The whole story of the violation of Nanchong "river beach"

  China News Weekly reporter/Xu Tian

  Published in the 977th issue of China News Weekly on December 21, 2020

  Along the Xiazhongba Bridge and across the Jialing River to the east, Nanchong City, Sichuan Province has been working hard to build a new urban center in the past few years.

  The Northeast Sichuan Financial Center by the river is one of the "100 Major Events" of Nanchong City, with a total planned investment of 20 billion yuan.

The main building has been capped, and the height of 220 meters refreshed the height of all the tall buildings in prefecture-level cities in Sichuan at that time.

Behind the financial center are contiguous communities that are under construction or have been built.

One of the selling points of these newly built communities is that they can overlook the Jialing River.

Since the first plot of land was sold in 2011, the Xiazhongba has made Nanchong's development no longer confined to the mountains and rivers of the old city.

  However, in July this year, this area appeared in the land violation notice issued by the Ministry of Natural Resources.

The Ministry of Natural Resources pointed out that from 2009 to 2017, in order to achieve the purpose of avoiding land acquisition and transfer approval, reducing land costs, and diverting land quotas, Xiazhongba, Qingquanba, Sangshuba and Leizu Temple located along the Nanchong section of the Jialing River In seven dam areas, including Niuduba, Hexiba, and Dujingba, the Nanchong City Government violated the right to confirm 23,800 mu of land as “state-owned river beach land” (including 15,000 mu of arable land), and illegally expropriated more than 7,000 mu of land (including arable land). 6,000 mu), illegally approved the use of more than 3,000 mu of land.

  This is the first case of illegal land grant by a local government that has been directly filed and investigated by the Ministry of Natural Resources since the establishment of the Ministry of Natural Resources, and it was regarded as a "bright sword" operation.

The local government has violated the law in the name of urban development and lasted for eight years, and ultimately cannot escape the accountability, but the problem of the land "tightening curse" of urban development remains to be solved.

Strange clue

  The first clue to the case was discovered by the Chengdu Bureau of National Natural Resources Inspection (hereinafter referred to as Chengdu Inspection Bureau).

  In June 2018, when the Chengdu Inspection Bureau inspected Sichuan Province, it was discovered that a large area of ​​arable land in Nanchong City had already built real estate projects.

When asking the project developer for the relevant formalities, it was found that the other party had a land use right certificate but had not gone through the relevant formalities for the conversion of agricultural land.

The other party's explanation is that this farmland has long been confirmed as state-owned river beach land, and there is no need to go through the procedures in this regard.

  According to the classification of the "Land Management Law", the state's land is divided into three categories: agricultural land, construction land and unused land according to its use.

Cultivated land belongs to agricultural land, while state-owned river beach land is unused land.

Regardless of whether it is agricultural land or unused land, if it is to be converted to construction land, relevant procedures must be passed.

Among them, the procedures for the conversion of agricultural land are more complicated and must be approved by the State Council and the provincial government.

  The Chengdu Inspectorate realized the strangeness.

This piece of land in Nanchong City has been collectively cultivated by farmers for many years.

In the second national land survey conducted more than ten years ago, this piece of land was also registered as cultivated land, and the relevant village collectives also held land contractual management rights certificates.

Under this circumstance, why is the right to be a state-owned river beach?

As the main body of land right confirmation, what role does Nanchong City Government play?

  In order to solve the doubt, the Chengdu Supervisory Bureau retrieved all the similar documents for confirmation of rights in Nanchong City over the years. After checking one by one, they found that there were more than one similar operation methods: Xiazhongba, Qingquanba, and Sangshuba along the Nanchong section of the Jialing River. The seven dam areas, including Leizu Temple, Niuduba, Hexiba, and Dujingba, all have the problem of being identified as "state-owned floodplains", covering an area of ​​23,800 mu.

  An important background of this inspection is that on April 26, 2018, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and President of the State, hosted a symposium on the in-depth promotion of the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in Wuhan, once again emphasizing "to protect together and not to engage in large-scale development." Concept.

  In an interview with China News Weekly, Chengdu Inspection Bureau recalled that they quickly put forward rectification opinions on Nanchong City and conducted on-site supervision.

