(Year-end Feature) 2020, China's "First Productive Forces" Fully Launch

  China News Service, Beijing, December 31st, title: 2020, China's "first productive force" is fully developed

  China News Agency reporter Sun Zifa

  Chang'e 5 rushed to the moon to retrieve 1,731 grams of lunar samples, space science "Ultra Eye" binary stars monitored the light of cosmic gravitational waves all-weather, "Struggle" created a new record of 10,909 meters for China's manned deep diving, and the new elevation of Mount Everest was measured 88.886 meters. The large passenger aircraft C919 has entered the certification and test flight stage of the bureau, the "China Sky Eye" has discovered more than 240 pulsars, the "Nine Chapters" quantum computer achieves the "superiority of quantum computing", and the development of five technical routes for the new coronavirus vaccine is simultaneously advanced...

  In the extremely unusual 2020, China's science and technology, the “first productive force”, will focus on the four “faces” (face to the frontiers of world science and technology, face the main economic battlefield, face the major needs of the country, face the people’s life and health) around the land, sea, air and space. Make efforts to support the prevention and control of the epidemic and the resumption of work and production, extensively serve the national economy and people's livelihood, and accelerate the construction of a scientific and technological power.

Data map The Chang'e-5 returner landed safely.

Photo by Wang Jiangbo

  - This year, China's aerospace science and technology achievements are the most eye-catching.

In addition to the successful completion of China's first extraterrestrial celestial body sampling and return mission on the Chang'e-5 mission, and the perfect conclusion of the three-step "circle, fall, and return" of the Chinese lunar exploration project, China's aerospace highlights frequently:

  In May, the Long March 5B carrier rocket developed for the China Space Station project successfully made its first flight, and the return module of China's new-generation manned spacecraft successfully landed in the scheduled area, laying an important foundation for the construction and subsequent operations of the Chinese space station; in June, Beidou Global The final satellite of the networking mission was successfully launched into orbit. One month later, China officially announced that "Beidou-3 global satellite navigation system was officially opened." In July, China's planetary exploration took its first step-the first Mars exploration mission Tianwen 1 The spacecraft was successfully launched, and it is expected to approach Mars in mid-February 2021 for landing preparations; in December, China’s new medium-sized carrier rocket Long March 8 successfully made its maiden flight, which not only fills the gap in sun-synchronous orbit carrying capacity, but also verifies that the carrier rocket can be reused technology.

On December 28, the new crown vaccine prepared at the new crown vaccination site of Hohhot Second Hospital.

Photo by Liu Wenhua

  - This year, China's scientific and technological anti-epidemic achievements have attracted the most attention.

In the face of the sudden new crown epidemic, the Chinese scientific and technological community took urgent actions to carry out scientific research on epidemic prevention and control, isolated the virus strains in the first time, and shared the virus genome sequence with the World Health Organization, providing an important basis for global scientists to carry out related research .

At the same time, the rapid completion of the research and development and industrial application of nucleic acid detection reagents, the formation of the basic pattern of the main drugs including the "three drugs and three prescriptions" of Chinese medicine, and the exploration of the formation of 7 versions of diagnosis and treatment plans and 6 versions of prevention and control plans.

  China has simultaneously promoted 5 technical routes of inactivated vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, adenovirus vector vaccines, attenuated influenza virus vector vaccines and nucleic acid vaccines. In April, the first vaccine was approved to enter phase I and II clinical trials. In June, the world The first phase III clinical trial was initiated and approved for emergency use. By the end of November, more than 1.5 million doses of emergency vaccination of the new crown vaccine were completed for high-risk populations without serious adverse reactions.

At present, 14 vaccines from 5 technical routes in China have entered clinical trials, and 5 vaccines from 3 technical routes have entered phase III clinical trials. Vaccine research and development has always been in the world's first phalanx.

  According to the latest news, the new coronavirus inactivated vaccine of Sinopharm China Bio-Beijing Company has good safety after vaccination. The State Food and Drug Administration has conditionally approved the registration application of the vaccine and can be listed conditionally.

