Accelerate the transformation of government functions (study and implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party)
The “Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for 2035” adopted by the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made important arrangements for accelerating the transformation of government functions and provided a comprehensive Strengthening government construction and improving the national administrative system pointed out the direction and provided guidelines for action.
We must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, in-depth study and comprehend the significance of accelerating the transformation of government functions, earnestly implement the goals and tasks of accelerating the transformation of government functions, and provide an important guarantee for starting a new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country.
1. Accelerate the transformation of government functions and build a government governance system with clear responsibilities and administration according to law
Transforming government functions is the core of deepening the reform of the administrative system.
Since the reform and opening up, especially since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the profound changes and continuous optimization of government functions have played an important role in liberating and developing productive forces, promoting sustained and healthy economic development, and enhancing social fairness and justice.
Facing the new era and new mission, we must accelerate the transformation of government functions and build a government governance system with clear responsibilities and administration according to law.
(1) Focus on promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities and accelerate the transformation of government functions.
The government is one of the main bodies of national governance.
To promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, the government's organizational structure must be optimized, so that the establishment of government institutions is more scientific, functions are more optimized, and powers and responsibilities are more coordinated.
This requires speeding up the transformation of government functions, optimizing the government responsibility system, straightening out the relationship between departments, and constantly improving the government's economic regulation, market supervision, social management, public services, ecological environmental protection and other functions, and resolutely overcoming the dislocation, offside, and absence of government functions. Phenomenon, comprehensively improve government effectiveness, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities.
(2) Focus on building a high-level socialist market economy system and accelerate the transformation of government functions.
The core of building a high-level socialist market economy is to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market, so that the market can play a decisive role in the allocation of resources, and the government can better play its role.
This requires grasping the key to accelerating the transformation of government functions, better combining effective markets and promising governments, more respecting the general laws of the market economy, and minimizing direct government allocation of market resources and direct intervention in microeconomic activities. Vigorously protect and stimulate the vitality of market entities; at the same time, continue to innovate and improve macro-control, effectively make up for market failures, focus on promoting the formation of a new development pattern, and strive to achieve higher quality, more efficient, fairer, more sustainable and safer development of.
(3) Focus on building a service-oriented government that satisfies the people and accelerate the transformation of government functions.
Serving the people is the fundamental purpose of our party and the fundamental purpose of governments at all levels.
At present, the main social contradiction in our country has been transformed into a contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and insufficient development. The people have more new expectations for a better life.
This requires accelerating the transformation of government functions in a more prominent position, adhere to the people-centered development thinking, continuously optimize government services, create a good development environment, grasp the most direct and practical interests of the people, and vigorously guarantee and improve People's livelihood, promote social fairness and justice, and let the people have more sense of gain, happiness, and security.
(4) Accelerate the transformation of government functions around the in-depth promotion of administration according to law.
Governments at all levels, as the executive organs of state power organs, bear the important responsibility of implementing laws and regulations. They must adhere to administration according to law, promote the construction of a government under the rule of law, and let power operate under the sun.
This requires speeding up the transformation of government functions, advancing the legalization of institutions, functions, powers, procedures, and responsibilities, advancing the standardization and legalization of government powers at all levels, strengthening the restriction and supervision of administrative power, and further improving the ability of government staff to manage according to law. When the statutory duties must be done, and the law cannot be authorized, we must resolutely correct inactions and chaotic actions, resolutely overcome lazy and negligent administration, and ensure that all government tasks are fully promoted on the track of the rule of law.
2. Deepen the reform of streamlining administration and delegating power, combining decentralization, and optimizing service, and continuously optimizing the market-oriented, legalized, international business environment
Streamlining administration, delegating power, delegating power, combining decentralization, and optimizing service reforms are the "bull nose" that promotes the transformation of government functions. It is a profound change from concept to system. We must always adhere to goal orientation and problem orientation, and show greater courage and more The measures to break down deep-level institutional barriers, simplify administration and delegate power to more stimulate market vitality and social creativity, combine decentralization and management to effectively maintain a fair and competitive market order, optimize services to increase convenience for market entities and the masses, and accelerate the establishment of a world-class Business environment.
(1) Fully implement the government's power and responsibility list system.
On the basis of the "three fixed" regulations of government departments, compiling and publishing a list of powers and responsibilities to further clarify the boundaries of government functions is an important measure to promote better performance of government departments.
