Space application: many satellites fly into the sky, full of results landing
Space Earth observation technology has the characteristics of macroscopic, rapid and accurate. The application of space Earth observation in my country has achieved great success from the region to the world.
Guo Huadong Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
On February 18th, the first typhoon "Dujuan" was generated on the Northwest Pacific Ocean. In addition to the Fengyun series of satellites, the Sino-French Ocean Satellite and Ocean 2 B/C satellites also captured the formation and changes of "Dujuan". .
In the field of marine disaster prevention and mitigation, marine satellites have become an indispensable data source.
As of 2019, the number of satellites in orbit in the world has reached 2,460. From 2008 to 2019, my country launched a total of 203 satellites, and the number of satellites in orbit reached 299, ranking second in the world.
Communication satellites represented by China Star, Asia Pacific, Tiantong, etc., remote sensing satellites represented by Fengyun, Resources, Ocean, etc., and the well-known Beidou satellite... China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation recently released the "China Aerospace The Blue Book of Scientific and Technological Activities (2020) shows that in 2020, China's aerospace applications will continue to make important progress, with more than 300 application satellites operating in orbit, building a relatively complete satellite application system, and strongly supporting comprehensive applications in various industries.
"Space Earth observation technology has the characteristics of macro, rapid and accurate. my country's space Earth observation applications have achieved great success from regional to global." Guo Huadong, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, was interviewed by a reporter from Science and Technology Daily Shi said that the development of my country's aerospace industry for more than 60 years, the application of satellites from scratch has basically constituted a full range of remote sensing, navigation, and communication satellite applications.
Satellite remote sensing realizes sitting on the ground to survey the sky and observe the sea
On January 8, the lowest temperature in Jiangsu Province was generally below 0 degrees Celsius. Among the local vegetables in Nanjing, the wholesale prices of leafy vegetables such as Artemisia, Malanto, Shepherd’s Purse, Spinach, and Parsley increased. 6 yuan rose to 7-8 yuan per catty.
The local media found that this has something to do with the continuous cold wave.
Weather changes affect people's clothing, travel, and even all aspects of life.
Tang Shihao, director of the Remote Sensing Application Office of the National Satellite Meteorological Center and chief designer of the Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Application System, introduced that providing support for accurate cold wave forecasting and monitoring the development and impact of the cold wave is just one of the "basic skills" of the Fengyun satellite.
According to the China Meteorological Administration, my country plans to launch Fengyun-4B and Fengyun-3E in 2021, and a total of 7 Fengyun meteorological satellites are planned to be launched during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.
"By 2035, my country will establish a meteorological business system with precise monitoring, accurate forecasting, and fine service. The comprehensive meteorological strength will reach the world's advanced level, and meteorology will be deeply integrated into people's livelihood security and industry development, and basically become a meteorological power." Zhuang Guotai, Director of China Meteorological Administration disclose.
According to the China Meteorological Administration, as the second satellite of the Fengyun 4, the Fengyun 4B satellite, the research and development work has been basically completed. According to the plan, it will be launched this year.
Tang Shihao looked forward to this.
The fast imager carried by the Fengyun-4B star can image an area of millions of square kilometers once every 1 minute, with a maximum resolution of about 250 meters, and has stronger monitoring capabilities for small and medium-scale weather systems.
The FY-3E satellite will be the world's first twilight orbit weather satellite.
After it is networked with the Fengyun-3 series satellites currently in orbit, it will make the daily observation time more evenly distributed, and allow scientific researchers to obtain the weather data of the morning and evening hours.
In addition, in the past, the Fengyun satellite could only be observed by infrared and microwave instruments at night, while the Fengyun-3E satellite is equipped with low-light observation equipment and has the ability to observe at night with visible light.
As a high-tech marine observation technique, space-based marine remote sensing has been widely used in marine environmental resource surveys, marine disaster prevention and mitigation, marine economy, marine ecology, maritime security, and national defense construction.
Jiang Xingwei, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and director of the National Satellite Ocean Application Center, revealed at the "Marine Observation and Exploration Technology Forum", a sub-forum of the World Ocean Science and Technology Forum held in August 2020, that two satellites will be launched in 2021, and two have already been approved. There are 5 projects in preparation.
In March 2020, the state proposed to accelerate the construction of new infrastructure, the integration of satellites and industrial Internet, smart grid, artificial intelligence, 5G and other new infrastructure applications into the "fast lane", natural resources, ecological environment, agriculture and other industries continue to publish industry policies Documents to promote the expansion of satellite application business to various industries.
The "14th Five-Year Plan" National Key R&D Plan "Key Deep-sea and Polar Region Key Technologies and Equipment" key special project 2021 project application guidelines (draft for comments) was released a few days ago.
The special project was initiated and implemented jointly by the Ministry of Science and Technology and relevant departments.
The draft for comments proposes that autonomous satellite detection of Arctic sea ice and comprehensive microwave experiments will be carried out.
