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February 18, 2021 US President Joe Biden announced his reform to regularize illegal immigration:
green card immediately and citizenship in three years for 700,000 dreamers
, agricultural workers and people with temporary protection status, while
11 million " illegal immigrants "will have to face a longer path of eight years
.
A choice considered more "human" than that of the Donald Trump administration, but the Republicans announce battle in Congress.
Meanwhile,
a series of executive orders bear the mark of overturning the tycoon's legacy
: the stop of the wall at the southern border, the suspension of the ban against Muslim countries, the end of the separation of the families of Mexican migrants seeking asylum.
Among the significant details there is also the cancellation from the laws on the subject of the word "alien" to replace it with "noncitizen".
The 'citizenship act', as it was baptized,
is the first major effort to give citizenship to immigrants without documentation in almost 35 years
, after the amnesty with which in 1986 Ronald Reagan legalized about 3 million illegal
immigrants
.
In 2013, however, the reform approved by the Senate was wrecked in the House.
"It was a commitment made by the president from day one and this is his vision of what needs to be done to correct the system," the White House explained.
Obviously, nothing is taken for granted,
considering that in Congress the democratic majority in the House has a margin of only five votes and in the Senate it stops at 50
, 10 less than the quorum necessary to approve the measure.
Biden hopes for cross-sector support
and wanted to symbolically entrust the presentation of the measure in Parliament to two children of immigrants: Congresswoman Linda Sanchez, sixth of seven children raised by Mexican immigrants in California, and Senator Bob Menendez, the son of Cuban exiles.
"We are here because last November 80 million Americans voted against Trump and for everything he did," began Menendez.
"They voted to bring common sense, compassion, competence back to the government and part of that mandate is fixing our migration system, which is a pillar of Trump's hateful horror show," he continued.
What does the bill foresee?
The bill provides for a
shorter regularization process for dreamers
, i.e. immigrants who arrived in the US as minors following clandestine parents, as well as for laborers and for those who enjoy temporary protection: they can immediately apply for the 'green card' (green card) and, after three years, citizenship.
11 million illegal immigrants will have to start an 8-year path
: in the first five they will be able to live and work in the USA, then they will have the right to apply for the 'green card' and after another three years they will be closer to obtaining recognition.
Everyone will be obliged to pay taxes and prove that they have been in the United States from January 1 this year: a move to discourage new waves of immigration on the border with Mexico.
The reform project goes further.
Among the novelties, the abolition of family-type restrictions, to
facilitate the reunification of spouses and children
, and the increase in work visas, with more severe penalties for those who exploit irregular labor.
The
White House proposes to invest $ 4 billion over 4 years in the economies of Central American countries
in the hope of preventing mass exodus.
More judges are also expected to deal with asylum applications, and more technological means at the border to fight drug and human traffickers.
"A general amnesty," said Senator Marco Rubio, a Republican from Florida.