In December of that year, the Nanchong Municipal Government issued the "Notice on Revocation of the "Notice of the Nanchong Municipal People's Government on Confirming the Area of ​​State-Owned River Beach Below the Annual Flood Discharge Line of the Sangshu Dam Section of the Jialing River" and other documents, revoking the confirmation of these seven dam areas file.

  However, after the affirmation of rights is revoked, where will the land in the seven dam areas go?

In the two dam areas that have already been developed and constructed, how to make up for the skipped agricultural land conversion procedures?

The Nanchong City Government did not propose further plans.

The accountability is not in place either. The documents to confirm the rights of the river beaches were issued by the municipal government. However, the Nanchong Discipline Inspection Commission only made a decision on accountability and accountability for officials below the county level and did not involve officials at the city level.

Obviously, the first round of self-rectification did not touch the core of the problem.

  In January 2019, the Chengdu Supervision Bureau made a special report to the Ministry of Natural Resources, and the leaders of the Ministry requested the Enforcement Bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources to conduct a preliminary verification of the matter.

The investigation team leader of the case recalled to China News Weekly that at that time, he and his colleagues went to Nanchong to verify the basic facts. They quickly confirmed that this was a government-led land violation case.

The area is large, involving 23,800 acres of land, with a long time span and complicated internal issues.

  According to the procedure, after returning to Beijing, the Law Enforcement Bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources organized a meeting of relevant departments and bureaus to repeatedly discuss the next step.

On February 25, 2019, the Ministry of Natural Resources decided to send eight people from the Law Enforcement Bureau, the Right Confirmation and Registration Bureau, the Space Planning Bureau, the Farming Protection Department and the Chengdu Inspection Bureau to form a joint investigation team to formally go to Nanchong to conduct an investigation.

  In April 2019, a schematic diagram (right) and a real map of the location of the Sangshuba river beach in Nanchong City.

More than 1,000 mu of collective land in Sangshuba has been confirmed as state-owned river beach land.

Picture/Nanchong City Natural Resources and Planning Bureau

Avoid the "agricultural conversion" process

  After the joint investigation team arrived in Nanchong, with the collection of materials, seminars and individual talks, the causes and consequences of the incident surfaced.

  The roots can be traced back to a paper plan more than ten years ago.

In 2004, the "Urban Master Plan of Nanchong City (2003-2020)" or "Sixth Round of Urban Planning" was approved by the Sichuan Provincial Government.

At this time, the built-up area of ​​Nanchong is 110.57 square kilometers, of which 50.5 square kilometers are under the jurisdiction of the city.

The registered population of the city is 7.24 million, of which 669,000 live in the three districts under the jurisdiction of the city.

The pattern of urban mountains and rivers and the current situation of more people and less land make this version of the plan put forward: "Take the river as the axis, extend from the north to the south, cross the river to the east, and develop along the river."

  The seven dam areas along the Nanchong section of the Jialing River, including Xiazhongba and Qingquanba, are in the direction of "crossing the river to the east", and therefore have entered a period of rapid land development or reserve development.

  In 2006, the new government team of Nanchong City was formed to promote urban construction in accordance with the "Sixth Round of Urban Planning", and the development of Xiazhongba started first.

Two years later, the Nanchong City Government tried to attract investment for the Xiazhongba land improvement project, but failed.

In July 2009, the Nanchong Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government decided to officially start the development and construction of the Xiazhongba, and set up a leading group and headquarters under the leadership of the mayor and deputy mayor.

  However, as a non-provincial capital city in the western region, Nanchong City is facing a certain degree of land index dilemma.

  The Land Management Law has been promulgated for ten years, and the procedures for converting agricultural land to construction land have been very standardized.

According to regulations, the Ministry of Land and Resources at this time will issue annual agricultural land conversion plan indicators. After the provinces receive the indicators, they will be allocated to cities in the province as appropriate.

Since 2006, as the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" outline pointed out that the red line of 1.8 billion acres of arable land must be maintained, the Ministry of Land and Resources has increasingly strict control over the procedures for conversion of agricultural land.

Looking at the situation in 2006, 4.93 million mu of new construction land was added that year, which was 25% less than the average annual new construction land during the Tenth Five-Year Plan.

  The new construction land is under control, but the local development thinking has not changed. The inertial thinking of "land finance" still exists, so many places have insufficient indicators.

