[Keywords: decreased vision]
What can young people do to stay away from myopia
Liu Na is 26 years old and has been wearing glasses for more than ten years.
One day in the fourth grade of elementary school, her mother found her squinting while watching TV and asked her if her eyes were uncomfortable.
I went to the hospital for an examination and found that I was nearsighted.
Although the number of myopia has not increased much in recent years, she has changed more than a dozen pairs of glasses, and the most expensive one has cost more than 3,000 yuan.
Liu Na worked at home during the epidemic this year. She stared at her computer every day and lay and swiped her mobile phone when she was not working. Although she has resumed work, she still plays on her mobile phone until midnight. "Myopia has deepened, so come here and change the lens. ".
In our country, more than 600 million people suffer from myopia.
The "China Eye Health White Paper" issued by the National Health Commission on June 5 shows that the overall myopia rate of children and adolescents in my country is 53.6%, of which 6-year-old children are 14.5%, elementary school students are 36%, junior high school students are 71.6%, high school students are 14.5% 81%, college students 90%.
[Expert suggestion]
Wei Wenbin, Vice President and Director of Ophthalmology Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital:
Myopia is closely related to using eyes at close range for a long time.
Especially during the epidemic, children and adolescents must not only avoid going out, but also learn through online classes, which will undoubtedly lead to the occurrence of myopia or the deepening of myopia.
How do children and adolescents use their eyes reasonably?
Wei Wenbin suggested to avoid using electronic products and watching TV for a long time.
When choosing electronic products, we must adhere to the principle of “narrowing the big, not the small”, and the order of selection is projection, TV, computer, tablet, and mobile phone.
Non-learning use of electronic products does not exceed 15 minutes, and the cumulative total does not exceed 1 hour per day.
After 30 to 40 minutes of online learning, close your eyes to rest or look into the distance for 10 minutes.
Do eye exercises carefully after continuing to use your eyes to fully rest your eyes.
When reading and writing, keep the "three ones", hand one inch away from the pen tip, one foot away from the book, and punch your chest away from the desk.
In addition, we must get rid of bad eye habits.
Do not read or use electronic products while eating or lying in bed. Do not read or write in low light or direct sunlight. Turn on the headlights and desk lamps in the room during reading and writing. The desk lamps should have sufficient and uniform brightness and color temperature. Books and paper Hardcover coated paper should be avoided to reduce the occurrence of glare.
You can set a screensaver wallpaper with a green background to relieve eye fatigue.
Wei Wenbin suggested that elementary school students sleep 10 hours a day, junior high school students 9 hours, and high school students 8 hours.
If children are found to tilt their heads, frequently squint, wink and other abnormal conditions, they should be carefully observed and go to the hospital if necessary.
In April this year, the National Health Commission issued the "Guidelines for the Prevention of Myopia in Children and Adolescents During the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic", which specifically mentioned that outdoor activities are the simplest and most effective way to prevent myopia. Full exposure to sunlight can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of myopia. .
Ensure more than two hours of outdoor activities every day; encourage children and adolescents to walk to and from school, walk out of the classroom between classes, and do outdoor activities after school in the afternoon and complete homework to increase outdoor sunlight exposure.
For children and adolescents who have myopia, Wei Wenbin said that once myopia is diagnosed, he should intervene and wear glasses if his degree is greater than 100 degrees.
"First, we should go to the hospital for identification, distinguish between true myopia, asthenopia and false myopia."
Wei Wenbin reminded that if adults watch electronic screens for a long time, their myopia may continue to deepen and cause fundus diseases.
This is also the most important cause of blindness.
"The deepening of myopia in middle-aged and elderly people may be related to the occurrence and development of cataracts. Therefore, office workers should also pay attention to eye care and perform eye examinations when necessary to avoid delays in treatment."
Guo Xin, Director of School Health, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention:
When reading and writing, choosing a suitable desk is conducive to protecting young people's vision and preventing myopia.
It cannot be replaced by a dining table, dining chair or bed.
Inappropriate tables and chairs will have a great impact on sitting posture and visual distance, leading to diseases such as myopia and curvature of the spine.
Ensure that children and adolescents sit on a chair with their thighs and calves vertical, their backs straight, their upper arms drooping, and their elbows 3-4 cm below the tabletop.
China Youth Daily·China Youth Daily reporter Zhang Manyu Source: China Youth Daily