Chinanews.com, January 2nd, the official Weibo of the Ministry of Emergency Management announced on the 2nd that the country’s top ten natural disasters in 2020, heavy rains and floods in the Yangtze and Huaihe River valleys in July, typhoon "Hagupit", Xinjiang Jiashi 6.4 earthquake and other disasters In the column.

  ​​In 2020, the climate of China will deviate, and the southern region of the main flood season will experience the heaviest flood since 1998. Natural disasters are mainly floods, geological disasters, hail and typhoons, earthquakes, droughts, low temperature freezing, snow disasters, forests and grasslands. Fires and other disasters also occur to varying degrees. The Ministry of Emergency Management, in conjunction with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Health Commission, the Statistics Bureau, the Meteorological Bureau, and the Bank The China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the Grain Reserve Bureau, the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission and the Political Work Department, the Red Cross Society, the National Railway Group and other member units of the National Disaster Reduction Commission will discuss and approve that 138 million people were affected by various natural disasters throughout the year, 591 people were affected. There were dead and missing, 100,000 houses collapsed, 1.76 million houses were damaged, the area of ​​crops affected in 19957.7 thousand hectares, and the direct economic loss was 370.15 billion yuan.

  Compared with the average of the past five years, the number of people who died and was missing due to disasters in the country in 2020 will drop by 43%. Among them, 279 people who have died and are missing due to flood disasters, a drop of 53%, are all historical lows.

  The ten natural disasters nationwide in 2020 are as follows:

  1. Extraordinarily heavy rains and floods in the Yangtze and Huaihe River basins in July

  In July, the Yangtze River and Huaihe River basins were hit by 5 consecutive rounds of heavy rainfall. The average rainfall in the Yangtze River basin (259.6 mm) was 58.8% higher than that of the same period in the previous year, which was the highest since 1961. Three numbered floods occurred in the Yangtze River; average rainfall in the Huaihe River basin The volume (256.5 mm) is 33% higher than the same period of normal year.

Affected by heavy rainfall, the inflow of water in the Huaihe River Basin was 1.5-2 times more than that in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, causing serious floods.

Disasters caused 34.173 million people in 11 provinces (cities) of Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan, Chongqing, Sichuan, and Guizhou. 99 people died, 8 people were missing, 2.998 million people were urgently transferred and resettled, and 1.448 million were People need emergency life assistance; 36,000 houses collapsed and 422,000 were damaged to varying degrees; crops affected an area of ​​3579.8 thousand hectares, of which 893.9 thousand hectares had no harvest; direct economic losses were 132.2 billion yuan.

  2. In mid-August, severe rains and floods in Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi, Gansu and Yunnan

  From August 10-17, multiple rounds of heavy rainfall occurred continuously in the eastern part of Southwest China, the Sichuan Basin to Shaanxi, Gansu and other places.

Among them, the precipitation in the central and western parts of the Sichuan Basin and southern Gansu was 2 to 4 times more than normal in the same period, and the precipitation in southwestern Shaanxi and Yunnan was more than 50%.

Heavy rainfall triggered extreme floods in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The Three Gorges Reservoir had a maximum inflow of 75,000 cubic meters per second since the construction of the reservoir, and disasters such as mountain torrents and debris flows broke out in many places.

The disaster caused 8.523 million people in 53 cities (prefectures) of Sichuan, Chongqing, Shaanxi, Gansu and Yunnan in 5 provinces (cities), 58 people died, 13 people were missing, 1.071 million people were urgently transferred and resettled, and 83,000 people needed emergency life assistance; 2.3 Ten thousand houses collapsed and 350,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees; the area of ​​crops affected was 331.1 thousand hectares, of which 58.6 thousand hectares had no harvest; the direct economic loss was 60.93 billion yuan.

  3. Heavy rains and floods in Jiangnan, Southern China and other places in early and mid-June

  From June 2-14, multiple rounds of heavy rainfall occurred in Jiangnan, Southern China, and Guizhou, and the rainfall area overlapped.