Taking 2011 as an example, the total land supply plan nationwide was 6.7 million mu. As of August of that year, the planned use of the national plan accounted for more than 80% of the year. Among them, the use rate of indicators in 17 provinces reached 90%, and 12 All provinces have exhausted their annual plan targets.

In September of that year, 28 provinces had already submitted applications for additional land use plan targets, with the total amount exceeding 4 million mu, equivalent to two-thirds of the already issued targets.

  In addition, local cities have a complex process for converting agricultural land into construction land in accordance with regulations, ranging from one to two years to three to five years, and it is necessary to pay for the balance of quotas, as well as the paid use of new construction land. Fees etc.

  Guo Xixiao, deputy director of the Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Nanchong City, told China News Weekly that according to the investigation, the leadership of Nanchong City at that time chose to take a shortcut mainly because of the multiple considerations above. The confirmed right is a state-owned river beach.

State-owned river beach land as unused land, if it is converted to construction land, it will be much simpler than the conversion of collective land to agriculture. It not only avoids the indicator dilemma of conversion from agriculture to agriculture, but also avoids the time cost and capital that will be spent, and can quickly move forward. Development and construction of Zhongba.

  In September 2009, the Nanchong Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources wrote to the Municipal Water Affairs Bureau, requesting the counterparty to provide annual flood level data for the Lower Middle Dam.

Subsequently, the Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources proposed to determine the scope of state-owned river beaches based on this data.

The Nanchong Municipal Government issued to the three district governments of Shunqing, Jialing, and Gaoping (Xiazhongba is located at the junction of the three districts) the "Notice on the Area of ​​River Beach."

  Paradoxically, although the three district governments did not reply, the municipal government, the three district governments, and related units all tacitly agreed that the right confirmation was completed.

So far, 3895.8 acres of land in Xiazhongba have been confirmed as state-owned river beach land, of which 3,570.61 acres of collective land (2,879 acres of arable land).

  In fact, according to laws and regulations, this process of determining rights can be described as full of errors and omissions.

According to the "Several Provisions for Determining Land Ownership and Use Rights" promulgated by the State Land Management Bureau in 1995, "The land within the river embankment and the embankment outside the embankment, and the land under the highest flood level in the history of the river without embankment or below the designed flood level, Except for those that have been allocated to farmers during the land reform, the state has not requisitioned them, and so far are still collectively used by farmers, they belong to the state."

  However, the Xiazhongba has been confirmed as state-owned river beach land, and its use and nature are very clear.

Previously, most of the ownership of the area belonged to the village collective and held the ownership certificate.

For the cultivated land, local farmers also hold land contract management rights certificates.

In the second national land survey, this part of land was also managed as cultivated land.

  Before heading to Nanchong, the investigation team sent a coordinate location to the National Land Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources and asked them to retrieve satellite images of the relevant area in the past ten years.

The picture clearly shows that these places used to be agricultural land, but they were later changed and developed.

  To confirm the ownership of collective land as state-owned river beach land, the starting point of the Nanchong Municipal Government's confirmation of rights was wrong.

There are also many problems in the basis and process of right confirmation.

The Xiazhong Dam was built in December 2004, and the flood level has changed.

However, the flood level data provided by the Nanchong City Water Affairs Bureau is the data when no flood control embankment was built, and the latter helps to confirm a larger area of ​​land as state-owned river beach land.

In addition, in accordance with relevant regulations, the municipal government issued a confirmation notice, and the district and county governments should reply to form a closed loop.

However, in this case, none of the three district governments responded, but all parties acquiesced that the confirmation of rights had been completed.

  In addition to the Xiazhong Dam, six other dam areas, including Qingquan Dam and Sangshu Dam, from 2009 to 2014, followed this procedure to complete the confirmation of state-owned river beach land rights. Seven dam areas violated regulations and confirmed rights. 23,800 acres of river beach land.

  In the course of the investigation, an official who was involved in the matter explained to the investigation team that they were simply confirming the rights of state-owned river beaches, not to circumvent the "agricultural conversion" process.

However, the evidence collected by the investigation team quickly explained it "face-slapped".

  The Qingquan Dam was confirmed in 2010. At the beginning, the Municipal Water Affairs Bureau provided flood level data, and the land area below the flood level was relatively small.