It is necessary to focus on promoting the optimization and coordination of the functions of state institutions, speed up the compilation of the State Council's departmental powers and responsibilities list, and improve the powers and responsibilities of the three-level government departments of provinces, cities and counties.
Systematically sort out the powers and responsibilities of the departments of the State Council, and clarify the subjects, names of powers and responsibilities, setting basis, and methods of performance of responsibilities, etc. item by item to ensure truthfulness, accuracy and completeness.
Standardize the rights and responsibilities of government departments at all levels, formulate and improve handling guidelines and operational flowcharts one by one, clarify the main body of each link, handling standards, handling time limits, supervision methods, etc., and improve the standardization level of administrative power operation.
The list of powers and responsibilities must be announced to the public, and in accordance with laws and regulations, the status of reform, abolition, and adjustment of institutions and functions, etc., timely and dynamic adjustments, and continuous improvement of the functional system of national institutions.
(2) Continue to optimize the market-oriented legalized international business environment.
The business environment is the soil for the survival and development of enterprises.
In recent years, China's business environment has improved significantly, and it has received widespread attention and praise at home and abroad.
As my country enters a new stage of development, it is necessary to further deepen reforms to optimize the business environment, focus on the concerns of market players, accelerate the pace of reforms in key links and important areas, and stimulate the vitality of market players.
Adhere to the direction of market-oriented reforms, further relax market access, fully implement the negative list system for market access, lower the threshold for employment and entrepreneurship, simplify the approval and conditions for enterprise production and operation, and improve the convenience of investment and construction.
Improve the legal environment for fair competition among various market players, ensure the effective implementation of the Civil Code, fully implement the "Regulations on Optimizing the Business Environment," insist on treating companies registered in China equally, and equally protect the property rights of state-owned, private, foreign-owned and other enterprises in accordance with the law And independent management rights, strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights, strengthen the accountability of untrustworthy government affairs, and build a pro-Qing political and business relationship.
Improve the business environment by benchmarking with international first-class standards, strengthen the connection with internationally accepted economic and trade rules, promote the institutional opening of rules, regulations, management, standards, and improve foreign investment promotion, protection and service systems, and promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, Promote reform, development and innovation through opening up.
(3) Implement the management of the list of business license items related to enterprises.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, through the continuous deepening of the reform of the administrative examination and approval system, the administrative licensing items of the State Council have been reduced by 47%, effectively reducing the institutional transaction costs of investment, trade, entrepreneurship and innovation.
At present, there are more than 1,200 administrative licenses set at the central level, and there are still many licensing items at the local level. These items must be analyzed and demonstrated in depth one by one, and reforms should be promoted by classification.
Continue to vigorously clean up and consolidate the repeated approvals implemented by multiple departments and at multiple levels. In principle, one category of matters shall be coordinated by one department and one department shall be responsible in principle, avoid multiple management, and strictly prevent approval in disguise.
Continue to systematically sort out unnecessary interventions in microeconomic activities and permit items that can be transferred from pre-approval to mid-event and post-event supervision. All cancellations will be cancelled.
Implement the reform of "separation of licenses and licenses" for business license matters related to enterprises, and vigorously promote the "reduction of licenses after licenses", examination and approval reforms, and notification and commitment systems.
Include all reserved business license items related to enterprises into the list management, itemize item names, setting basis, approval department, etc. item by item. The list must be adjusted and updated regularly and announced to the public. Outside the list, it is not allowed to violate regulations to restrict enterprises from entering related fields or Industry, and further expand the autonomy of business operations.
(4) Strengthen supervision during and after the event.
Only by managing well can we let go. While streamlining administration and delegating power, supervision during and after the incident must be kept up and managed in place.
We must always adhere to the combination of decentralization and decentralization, and transfer more administrative resources from pre-approval to strengthening in-process and post-event supervision, and further change the administrative management methods such as emphasizing approval over supervision, and "management by batch", and consolidate regulatory responsibilities. Enhance the effectiveness of supervision and ensure that decentralization is not chaotic, managed and orderly.
Accelerate the improvement of the entire process and the entire chain of supervision system, so that supervision covers all links of production, circulation and consumption. In-process supervision must be dynamic monitoring, timely warning, and effective prevention and resolution of risks; post-event supervision must be traceable, verify, correct and punish Violations of laws and regulations, and on this basis, promote the improvement of relevant regulatory rules and standards.