An industry insider said that my country lacks remote sensing satellites specifically for monitoring the environment of special features in the polar regions. Although existing satellites obtain a large amount of data, their detection capabilities are limited and quantitative applications need to be improved. There is an urgent need to establish polar space-based remote sensing capabilities.
According to the consultation draft, my country is expected to make breakthroughs in the Arctic sea ice remote sensing detection technology of domestic satellites, and initially form my country’s independent near real-time sea ice remote sensing products and technology system, providing China’s sea ice remote sensing data for climate change research around the world, and at the same time further improve my country's climate prediction and weather forecast capabilities.
The "eyes" hanging in the sky point out the way on the ground
After the completion of the global networking of the Beidou satellite navigation system in July 2020, the innovative applications of Beidou usher in new development opportunities.
2021 is the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan", and the industrialization of Beidou is expected to usher in explosive growth.
2021 will be an important window period for the launch of many L3 autonomous vehicles.
In the process of smart car driving, strong sunlight, rain and snow and other complex scenes of severe weather will interfere with sensors such as cameras and radars.
Equipped with Beidou high-precision positioning technology, it has become the first choice for many domestic and foreign auto brands to impact the implementation of high-level autonomous driving functions.
As the world's leading spatio-temporal intelligent infrastructure company, Qianxun Position is the first to open up the full link from Beidou's high-precision positioning technology to commercial landing, paving the way for rapid development of the industry.
In 2020, 7 domestic smart-driving cars equipped with the Beidou high-precision positioning service provided by Qianxun Location will be mass-produced and launched, including GAC New Energy Ian V, GAC New Energy Ian LX, Xiaopeng P7, Hongqi HS5, and Hongqi H9, Hongqi E-HS9 and SAIC-GM Buick GL8 Avenir.
Not only on land, but navigating on the sea is equally important.
The National Key R&D Program "Key Deep Sea and Polar Region Key Technologies and Equipment" Key Special Project Application Guidelines for 2021 (Draft for Solicitation of Comments) mentions the research and system development of key technologies for communication and navigation support of the Arctic waterway.
Specifically, according to the draft, in response to the development and utilization of major Arctic waterways, China is expected to carry out research on Arctic waterway ship navigation communication transmission, navigation and positioning and information service requirements, build an Arctic waterway ship navigation communication and navigation guarantee system, and study high latitudes Regional high-reliability communication technology, Beidou-based polar navigation ship navigation optimization technology; the developed shipboard navigation system can achieve reliable positioning, support the reception of ice navigation information services through China's Beidou system, and support the integration of polar electronic navigation charts and navigation assurance information And interoperate.
These technological breakthroughs, combined with real-time data from Arctic remote sensing satellites, will provide autonomous and highly reliable communication and navigation technical support for high-latitude navigation in the Arctic, and help the international community in the development and utilization of the Arctic waterway.
In the future, you can experience the internet speed at home wherever you are
In recent years, my country has made a series of major achievements in the application of medium and high orbit satellites such as remote sensing mapping, positioning and navigation, and scientific experiments, such as Fengyun meteorological satellite, Beidou navigation satellite, and Chang'e lunar exploration satellite.
However, to use satellites as node carriers and move the Internet to the sky, it is not enough to rely on high-orbit satellites.
It is necessary to use low-orbit satellites to construct a constellation within a range of 2,000 kilometers and at an orbital altitude of several hundred kilometers, and use continuous relay inter-satellite links to achieve global coverage.
A few years ago, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation fully launched the construction of a global mobile broadband satellite Internet system.
The system is a constellation of communication satellites deployed in low orbit.
Bao Weimin, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Science and Technology Committee of the Aerospace Science and Technology Group, introduced that the system will achieve seamless coverage of the world and can provide Internet transmission services for various terminals such as ground fixed, handheld mobile, vehicle, ship, and airborne. In the deep ocean, the north and south poles, the "Belt and Road" and other regions, a combination of broadband and narrowband communications can be guaranteed.
Through such a system with seamless global coverage, any person or any object at any place on the earth can realize information interconnection at any time.
At the same time, the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation also proposed to build a space-earth integrated information system based on a low-orbit satellite constellation-Hongyun Project, and successfully launched the first satellite on December 22, 2018.
In May 2020, Ma Jie, deputy to the National People's Congress and Secretary of the Party Committee of the Second Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation, said that the satellite has been in orbit for one and a half years and has performed well, effectively verifying the technical approach of low-orbit satellite Internet.
It is understood that the construction of the Hongyun project is carried out in accordance with a three-step strategy. It is expected that in 2022, my country will deploy and operate the entire constellation, forming a comprehensive information of communication, navigation, and remote sensing with low-orbit broadband communications as the main component, navigation enhancement, and real-time remote sensing support capabilities. system.
In April 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission included satellite Internet, 5G, Internet of Things, Industrial Internet and other communication network infrastructures into the scope of new infrastructure for the first time.
The industry believes that with the development of satellite Internet, people will be able to enjoy the same Internet speed and service experience as at home in the future, whether they are in the desert, the ocean or on an airplane, and this dream does not seem far away now.
(Reporter Chen Yu)