The investigation team found that the municipal government personally coordinated at that time, which caused the Municipal Water Affairs Bureau to provide the flood level for the second time, which raised the flood level by about two meters. The state-owned river beach land after confirmation was able to be combined with the land parcels that were legally approved in the early stage. one slice.

The investigation team also found that another side evidence of the purpose of declaring rights is that the boundaries of state-owned river beaches after Xiazhongba’s rights are confirmed are basically consistent with the planning scope of this area in the sixth round of urban planning adopted in 2004. Fit.

Later, the development and construction of the Xiazhong Dam also fell within this range.

Obviously, all the right to affirmation points to a clear development purpose.

Approval for land acquisition for "small horse-drawn cart"

  One week after the joint investigation team went to Nanchong to investigate, a piece of written evidence appeared, which determined the course of the case.

  Earlier, the investigation team made an investigation outline, dividing the work of the eight members. Some went to the site to investigate, some went to the government to check the meeting minutes and other files, and some went to the Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision to find out the situation.

Everyone went out during the day, discussed at night, and wrote investigation reports.

In this process, group discussions or individual conversations will be held again, and details that have not yet been clarified will be further checked for omissions.

  A land acquisition announcement came into the attention of the investigation team.

The land acquisition announcement was issued by the Nanchong Municipal Government in October and November 2009, and the location involved was the Xiazhong Dam, which was confirmed as a state-owned river beach two months ago.

For the Nanchong City Government, this area has been confirmed as state-owned river beach land, that is, state-owned land. There is no need to go through the process of agricultural conversion, and there is no need to go through the process of land acquisition for village collectives and farmers.

However, Nanchong City decided to enjoy only half of the dividends brought about by this incident, and no longer apply to the province for approval of the procedures for agricultural conversion, but still proceed with the land acquisition process for farmers.

  A member of the investigation team explained to China News Weekly that the confirmation of the right of the river beach only nominally makes the seven dam areas state-owned.

But in fact, these lands have been farmed and lived by farmers for generations, and a notice of confirmation of the rights is absolutely impossible for the farmers to move away and give the land in hand to the city government.

In other words, confirming the right of the river beach is only a strategy for the higher-level departments, which can bypass the transfer approval process.

In the face of farmers, it is useless to confirm the right of the river beach.

Only through compensation for land expropriation can the land held by farmers be taken from the practical level.

  If you want to requisition land, you must have relevant approvals at the provincial level or the State Council.

According to the announcement, the land acquisition is based on four documents issued by the Sichuan Provincial Government and the Provincial Department of Land and Resources to acquire part of the land in Nanmenba Community, Gaoping Village, and Miaoerzui Village in Nanchong City.

However, the investigation team is clear that Nanchong City will not take the road of “confirming the right of the river beach” if it obtains the formal approval.

Sure enough, after checking the four documents, the investigation team found that although Sichuan Province approved Nanchong City to develop and build the Xiazhongba, the area was not as large as the land acquisition announcement indicated.

These approval documents "small horse-drawn carts" became the basis for Nanchong City's land acquisition of the Xiazhong Dam.

  In April 2019, the Qingquan Dam in Nanchong City was under construction.

16,19.36 acres of collective land in Qingquanba has been confirmed as state-owned river beach land, some of which have been developed and constructed.

Picture/Nanchong City Natural Resources and Planning Bureau

  The land acquisition announcement involved groups 4, 5, 6, and 7 of Gaoping Village. Yan Qiang (a pseudonym) was a team leader at the time. He recalled to China News Weekly, although he had read the land acquisition announcement and the interim measures for compensation and resettlement. , But I have not seen the land acquisition scope map approved by Sichuan Province, and I have never doubted in my heart, "The city government documents, the people will not suspect that it is a lie."

  According to Yan Qiang, the older generation in the village has been farming on the river beach for decades, including his parents.

However, by 2009, young people in the village preferred to go out to work and earn money, and the land was mostly used to grow vegetables for their own food.

  At that time, the house price in Nanchong City was about 2,000 yuan per square meter, and compensation for land acquisition was implemented in accordance with this standard.

A villager in Group 7 of Gaoping Village told China News Weekly that he was very happy to receive this compensation.

As far as he knows, only one household did not agree on the compensation price and worked as a nail household for a period of time, and then moved out of the village. Five or six years later, he moved into the relocation house with everyone.

