Reporter: Li Jinlei
During the National Two Sessions in 2021, the topic of "one old and one small" became very hot.
The government work report, the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the draft of the 2035 long-term goal outline have some new arrangements around "the young are nurturing, and the old are nurturing." The representatives and committee members also put forward some down-to-earth suggestions.
Let's see it together.
Actively respond to the aging of the population as a national strategy
As the aging population intensifies, China's pension problems have become increasingly prominent.
Statistics show that as of the end of 2019, there were approximately 254 million people aged 60 and over in China.
It is estimated that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's elderly population will exceed 300 million, and China will enter the stage of moderate aging from mild to moderate aging.
In terms of elderly care, China has made big moves.
Regarding the main goals and tasks during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, this year's government work report proposes to implement a national strategy to actively respond to population aging, to improve the population service system with a focus on "one old and one small", and to promote the realization of an appropriate birth rate.
Hu Zucai, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said at the press conference of the State Council Information Office on the 8th that the draft plan responds to social concerns and will actively respond to population aging as a national strategy.
In the draft planning outline, there is a "road map" for improving the elderly care service system-vigorously develop inclusive elderly care services, build an elderly care service system that coordinates home community institutions and integrates medical care, health care, and improves community home care service networks , Promote the ageing transformation of public facilities, take multiple measures to expand the supply of beds in elderly care institutions, improve service capabilities and levels, and increase the proportion of nursing beds to 55%.
Image source: Visual China
Representatives and members of the committee recruited "the old to have support"
——Leave a manual service window for the elderly
The elderly cannot enjoy the digital life like the young, and the problem of "data gap" has become prominent.
Yang Yuanqing, deputy to the National People’s Congress and chairman and CEO of Lenovo Group, believes that public service departments such as hospitals, stations, and communities should not close manual windows "one size fits all", but should retain physical consultation, on-site guidance, and manual services for the elderly. to offer comfort.
——Promote "Aging-appropriate Transformation"
Lei Jun, representative of the National People's Congress, chairman and CEO of Xiaomi Group, suggested that public digital platforms and service systems at all levels should be promoted to complete "aging reforms", and priority should be given to solving high-frequency services such as online appointments for the elderly, transportation, and smart code scanning.
——Establish a geriatric section, no need to run upstairs and downstairs
Huang Gairong, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and director of the Department of Geriatrics at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, suggested that the geriatrics department should be established as soon as possible to provide a “green channel” for the elderly who may suffer from a variety of chronic diseases, so that they can receive diagnosis and treatment in one department. There are many places running upstairs and downstairs.
——It is recommended to compulsorily pay long-term care insurance
Long-term care insurance is called the "sixth insurance" of social security.
According to data from the National Medical Insurance Bureau, 49 cities across the country have piloted long-term care insurance, with an overall reimbursement level of about 70%.
Sun Jie, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy dean of the School of Insurance of the University of International Business and Economics, suggested that the development of long-term care insurance should be further promoted, and legal insured persons and their units should be compelled to pay long-term insurance premiums through laws and regulations to satisfy the disabled and semi-disabled elderly. Human care expenses.
"Children are educated" country moves
——Efforts to solve the "difficulty in entering the park" and "expensive in entering the park"
The Ministry of Education announced on March 1 the main results of the national education statistics for 2020. In 2020, there are 291,700 kindergartens in Mainland China, with 48,182,600 children in kindergartens, and the pre-school education gross enrollment rate is 85.2%.
The official pointed out that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to speed up filling up the shortcomings of preschool education, build, renovate and expand 20,000 kindergartens, increase inclusive kindergarten degrees by more than 4 million, and work hard to solve the "difficulties in entering kindergartens" and "expensiveness in entering kindergartens." The problem is that the gross enrollment rate of pre-school education has increased to over 90%.
Photo by Wu Tingting
——Explore the implementation of parental leave
When both husband and wife have to go to work, how to bring the children and who brings them becomes a problem.
In this regard, the draft plan clearly proposes to explore the implementation of parental leave.
Many representatives and committee members also made similar suggestions.
It seems that the increase in the supply of parental leave is very important.
——Encourage qualified employers to provide infant care services
The draft planning outline proposes to develop a universal childcare service system and increase the number of childcares for infants under 3 years old per 1,000 population from the current 1.8 to 4.5.
At the same time, encourage qualified employers to provide infant and child care services, support social forces such as enterprises, institutions and social organizations to provide inclusive childcare services, encourage kindergartens to develop integrated childcare services, and improve the quality and level of childcare and education.
Some representatives and committee members also put forward some suggestions regarding "children's education."
-It is recommended that kindergartens be included in compulsory education
Jin Li, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and deputy director of the Department of Economics and Management of Peking University, said that at present, China’s kindergartens have a large gap, inclusive resources are scarce, and private kindergartens charge high fees. The “difficulties in entering kindergartens” and “expensive kindergartens” affect China. With the development of the population, it is recommended that kindergarten education be added to the compulsory education system, which will help reduce the burden of the masses and increase the enthusiasm for childbirth.
-It is recommended to improve the male paternity leave system
Jin Li suggested perfecting male paternity leave and incorporating the paternity leave system into national legislative documents. On the one hand, it will reduce the burden of female birth and employment discrimination, and on the other hand, it will protect the rights of fathers in the family scene.
National People's Congress representative Tuo Qingming suggested that the paternity leave for male spouses should not be less than 20 days, and the paternity leave for male spouses should be included in the labor law.
For solving the problem of "one old and one small"
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