Among them, on June 5-10, the rainfall in northeastern Guangxi and central and eastern Guangdong reached 300-500 mm, and the local areas in Huizhou and Shanwei of Guangdong reached 600-979 mm.

Affected by continuous heavy rainfall, more than 80 rivers along the main stream and tributaries of the Xijiang River in Guangxi, and the middle reaches and tributaries of the Beijiang River in Guangdong have experienced over-warning floods. Among them, five rivers including the Liujiang tributary of Guangxi Luoqing River and the Lujiang tributary of Beijiang River in Guangdong have experienced super-historical floods, causing floods. And secondary geological disasters.

The disaster caused 7.144 million people in 8 provinces (regions) of Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hubei. 54 people were killed, 9 people were missing, 475,000 people were relocated and resettled, and 201,000 people needed emergency life assistance; Nearly 6,700 houses collapsed and 66,000 were damaged to varying degrees; the area affected by crops was 577.5 thousand hectares, of which 625,000 hectares had no harvest; the direct economic loss was 21.06 billion yuan.

  4. Heavy rains and floods in southwest and other places in late June

  From June 20-28, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River experienced two rainfall processes.

Among them, from the 20th to 25th, the area with cumulative rainfall exceeding 100 mm in the above areas reached 330,000 square kilometers. Nanchuan in Chongqing, Huangping and Huishui in Guizhou, and Changning in Hunan reached or exceeded the local historical extreme in June; Chongqing and Sichuan A total of 58 rivers in many provinces including Guizhou and Guizhou have over-warranty floods, 16 rivers have over-protection floods, and 3 small and medium-sized rivers have over-historical floods. The water level and flow of Wucha Station on the Qijiang River in Chongqing ranks first since data are available.

From the 26th to 28th, a new round of heavy rainfall occurred from Sichuan and Chongqing to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the heavy rain area moved northward, including Sichuan Basin, southwestern Chongqing, northern Guizhou, eastern and southwestern Hubei, northern Anhui, central Jiangsu, etc. Heavy rains have occurred successively, with local rainfall reaching 250-300 mm in eastern Sichuan, northern Hubei, and northern Anhui.

Two rounds of rainfall triggered floods and caused 5.978 million people in Sichuan, Guizhou, Chongqing, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, and Hubei provinces (cities) to be affected, 36 people died, 3 people were missing, 249,000 people were urgently transferred and resettled, and 99,000 people were affected. Emergency life assistance is needed; more than 4,100 houses collapsed and 43,000 were damaged to varying degrees; the area of ​​crops affected was 438.6 thousand hectares, of which 48 thousand hectares had no harvest; the direct economic loss was 11.37 billion yuan.

  5. Typhoon Hagupit No. 4 in 2020

  Typhoon No. 4 of 2020 "Hagupit" made landfall on the coast of Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province at around 3:30 on August 4 at near peak intensity. The maximum wind force near the center was 13 (38m/s) when it landed.

Affected by this, the accumulated rainfall in Wenzhou, Taizhou, Jinhua and other places in Zhejiang Province reached 250-350 mm in 3-5 days, and the local area in Yongjia and Yueqing, Wenzhou reached 400-552 mm.

The disaster caused 1.88 million people in 30 counties (cities, districts) in 2 provinces (cities) and 5 cities in Zhejiang and Shanghai, 5 people died, 327,000 people were urgently transferred and resettled, and 12,000 people needed emergency living assistance; more than 4,300 houses collapsed. More than 8,000 rooms were damaged to varying degrees; the affected area of ​​crops was 76.3 thousand hectares, of which 6.3 thousand hectares had no harvest; the direct economic loss was 10.46 billion yuan.

  6. Yunnan Qiaojia magnitude 5.0 earthquake

  At 21:47 on May 18, a magnitude 5.0 earthquake occurred in Qiaojia County (27.18 degrees north latitude, 103.16 degrees east longitude) of Zhaotong City, Yunnan, with a focal depth of 8 kilometers.