From beginning to end, he had never heard that this land had been confirmed as a state-owned river beach, nor did he know that the city government illegally granted land.

  According to the inspection by the inspection team, 7482.78 mu of land was actually acquired in the Xiazhongba area, of which 3840.1 mu of land has not been approved for land acquisition, involving 2960.19 mu of cultivated land.

  In those years, the "small horse-drawn cart" land acquisition official documents appeared more than once, and it was not limited to these seven areas that were confirmed as river beaches.

Some villagers discovered something wrong with the official document at the time of land acquisition.

Hongqiba Village is located in Dujingba. Several village groups were expropriated in 2011, but they were not within the scope of illegal land expropriation notified by the Ministry of Natural Resources.

A villager in Hongqiba village told China News Weekly that he had seen the details of the scope of land requisition approved by the Sichuan Provincial Government and found that the area of ​​land involved in their village group was less than 1 mu. However, only his family’s land was requisitioned. There are 2 acres.

  However, Nanchong City has made great efforts in land acquisition.

Although the official document was "small horse-drawn cart", most villagers were more satisfied with the compensation.

Therefore, the land has actually been transferred to the municipal government.

During the investigation, someone once explained to the investigation team that the money received by the villagers was not compensation for land acquisition, but because the right to state-owned river beach land was confirmed. The city had to issue a compensation to the villagers on the land. Prove that the municipal government did not carry out illegal land acquisition.

However, several files found by the investigation team show that the three dam areas of Xiazhongba, Qingquanba, and Sangshuba have all issued land acquisition announcements, and the relevant leaders of the municipal government have signed and sealed them.

There is no way to refute it.

  In the end, the joint investigation team determined that from 2009 to 2014, Nanchong City ignored the fact that a large amount of land did not obtain land acquisition approvals in accordance with the law, ignored the relevant regulations on land acquisition, and knew that it did not have the authority to approve land acquisition, and still approved the acquisition illegally. The three areas of Zhongba, Qingquanba, and Sangshuba have a total of 7748.24 mu of collective land, including 6007.83 mu of arable land.

  As of the investigation conducted by the Ministry of Natural Resources in 2019, 3212.31 mu of the illegally acquired land had been developed and constructed.

In addition, 114.93 mu of state-owned agricultural land and 11.85 mu of state-owned unused land were approved for use by Nanchong City Government without authorization.

A total of 24 cases of 3,235.23 mu of land were supplied as state-owned construction land.

  The investigation team also found that even in the process of approving the land transfer, Nanchong City has illegal activities.

Even if the unused land of state-owned river beaches is to be turned into state-owned construction land, approval by the Sichuan Provincial Government is required, and the Nanchong City Government team at that time approved the supply without authorization.

In this regard, Guo Xixiao, deputy director of the Nanchong Municipal Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning, told China News Weekly that according to their internal investigations, they believed that the unused land was state-owned land and could be directly provided for land, and it was not clear that this set was necessary. Approval process.

At present, after rectification, relevant mechanisms have been established.

  The investigation team also learned that the illegal approval of the use of land lasted from 2009 to 2017. The members of the municipal government team changed back and forth. Later officials may not know that the land was illegally acquired in the early stage. When the land was approved, it did not investigate deeply. Ownership signed and agreed, and this possibility was not ruled out.

Rectification and accountability

  In response to this case, the joint investigation team of the Ministry of Natural Resources conducted a two-week investigation in Nanchong.

In April 2019, the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Sichuan Provincial Department of Natural Resources formally initiated a joint investigation and punishment of the illegal land grant of Nanchong City Government.

  This is the first case of illegal land grant by a local government since the Ministry of Natural Resources was listed.

The leader of the investigation team told China News Weekly that on the one hand, the case involved a very large area of ​​land and there was a large amount of cultivated land; on the other hand, it was also because the confirmation of river beach rights and illegal land grants were not isolated cases in the country.

  The relevant person in charge of the Law Enforcement Bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources pointed out in the notification of the case, “Some places lack sufficient understanding of the seriousness and harmfulness of such problems. Some places believe that the crux of the problem is that the “river beach” has not been directly used for approval. Land supply, even thinking that this approach is an effective way for local governments to solve the land use problem under tight planning conditions. Therefore, the investigation and handling of this case can sound alarm bells for all localities."

