrounding people did not dare to approach. .
The two of them didn’t hesitate, and hurriedly stepped forward to help the old man and the battery car, and asked about the old man’s injury, and picked up the noodles scattered next to them and locked them in the car. Then they intercepted a taxi from the side of the road and wanted to send the old man away. He went to the central hospital for treatment, but the old man insisted on not getting in the car.
Together with the enthusiastic people, the two of them divided the work and cooperated. One accompanied the elderly to take care of the elderly, and the other went to the emergency department of the central hospital for help. They did not leave silently until the ambulance and the police called by passers-by arrived.
Afterwards, the police asked them why they dared to come forward to rescue the elderly. Are they afraid of being wronged and misunderstood. Zhan Ziwen and Wang Zihe both said: "The school teachers educate us to act bravely, help others, respect the old and love the young, as long as it is just. Kind, school teachers and families will be our strong backing."
In this incident, passers-by who dared not approach seemed out of place.
According to Zhi Zhenfeng, a researcher at the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, in modern society, the relationship between people is becoming more and more loose, focusing on the individual and advocating self-development.
But we can't just blame the passers-by for becoming "indifferent", because there are indeed cases where the old people are "bitten back" while supporting the elderly.
At the same time, media reports have played a role in fueling the flames, causing people to have more concerns about the issue of "support".
Li Jiachen, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' Law Institute, commented that life is inevitable to encounter dangerous situations. At this time, the "golden minutes" in the hands of passers-by is the key straw to save lives, and courage to see righteousness becomes a trend, which will make everyone's social life more. Provide a security guarantee that can reverse the situation.
"Seeing danger but not saving" wears down interpersonal trust, so that everyone may miss the "last chance."
Regarding the logic behind this "dare to rescue" psychology, Li Jiachen analyzed that there are both collective action dilemmas, such as "free-riding" and "tragedy of the commons", but also the fear of being involved in disputes.
In recent years, the high "conscience price" is the outstanding cause of many interpersonal indifference and heroic chilling incidents.
Get rid of the dilemma of collective action
Create a good social atmosphere
It is worth pondering that incidents that "cannot be supported" are still happening.
Recently, at an exit somewhere, an old man fell to the ground.
Upon seeing this, the passing students immediately supported the elderly, then called their parents, took the elderly to the hospital, and paid 5,000 yuan in advance for medical expenses.
However, the elderly and their family members refused to refund the parents' money, believing that it was the students' responsibility for the elderly to fall.
Parents of students can only turn to the traffic police, and finally the traffic police issued a responsibility certificate, and the elderly bear full responsibility for the accident.
"From a legal perspective, we have advocated the introduction of'socialist core values' into the law in recent years. The law must highlight good law and good governance and highlight the value of goodness, but there are indeed many defects in the specific system design and implementation." Zhi Zhenfeng believes In dealing with such incidents, we must remain neutral, and we cannot make a conclusion at will when the evidence is insufficient.
There is a distance between the law and people's social and emotional cognition. This kind of distance is difficult to solve people's psychological gaps and dislocations.
There is a double psychological impact on the helper. On the one hand, if you help others, you have to provide evidence to prove that you have helped others, which will produce a "feeling of distrust"; on the other hand, if the helper cannot produce evidence, they need Compensation, this is very unfair.
At the same time, Zhi Zhenfeng added that when making judicial decisions, it is necessary to take facts as the basis and the law as the criterion.
However, in the absence of eyewitnesses and insufficient evidence, "it is recommended that the law should reflect the value orientation of the society and conform to mainstream values when making judicial decisions. Judges should not make inferences that deviate from the good and non-mainstream values of society. ".
In Li Jiachen's view, the question now is not "whether there is still dare not to rescue", but "why this problem has repeatedly appeared in various places and has not been fundamentally reversed."
Breaking through the dilemma of collective action and creating a good social atmosphere is a manifestation of the meaning of the "nation" and also my country's institutional advantage.
In 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "Socialist Core Values Incorporated into the Rule of Law Construction Legislation Amendment Plan", in which strengthening the legal protection of acts of righteousness is an inherent requirement.
"It is necessary to create a positive and healthy institutional environment to make doing good things easy and safe, and doing bad things difficult and costly. Everyone can safely release interpersonal goodwill and enhance people's sense of security and happiness in social life." Li Jiachen suggested that the specifics can be from Two considerations: One is to reduce the cost and provide the necessary incentives for the righteous and courageous. It is necessary to focus on the needs of the righteous and courageous in the entire link, such as daily aid skills education, medical treatment green channels, law enforcement and judicial plot attention, honor award matching pragmatic, and The sacrifice of social security is also inseparable from the "indirect participation" of other social entities in the righteousness and courage, such as the employer’s mis-work understanding, witnesses’ speaking out of justice, etc.; the second is to increase the moral and legal costs of being framed and blackmailed by the rescued, and it is very easy to frame and blackmail. The "chilling effect" that has caused society to fail to save it should not allow framed and blackmail to become a costless act of speculation, but instead plunges helpers into onerous disputes that prove their innocence.
Improve risk-taking mechanism
Clarify the emergency treatment system
In September 2020, “two medical students who fell ill and cried bitterly after the rescue failed” aroused social concern.
Judging from the videos circulating on the Internet, two young girls kneeling on the ground in Changde Railway Station, Hunan, performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation and artificial respiration on a man who fell on the ground.
After the ambulance arrived, the two girls couldn't help but burst into tears at the moment they left.
Unfortunately, the man passed away after being rescued.
In the video, the two girls kneeling to rescue are graduate students of the School of Ophthalmology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
After this life-saving video was circulated on the Internet, many people comforted the two girls who saved them: "You did your best, don't blame yourself, it's good." However, some netizens posted bad reviews saying that the two girls did not practice medicine. Qualified, not qualified to rescue.
In this regard, some commentators bluntly stated that rumors who acted bravely should be punished accordingly.
The above incidents once again exposed the issue of "how to resolve the various dilemmas encountered by those who are brave enough for justice".
Zhi Zhenfeng proposed that in order to resolve such a dilemma, in addition to ethically advocating brave behavior, the risk-taking mechanism should also be clarified. The relevant departments should clarify the corresponding emergency treatment system to promote a more standardized treatment process.
"At present, it is urgent to build a scientific, standardized, and efficient national unified recognition system for righteousness, build an authoritative and standardized unified honor system for righteousness, promote the spirit of righteousness with system guarantee, and effectively improve the selection and recognition of righteousness in the new era, and vigorously strengthen the work of righteousness and their families. All provinces and cities have a unified honor system that has the courage to do what is right, but the country has not yet formed a unified recognition system." Zhi Zhenfeng said.
Li Jiachen also said that a unified national recognition system and a unified honor system can ensure that the same acts of charity are equally recognized and guaranteed, and help to create a national atmosphere of courage to do what is right.
Regarding the recognition system, the standards should be scientific and fair, the procedures should be transparent and efficient, and the appeal mechanism should be perfect. Regarding the honor system, we can consider unifying national honorary titles and standards, and take measures to enhance the purity and authority of honorary titles.
In 2012, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, in conjunction with the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and Ministry of Health, formulated the "Opinions on Strengthening the Protection of the Rights and Interests of People Who Do Whatever You Wish".
Regarding the first national-level regulatory document to strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of people who act for justice, Li Jiachen commented that there are special provisions for emergency treatment of people who act for justice. "However, the level of the document is limited, the content is general, and the local implementation is uneven. It is necessary to incorporate the emergency treatment system into the special protection law for doing what is right, and the responsible departments will issue specific implementation measures, focusing on the treatment process and funding sources."