China News Service, March 15th. At present, my country has four new coronavirus vaccines on the market. What is the difference between them?

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

In this regard, Wang Junzhi, deputy leader of the vaccine research team of the scientific research group and academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, gave an answer on the 15th.

Data map: Researchers are developing a new coronavirus vaccine.

Photo by Tang Yanjun

  Wang Junzhi said that these four new crown vaccines are actually two technical routes. There are three inactivated vaccines, one is an adenovirus vector vaccine, which is the difference between the two technical routes.

Inactivated vaccine is actually a vaccine prepared by cultivating and amplified live virus through a series of purification techniques after inactivation. Its main feature is that the components of the vaccine are relatively similar to the natural virus structure, which is the closest.

Usually the immune response is relatively strong, with good safety.

Its vaccine is relatively stable and can be stored at 2-8 degrees for a long time for two to three years. It is convenient to transport and convenient to use in remote places. It uses two injections of immunization.

  Wang Junzhi introduced that adenovirus vector vaccines, my country adopts type 5 adenovirus as a carrier, introduces new coronavirus antigen genes, and prepares live vector vaccines through bioreactors. The preparation process is relatively simple and the cost is relatively low, because it is mainly in our country The original type 5 adenovirus Ebola vaccine was successfully developed on the basis of this platform. This vaccine can not only induce the production of very good neutralizing antibodies, but also has a feature that it can enhance cellular immunity. The immune program adopted is one shot.

One shot of immunization is indeed very convenient for some special emergency groups.

  Wang Junzhi pointed out that no matter what kind of technical route the new crown vaccine adopts, the most important thing is to combine the characteristics of the antigen itself and the characteristics of the pathogen itself, and use appropriate technology to develop a safe, effective, and controllable quality vaccine. This is the most critical for the success of the vaccine. standard.

  Another reporter at the meeting asked questions about the progress in the development of other vaccines, except for the four vaccines that have been approved for marketing.

It is reported that the team of Academician Chen Wei and Academician Zhong Nanshan has deployed a new vaccine research and development. What is the special significance of the current development of a new vaccine?

  In response, Wang Junzhi said that currently 17 new crown vaccines in our country have entered the clinical stage, 4 of which have been conditionally approved, and the other three technical routes are basically in the third phase of clinical trials or will soon enter the third phase of clinical trials.

For these vaccines, there must be two tasks before they are marketed. One is whether the safety and effectiveness data of the third phase of clinical trials are in compliance with the regulations, and the other is to complete commercial-scale production process verification and establish reliable quality standards for control.

Clinical trials need to obtain sufficient clinical research data. Phase III clinical trials have great difficulties. They are all done abroad. There are many difficulties to overcome.

  "Once enough data is obtained to prove that the effectiveness of the program design is met, and the data with acceptable safety is based on the basis, the applicant can submit a marketing application to the State Food and Drug Administration, and the State Food and Drug Administration will organize it in the first time. Complete the review to ensure safe and effective vaccines to be launched as quickly as possible." Wang Junzhi introduced.