  The investigation came to an end. The Nanchong City Government’s land illegal facts have become clearer. The next question is: a lot of land has been developed and constructed, how to rectify it?

The relevant leaders who made the decision at that time had already changed, how to be held accountable?

  In December 2018, during the rectification and reform of Nanchong City, the Nanchong City Government issued a notice, revoking the previous city government's document that the seven dam areas were confirmed as state-owned river beaches.

However, the investigation team believes that the revocation of the affirmation is only a documentary act, and only the return of undeveloped and constructed land to relevant collective organizations and the implementation of agricultural land for agricultural use is a substantial rectification.

  Among the seven dam areas, the four dam areas of Leizu Temple, Dujingba, Niuduba, and Hexiba total 17,023.13 acres of land, which were confirmed as state-owned river beach land by the municipal government from 2011 to 2014, but it was only a documentary act , Land acquisition, land supply, development and construction have never been carried out.

The rectification of this situation is relatively simple. The farmers on these lands have been cultivating for many years, and they did not even know that the land they contracted was once confirmed as state-owned river beach land, and now the ownership has returned to the village collective.

  The situation in the other three dam areas is more complicated.

The entire land of Sangshuba, as well as some of the land of Xiazhongba and Qingquanba, has been expropriated but not actually developed and constructed, totaling 4,535.93 mu.

During the rectification and reform, Nanchong City transferred this part of the land to the local collective economic organization to ensure agricultural land use.

However, according to "China News Weekly", in the land acquisition that year, the villagers have received resettlement compensation, and some villagers have also moved out.

In this case, how the farmland is used for farming is still unknown.

  The most difficult thing is that the Xiazhongba, Qingquanba and 3,339.09 acres of land have been actually developed and constructed, and "raw rice has been made into cooked rice."

Among them, there are at least 19 commercial residential land with 1,506.87 mu and 3 commercial service land with 242.41 mu.

Among them, the landmark building of Nanchong City Northeast Sichuan Financial Center is here, covering an area of ​​61.15 acres.

  Since the land that has been actually developed and constructed is on the banks of the Jialing River, the investigation team has made multiple considerations.

They invited relevant state departments to discuss whether the land within the scope of development and construction complies with regulations on river management and flood control.

The Sichuan Provincial Department of Natural Resources also organized experts twice to demonstrate the development positioning, ecological environment, and flood control safety of relevant plots.

It was finally determined that these plots were not within the “three lines and one single” ecological red line determined by the strategic environmental assessment of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, nor within the river course, and did not cause significant impact on flood safety and the surrounding ecological environment of the dam area.

  Considering that most of the houses on these lands have been built and sold, if demolishing will cause social unrest, according to Article 69 of the "Administrative Licensing Law", "Revocation of an administrative license may cause major damage to the public interest, it will not be revoked." It is stipulated that the Nanchong Municipal Government will hold an executive meeting in mid-to-late November 2019 to decide that the relevant approval documents for the more than 3,000 acres of land will not be revoked, but all procedures for land acquisition must be made up.

  Guo Xixiao told China News Weekly that Nanchong City spent about 500 million yuan to repurchase the increase-decrease linkage and the balance index for related land that did not meet the land plan. At present, the relevant procedures for land acquisition have been fully completed and obtained Land use approval from the Sichuan Provincial Government.

Guo Xixiao introduced that by the end of 2019, the rectification work has been completed.

  After the investigation of the case was completed, the joint investigation team transferred the case to the Sichuan Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision, where the responsible personnel were held accountable.

According to the report, 8 provincial officials and 35 non-provincial officials involved in the case were held accountable.

  In the name of river beaches, the problem of arable land occupation by scouring the border has attracted a certain degree of attention in the mountainous and watery Sichuan Province and other provinces in the country.

The leader of the investigation team told China News Weekly that after the case, Sichuan Province cleaned up and investigated the problem of illegally confirming “river beaches” across the province.

The Nanchong Municipal Government also proposed that to "learn deeply from the painful lessons of the city's "river beach" issue, learn a lesson from one another and draw inferences from one another", it is necessary to standardize the preliminary work of land transfer.

  China News Weekly, Issue 47, 2020

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