Innovate supervision methods, comprehensively promote "double random, one open" supervision and "Internet + supervision", accelerate the construction of a social credit system, and use new technologies such as blockchain and big data to improve the level of smart supervision, which is directly related to public safety and the people. Strict supervision is implemented in special key areas such as life and health to strictly observe the bottom line of quality and safety.
Establish and improve systems such as punitive damages and huge fines to enhance the deterrence of supervision and control, so as to "do nothing without disturbing" the law-abiding parties and "hang the sword" to the offenders.
(5) To implement inclusive and prudent supervision of new industries and new formats.
In recent years, through the in-depth implementation of innovation-driven development strategies, new industries and new formats have flourished.
According to statistics, the added value of new industries, new formats and new business models accounted for 16.3% of GDP in 2019.
After the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the response to the epidemic has spawned and promoted the rapid development of many new industries and new formats.
New industries and new formats should adhere to the principle of inclusive and prudent supervision, which not only encourages innovation, leaves enough space for the growth of new industries and new formats, and constantly cultivates new growth momentum, but also effectively guarantees safety, cannot let it go, and guides the standardized and healthy development of new industries and new formats.
It is necessary to strengthen research on the law of development of new things, innovate regulatory standards and models, and prevent simple application of old methods and avoid "one size fits all."
For those who are accurate and have development prospects, support and encourage them to expand application scenarios.
Set a certain "observation period" for those who are unclear at the moment, and promptly guide or deal with problems that arise.
Strictly implement supervision for those with high potential risks and serious adverse consequences.
Those who operate illegally shall be investigated and punished according to law.
At the same time, we should sum up experience in a timely manner, normalize regulatory measures that have proven effective in practice, and improve long-term regulatory mechanisms.
3. Improving the pre-evaluation and post-evaluation systems for major policies to improve the level of scientific, democratic, and legal decision-making
To transform government functions, we must focus on continuously improving the quality of administrative decision-making.
It is necessary to improve the system of major administrative decision-making procedures, improve the pre-evaluation and post-evaluation systems of major policies, fully listen to opinions from all parties, prevent and control decision-making risks, and continuously improve the level of scientific, democratic, and legal decision-making.
(1) Improve the pre-evaluation and post-evaluation systems for major policies.
To ensure that the government fully and correctly perform its functions and continuously improve the level of decision-making, it is necessary to improve the pre-evaluation and post-evaluation systems of major policies, and standardize them.
Prior to the introduction of major policies, the statutory procedures for decision-making such as public participation, expert argumentation, risk assessment, legitimacy review, and collective discussion decisions must be performed to fully demonstrate the necessity, feasibility, and scientific nature of the policy, and scientifically and prudently study and judge the expected effects of the policy. All parties respond to ensure that the policy is in line with the central decision-making and deployment, and that the finances are affordable and sustainable in the long term. The policy direction is controlled from the source to prevent arbitrary decision-making.
During policy implementation, it is necessary to closely track and monitor the implementation, timely understand the effect and impact of policy implementation, in-depth analysis of new situations and new problems that have emerged, and adjust and improve relevant policies in a targeted manner to ensure that they achieve expected results.
After the implementation of the policy is completed, it is necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of the goals set by the policy and the actual results achieved, summarize experience and shortcomings, and use the evaluation results as an important basis and reference for formulating relevant policies in the future.
To improve the quality of pre-evaluation and post-evaluation of major policies, it is necessary to combine quantitative and qualitative analysis, quantify as much energy as possible, avoid evaluation for the sake of evaluation, and make the evaluation and evaluation work in-depth and detailed.
(2) Smooth channels for participation in policy formulation.
Ensuring the people to participate in decision-making through multiple channels and forms is an inherent requirement for the transformation of government functions, and is conducive to making policies that accurately reflect the needs of economic and social development and the will of the people.
To formulate major policies related to the overall economic and social development and the immediate interests of the people, it is necessary to adopt various methods such as seminars, hearings, public solicitation of social opinions, and public opinion surveys to solicit opinions and suggestions. Relevant people's organizations, social organizations and representatives of the masses communicate and negotiate.
To formulate policy documents closely related to the production and operation of market entities, it is necessary to actively understand the urgent needs and expectations of market entities, improve the normalized government-enterprise communication mechanism, and listen to the demands and opinions of market entities throughout the entire process.
