15 million people in China have been vaccinated for the first time by leaders of many countries
Why they choose China's new crown vaccine
Our reporter Zhang Jiaxing
Ask about the new crown vaccine
"More than 2,000 people were vaccinated this afternoon, and more than 5,000 tomorrow..." On the afternoon of January 15th, at a temporary vaccination site in Beijing, two workers in protective clothing had time to chat about their tense work arrangements for a while.
Since my country launched the new coronavirus vaccination work for key populations on December 15, 2020, in addition to such temporary vaccination points, more than 25,000 vaccination points have been set up nationwide according to the needs of vaccination work.
China's new coronavirus vaccine, whether to fight or not to fight?
While many people are still seeking answers to this question, the number of vaccinations against the new coronavirus in China is rising in an orderly manner.
According to the official data, the Chinese new crown vaccination data announced at the press conference of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council on December 19, 2020 is "emergency vaccination for one million people", and there have been more than 10 million at the press conference on January 13 , And by the most recent press conference on January 20, "the number of inoculations has exceeded 15 million."
In just a few days, the number of vaccinations against the new crown virus in China exceeded 15 million, and the human immune barrier against the new crown virus is being constructed "brick by brick".
In addition, many countries have approved the listing or emergency use of China's new crown vaccine. Leaders of many countries (Indonesia, Egypt, Turkey, Serbia, Jordan, etc.) have chosen China's new crown vaccine to gain immunity to the new crown virus.
Why did they get the Chinese new crown vaccine in the first place?
Looking back on China's new crown vaccine development road, the "four most" may be able to clearly answer this question, and it is these "four most" that have made humans look forward to the rapid and robust construction of the immune barrier for nearly a year!
The "most stringent" road to market
On December 30, 2020, the National Medical Products Administration approved the conditional listing of the new crown inactivated vaccine developed by Sinopharm Beijing Company.
"After the vaccine is launched, Sinopharm Beijing Company still needs to carry out phase III clinical trials as planned, complete phase III clinical trials and other conditional post-marketing studies with guaranteed quality and quantity, and further analyze the data results to update and supplement the vaccine in time. In accordance with the regulations, apply to the drug regulatory authority for approval or filing.” Chen Shifei, deputy director of the State Drug Administration, briefly introduced the “conditional” requirements at the State Council’s Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism press conference.
The stringent requirements in the above "conditional listing" are just a "stringent corner" of China's new crown vaccine development process.
Since the start of preclinical trials, China's new crown vaccine research and development has been extremely strict, rigorous and rigorous.
As Xu Nanping, Deputy Minister of Science and Technology, pointed out at the State Council’s joint prevention and control mechanism press conference on December 31, 2020, China’s new crown vaccine research and development has always adhered to multi-party linkage, industry-university-research integration, and organized national superior forces to conduct joint research, research and review. To speed up the vaccine development process without reducing procedures, standards, and ensuring safety.
Not counting the economic account, but only the people's health account, the scientific research team has simultaneously promoted 5 technical routes, and the undertaking units need to "wall chart operations" and proceed meticulously in accordance with the technical roadmap.
"Only evaluating the safety and effectiveness of inactivated vaccines in animals, the research team used 7 kinds of animals (including monkeys, mice, rabbits, guinea pigs, etc.) for challenge experiments." Chairman of Sinopharm Zhongsheng Group Yang Xiaoming recalled that only vaccines that have been strictly "hardened" are safe and effective.
The research and development of China's new crown vaccine, whether it is the adenovirus vector new crown vaccine that was the first to carry out clinical research on March 16, 2020, or any of the subsequent ones, are carried out in strict accordance with scientific standards and follow the research and development path of one-by-one research, data evaluation, and continuous optimization. .
"Don't jump" is the bottom line!
China's new crown vaccine will never skip animal experiments and go directly to human trials just because it is fast.
Each link of vaccine research and development is completed under the premise of scientific demonstration by the expert team, and has undergone rigorous verification and research.
The State Council’s joint prevention and control mechanism scientific research team has repeatedly emphasized that the scientific standards will not be lowered. Only in this way can the Chinese new crown vaccine stand the test of history and the review of the world.
Facts have gradually proved this.
When going abroad for phase III clinical trials, the Chinese team has always strictly adhered to international practices.
Yin Weidong, chairman of Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., introduced that the phase III clinical trial of China's new crown vaccine was completed in collaboration with scientists around the world, strictly in accordance with the international vaccine phase III clinical specifications, and established a data monitoring system that does not include Chinese people. Committee.
It is this high-standard phase III clinical design that has allowed China's new coronavirus vaccine to be recognized by other countries in the world.
"The most reliable" technical route
"According to our incomplete statistics, global related inactivated vaccine products have been used tens of billions of times on human bodies, so the safety of inactivated vaccines is relatively high, and the effectiveness is relatively good." On December 21, 2020, Zheng Zhongwei, head of the Vaccine R&D Special Team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism Research Team of the State Council and Director of the National Health and Health Commission's Medical Science and Technology Development Research Center, gave data at the press conference to show the reliable "hard core" of inactivated vaccines.
In fact, this is one of the important indicators to measure the technical route at the beginning of vaccine development-
In the early stages of the epidemic, the number of deaths increased, and Wuhan was closed down. In the critical situation, vaccine experts need professional judgment: which vaccine can ensure success and the fastest success.
It is true that the technical route of inactivation is not applicable to all viruses, so does it apply to the new coronavirus?