On December 4, 2020, the "China Circulator No. 2 M" (HL-2M) device was undergoing final inspection before plasma discharge.

Photo by Liu Zhongjun

  -This year, China's technological innovation breakthroughs were very significant.

Chinese scientists have successfully constructed the "Nine Chapters" of a 76-photon quantum computing prototype. Its processing speed of "Gaussian Bose sampling" is 100 trillion times faster than the current fastest supercomputer (the "Nine Chapters" task completed in 1 minute, The supercomputer takes about 100 million years), and the speed is 10 billion times faster than the 53 superconducting bit quantum computing prototypes "Plana Bell" released by Google last year, creating the first milestone in China's "quantum computing superiority".

  China's nuclear fusion development has made a major breakthrough. The new generation of "artificial sun" device-China Circulator No. 2 M Device (HL-2M) was completed and realized its first discharge; China fully grasps the manufacturing technology of high-current high-voltage accelerators, Jinping Deep Earth Nuclear The astrophysical accelerator was successfully launched, the beam intensity reached 2 mA, and the comprehensive performance reached the advanced level of similar devices in the world; China’s first-generation neutrino experimental device Daya Bay experiment successfully retreated, opening a new door for the next generation of neutrino research On its basis, the Jiangmen neutrino experiment is intensively constructed and is expected to be completed and put into operation in 2022, which is expected to reveal the mystery of the neutrino mass order.

On January 11, the world’s largest single-aperture radio telescope and a major national scientific and technological infrastructure known as "China’s Sky Eye"—the 500-meter spherical radio telescope (FAST) passed smoothly at the FAST site in Pingtang, Guizhou. National acceptance, officially opened for operation.

The picture shows the panoramic view of "China Sky Eye" taken on the top of a mountain around FAST that day.

Photo by China News Agency reporter Sun Zifa

  —— This year, China's scientific and technological opening up and cooperation went steadily and far-reaching.

China is committed to creating a comprehensive, in-depth, and wide-ranging pattern of open science and technology cooperation. It has established scientific and technological cooperation relations with 161 countries and regions, signed 114 intergovernmental scientific and technological cooperation agreements, and participated in more than 200 international organizations involving science and technology. And multilateral mechanisms.

  China actively participates in and takes the lead in organizing the implementation of major international scientific plans and projects. It actively undertakes project tasks and participates in operations in major international scientific projects and major scientific projects such as the International Thermonuclear Fusion Experimental Reactor, the Square Kilometer Array Radio Telescope, and the International Ocean Discovery. management.

  In the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic, China has established a global open scientific sharing service platform to provide services to users in 175 countries and regions. The cumulative data download has exceeded 160 million times, helping the world fight the epidemic.

  Facing the future, China will deepen scientific and technological opening up and cooperation in all aspects, and more actively integrate into the global innovation network.

The "China Sky Eye" will be open to the whole world from 2021 and become the "World Giant Eye" serving the world.

  -This year, the issue of "stuck neck" was included in China's scientific and technological task list.

In mid-September, at a press conference held by the Information Office of the State Council, Bai Chunli, then president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, bluntly stated that "the problem of "stuck neck" and the list of foreign export controls should be transformed into our task list."

  The Chinese Academy of Sciences has set up three types of pilot projects. Category A is for major national needs, Category B is for the world's leading edge of science and technology, and Category C is cooperating with companies to solve the "stuck neck" problem. Supercomputing systems, network security, processor chips and basic software have been launched8 A category C special project will gather elite forces to organize systematic research and effectively solve a batch of "stuck neck" problems.

  ——In this year, scientific and technological innovation ranked first in China's planning tasks.

In early November, the "Recommendations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and Long-Term Goals for 2035" was formally released, putting scientific and technological innovation at the top of all planning tasks and carrying out special chapter deployment. It has pointed out the way forward for China's scientific and technological work in the future.

  2021 is about to come, and the curtain of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is about to begin. It is hoped that China's "first productive forces" will become more dynamic in the future and create stronger strength.

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