Improve the opinion research and adoption feedback mechanism, carefully analyze and study the opinions put forward by various parties, absorb and adopt reasonable opinions, and give feedback and explanations in an appropriate manner.
With unobstructed channels for participation in policy formulation, the market entities and the masses' right to know, participate, express, and supervise in policy formulation are effectively guaranteed, so as to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of policies, and improve government execution and credibility.
4. Promote the standardization, standardization and facilitation of government services, and deepen the openness of government affairs
The effect of changing government functions will ultimately be reflected through the improvement of government service capabilities and levels.
It is necessary to further innovate administrative management and service methods, promote the standardization, standardization and facilitation of government services, deepen the disclosure of government affairs, deepen the reform of industry associations, chambers of commerce and intermediary institutions, and strive to create a good business environment for market entities and the masses.
(1) Promote the standardization, standardization and facilitation of government services.
It is necessary to focus on providing more high-quality and efficient government services, continuously improve the efficiency and service level of the government, and bring better government service experience to the people.
Accelerate the unification of government service standards, formulate a standardized work process for public government service items, and promote the "four levels and four sameness" of the same item name, code, basis, and type in the country, province, city, and county, so as to realize the same item undifferentiated acceptance, The same standards apply.
Promote the standardized operation of government services, standardize administrative approval behaviors, optimize the window layout and services of government service halls at all levels, sort out and reengineer government service processes, fully implement the "good and bad evaluation" system of government services, and allow market entities and the masses to judge the performance of government services .
Enhance the level of facilitation of government services, accelerate the implementation of high-frequency government service items across provinces, strengthen cross-regional, cross-departmental, and cross-level business collaboration and information sharing, and promote more government service items "one thing once" and "online We will continue to improve offline service functions such as “one-stop” convenience service points, and strive to solve the problem of “multiple places and back-and-forth running” of market entities and the masses, and reduce social operating costs .
(2) Deepen the openness of government affairs.
Open government affairs is an effective means to promote the transformation of government functions and make government management services more transparent and standardized.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the work of open government affairs has achieved new results, the breadth and depth of open government affairs have been steadily expanded, the institutional system has become increasingly complete, and its functions have been continuously enhanced.
We must persist in taking openness as the normal and non-openness as the exception, and use institutional arrangements to make government affairs public throughout the entire process of government affairs operations, comprehensively promote decision-making, execution, management, service, and result disclosure, and promote implementation, regulation, and service through openness.
Steadily promote the construction of a unified government information disclosure platform, strengthen the disclosure of key government information such as administrative regulations, rules, and regulatory documents, so as to facilitate public inquiry and access, and promote the effective implementation of the system.
Accelerate the establishment of an information disclosure system for public enterprises and institutions, focusing on promoting information disclosure in the fields of education, health, public utilities and other people's livelihoods.
Comprehensively promote the standardization and standardization of open government affairs at the grassroots level, improve the standard system for open government affairs at the grassroots level, and promote the openness and transparency of grassroots administrative affairs.
Strengthen and improve policy release interpretation response work, pay more attention to the substantive interpretation of the policy background, the purpose of the release, important measures, etc., strengthen the response to government affairs and public opinion, and ensure that the response to major emergencies and social hotspots is not lost or missing .
(3) Deepen the reform of industry associations, chambers of commerce and intermediary agencies.
Industry associations, chambers of commerce and intermediary agencies are important bridges between the government, the market and the society.
In accordance with the requirements for accelerating the transformation of government functions, further clarify the boundary between the government and industry associations and chambers of commerce, comprehensively promote the decoupling reform of industry associations, chambers of commerce and administrative agencies, cut off the interest chain, and encourage industry associations and chambers of commerce to participate in the formulation and revision of relevant standards and policy documents. Promote self-discipline of industry enterprises, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of industry enterprises, promote independent operation, orderly competition, and optimized development of industry associations and chambers of commerce, so that they can truly become modern social organizations that are autonomous by law.
We will rectify "red-top intermediaries" in accordance with the law, relax access to intermediary agencies, eliminate service monopoly, standardize charging behavior, improve intermediary service practice rules and management systems, and accelerate the establishment of an open and transparent intermediary service market.
By making better use of the role of industry associations, chambers of commerce and intermediary agencies, it will be more convenient to invest and start businesses and help entrepreneurship and innovation.
Xiao Jie