Yang Xiaoming explained to the reporter of Science and Technology Daily the reason for choosing inactivation: "Preliminary observations, the pathogenic symptoms of the new coronavirus are different from hepatitis B. There is no chronic carrier, indicating that its genes will not enter the host genome, so inactivated vaccines are feasible."
In addition to feasibility, the advantages of inactivated vaccines are that the early development time is short and the later production can be guaranteed.
In explaining why China chose the inactivation technology route rarely used in Western countries, Gao Fu, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said in an interview with the media that China has a fast and flexible coordination mechanism that can convert P3 laboratories. To become the research and development "workshop" needed for the production of new crown vaccines, but other countries do not (advancing in this direction), they did not take the route of inactivated vaccines.
In the subsequent implementation of large-scale production, the coordination mechanism of China's new nationwide system has also maintained vitality and enforceability among state-owned enterprises.
On December 31, 2020, the second phase transformation project of Sinopharm Zhongsheng Beijing Company undertaken by China Electronic System Technology Co., Ltd. was completed in Yizhuang.
The renovation of this largest new crown vaccine production workshop took only 118 days, while the previous phase one renovation took 69 days. The two phases of the renovation project are guaranteed by innovative technologies such as three-dimensional modeling and process simulation. The vaccine production capacity is expected to reach 1 billion doses in 2021.
"The most comprehensive" vaccination guarantee
No matter how great efforts have been made, if the vaccination is not done well, it is likely that the last meter will destroy everything.
For this last meter, the country has made the "most comprehensive" guarantee——
Establish a relatively complete set of rules for vaccination sites, training of vaccination personnel, screening of recipients, monitoring of adverse reactions, emergency treatment, consultation with experts for severe adverse reactions, etc., and prepare a comprehensive system of level 2 or higher at each vaccination site in advance The hospital's medical staff, including first aid equipment, medicines, etc., in the event of a serious adverse reaction, the first time they can identify and quickly deal with it.
A reporter from Science and Technology Daily tested the vaccination experience at the aforementioned temporary vaccination site.
The vaccinators will give detailed and clear guidance on the spot, inform how to fill in the form, and ask if there is any drug allergy, if there is any illness or taking medicine recently...
Faced with vaccinators with different "experiences", the vaccinators will accurately judge whether the vaccinators are suitable for vaccination based on the training they have received.
For example, "eating metronidazole", "receiving treatment with Helicobacter pylori", "drinking the day before" and other various situations may occur, and judgment is required.
(For details, please refer to the previous report of Science and Technology Daily "I got an "unsuitable vaccination card"")
For those who have been vaccinated, the vaccinators are more aware of the common adverse reactions they may face in the next few days, such as headache, fatigue, vomiting, etc., and will especially emphasize "must drink plenty of water", "work and rest regularly", "do not take a bath" and so on.
It is particularly worth mentioning that "staying for 30 minutes" has become a mandatory requirement for vaccination sites.
Jiao Yahui, Inspector of the Medical Administration and Hospital Administration of the National Health Commission, explained at the press conference: “According to past experience, adverse reactions often appear within 30 minutes after vaccination, so after vaccination, vaccinators must stay at the vaccination site for 30 minutes. ."
This is carried out in full at the vaccination point.
"No matter how urgent it is, you are not short of these three or four minutes." The guide will mark the vaccination time on the vaccination strip of the vaccinator, and the vaccinator who stays for less than 30 minutes will be persuaded by the guide to stay.
In addition, in a corner of the temporary vaccination site, there is always a doctor on standby, equipped with first aid equipment and medicine.
"The most forward-looking" response
The virus is mutating, and the spread of the British strain has increased significantly recently, and it has even become the dominant strain in the UK.
How does the vaccine respond?
In fact, the scientific research team has always been on the road.
"The database of the National Center for Biological Information holds nearly 300,000 new coronavirus genome sequences in more than 100 countries around the world. We analyze this data every day." Xu Nanping introduced at the press conference of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council. The scientific research team was held Several expert research and judgment meetings, combined with the results of previous studies, have conducted in-depth research on the question of whether the virus mutation affects the effect of the vaccine. The current expert research and judgment result is that there is no evidence that the existing mutations will be substantive to the effect of the vaccine. influences.
"It's better to be prepared than to use it, not to be used and not prepared." Xu Nanping emphasized that mutations have no impact on vaccine use now, but it may have an impact in the future. The scientific research team treats it as it will definitely have an impact to deploy scientific and technological work.
According to reports, there is now a special plan, a domestic superior force has been organized, and a research group has been established to conduct special research on virus mutation, detection reagents, drug development, and vaccine use effects.
In addition, speeding up the phase III clinical trials of other new crown vaccines and providing more vaccine products with different technical routes are also one of the next steps of the scientific research team.
It is understood that the current phase III clinical trial of the new crown recombinant protein vaccine jointly developed by the Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Anhui Zhifeilongkoma has been launched for about two months; the new crown recombinant protein vaccine developed by the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of West China Hospital of Sichuan University It is also approaching Phase III; the new crown chimpanzee adenovirus vector vaccine production line jointly developed by Tsinghua University, Tianjin Medical University and Watson Bio has started construction; China CDC also has a research and development team that is developing a universal coronavirus vaccine; Sinopharm Zhongsheng The layout of the new crown recombinant protein vaccine is also advancing in an orderly manner...
With the "most forward-looking" countermeasures, the new crown vaccine will respond to changes in the virus, and the future can be expected.