The earthquake caused the deaths of 4 people in Qiaojia and Ludian counties in Zhaotong City (2 people in Xiaohe Town, Qiaojia County were killed by a house collapse, 1 in Xindian Town was killed by a rolling stone, and 1 in Lehong Township, Ludian County was killed by a rolling stone. ), 28 people were injured (26 in Qiaojia County, 2 in Ludian County), 1,151 houses were damaged, and the direct economic loss was 101 million yuan.

  7. Xinjiang Jiashi magnitude 6.4 earthquake

  At 21:27 on January 19, a magnitude 6.4 earthquake occurred in Jiashi County (39.83 degrees north latitude, 77.21 degrees east longitude) in Kashgar, Xinjiang, with a focal depth of 16 kilometers. Since then, another magnitude 5.2 aftershock and several 4.0 magnitude earthquakes occurred near the epicenter. Aftershocks above.

The earthquake caused one death, two minor injuries, more than 4,000 houses were damaged to varying degrees, and some roads, bridges, reservoirs and other facilities were damaged, with a direct economic loss of 1.62 billion yuan.

  8. Northeast Typhoon "Three Combo"

  From late August to early September, within two weeks, Typhoon No. 8 "Bavee", Typhoon No. 9 "Mesak" and Typhoon No. 10 "Poseidon" went northward and affected the northeast region in short intervals and affected the altitude of the area. The overlap caused the average precipitation in the northeast region to reach 170.1 millimeters in half a month, three times more than the same period in normal years, which was the highest in history since 1961.

The rainfall brought by the typhoon caused long-term over-alerts in major rivers such as the Nenjiang River, Songhua River and Heilongjiang River. Gale caused large-scale lodging of corn and other crops in Heilongjiang, Jilin and other places, causing direct economic losses of 12.8 billion yuan.

  9. Low temperature and freezing disaster in northwestern China in late April

  On April 19-25, there was a continuous large-scale wind cooling process in North and Northwest China, accompanied by sand and dust weather, including gusts of magnitude 8 or more in northwestern Hebei, central and western Beijing, southeastern Inner Mongolia, and southern central regions. The occurrence time is 24-45 hours, and it is more than 48 hours in southeastern Inner Mongolia. The minimum temperature in parts of Yanggao County and Yungang District of Datong City in Shanxi Province has dropped to -9°C.

Continuous strong wind and low temperature caused large areas of frostbite of fruit trees during fruit-bearing period, damage to the greenhouse, and freezing of vegetables.

The disaster caused 4.323 million people in Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia. The affected area of ​​crops was 530.1 thousand hectares, of which 154.1 thousand hectares had no harvest, and the direct economic loss was 8.2 billion yuan.

  10. Continuous drought in spring and summer in Yunnan

  After the beginning of the spring of 2020, Yunnan’s continued high temperature and low rainfall caused severe droughts. Among them, the southern part of Pu'er and Xishuangbanna had less precipitation by 60% to 80%; the average temperature in the province reached 17°C in March, 1.5°C higher than the same period in normal years, the first in the same period in history. 3 is high, causing shortage of water supply in some cities and difficulty in drinking water for rural people and animals.

At the end of April, rainfall occurred in some areas, and the drought was relieved to a certain extent.

From May 1-14, the province experienced high temperature and low rain again. There were 791 stations with high temperatures above 30°C at 96 sites in the province; the cumulative average precipitation was 8.8 mm, which was 75% less than normal, and the drought developed again.

The disaster caused 5.89 million people in 106 counties (cities, districts) in 16 cities (prefectures) including Yuxi, Zhaotong, and Chuxiong. 1.976 million people needed assistance due to drought, of which 1.566 million people needed assistance due to drought and drinking water; the area affected by crops was 871.7 Thousands of hectares, of which 33.9 thousand hectares were never harvested; 468,000 heads (only) of large livestock with drinking water difficulties; direct economic losses of 3.49 billion yuan.