Chinanews client, Beijing, November 14th (Reporter Zhang Ni) Today is "United Nations Diabetes Day".
Every 6 seconds in the world, one person dies from diabetes. The number of diabetic patients in China has ranked first in the world, and the total prevalence of diabetes in adults is 12.8%... Diabetes, the "silent killer", has seriously endangered people’s health And bring a heavy economic burden to the society.
Data map: People line up for registration in the outpatient building of a hospital.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Yin Liqin
Nearly 130 million people with diabetes in China rank first in the world
This summer, "Yang Tianzheng Stomach" was once on the hot search.
As a well-known agent in the entertainment industry, Yang Tianzhen announced to netizens on social platforms that in order to treat diabetes, she chose to perform a "stomach cut" operation.
Yang Tianzhen wrote on Weibo, "I have been diabetic for six years." Six years ago, Yang Tianzhen was 29 years old.
Because the symptoms are hidden, diabetes is also called the "silent killer."
Its complications involve multiple organs such as blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, feet, etc., with a high disability and fatality rate, seriously affecting the health of patients, and bringing a heavy burden to individuals, families and society.
The worrying data is that at present, the number of diabetic patients in China has ranked first in the world.
In April this year, the Chinese research team published China’s latest diabetes epidemiological survey article online in the top international medical journal BMJ. The survey results showed that according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) diagnostic criteria, the total prevalence of diabetes in Chinese adults was 12.8%. The total number of patients with diabetes is approximately 129.8 million (70.4 million for men and 59.4 million for women); the pre-diabetes prevalence rate is 35.2%.
Judging from the characteristics of the disease, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in China is 6.0%, and the prevalence of newly diagnosed diabetes is 6.8%, which is higher in men than in women, and increases with age.
The diabetes awareness rate was 43.3%, the treatment rate was 49.0%, and the control rate was 49.4%.
Other data show that about 834,000 people die from complications caused by diabetes every year in China.
Data map
What caused the "sweet troubles"?
There are three main forms of diabetes: type I, type II, and gestational diabetes.
The cause of type I diabetes is unknown. Patients usually cannot secrete insulin by themselves and need daily insulin injections to survive.
Type II diabetes accounts for about 90% of diabetic patients in the world, mainly because of the two conditions of overweight and sedentary that exacerbate the patients' demand for insulin.
Type II diabetes used to occur only in adults, but it is now increasingly seen in children and adolescents.
Gestational diabetes is a temporary symptom that occurs during pregnancy, but there is a long-term risk of causing type II diabetes.
Over time, high blood sugar can severely damage all major organ systems of the body, causing heart disease, stroke, nerve damage, kidney failure, blindness, impotence, and infections that may lead to amputation.
According to the core information on diabetes prevention and treatment issued by the National Health Commission, people at high risk of diabetes include overweight and obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history of diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, and birth history of giant babies (birth weight ≥ 4Kg).
In China, Type II diabetes is the most common type of diabetes.
Among them, obesity is an important risk factor for type II diabetes.
However, data shows that from 2002 to 2012, the overweight rate of Chinese residents over 18 years old rose from 22.8% to 30.1%, and the obesity rate rose from 7.1% to 11.9%.
In contrast, the overall physical activity level of Chinese people has declined.
From 1991 to the present, the total physical activity of adults has dropped by nearly half.
In terms of diet, according to the data from the Institute of Nutrition and Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the average daily intake of added sugar (mainly sucrose) in China is about 30g, and the intake of edible oil is 42.1g, both higher than those of the World Health Organization and Recommended intake in the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents.
"There is 1 diabetic in about 10 adults in my country." Zhu Dalong, chairman of the Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, has previously reminded the media that the prevalence of prediabetes in China is high. If no intervention is required, these people will be Will also join the "Diabetes Army".
Data map: Photo by Yu Danfei, automatic medicine dispenser
Carrying out national prevention and treatment, reducing the price of hypoglycemic drugs... the state takes action!
Diabetes has become a major public health problem that seriously endangers the health of the people and brings a heavy economic burden to the society, and the prevention and control work is urgent.
The "Healthy China Action (2019-2030)" has already put forward clear goals. By 2022 and 2030, the diabetes awareness rate of residents aged 18 and above will reach 50% and above and 60% and above respectively; standardized management of diabetes patients The rates reached 60% and above and 70% and above respectively; the rate of diabetes treatment, diabetes control, and diabetes complication screening rates continued to increase.
In addition, the document also specifically mentions that primary medical and health institutions undertaking national public health service projects should provide standardized health management services for type II diabetes patients among permanent residents aged 35 years and over in their jurisdictions, and target high-risk groups of type II diabetes. Sexual health education.
In addition, for domestic patients, as the state organizes centralized drug procurement and implementation, the prices of commonly used drugs for the treatment of diabetes have also fallen sharply.
Taking the "star drug" metformin as an example, in the third batch of nationally organized drug purchases, some companies reported a "floor price" of 0.015 yuan/tablet for 0.25g of metformin tablets, a drop of more than 90%.
It is undoubtedly a huge benefit for patients.
Data map: The Wuchang bridgehead of the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. Citizens are doing square dance for fitness.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Zhang Chang
What do you know about diabetes?
——What is diabetes?
Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar caused by defects in insulin secretion and/or action.
The typical symptoms of diabetes are "three more and one less" (more drinking, more eating, more urine, weight loss). People who have typical symptoms of diabetes and meet any of the following conditions can be diagnosed as diabetes:
1. Blood glucose ≥ 11.1mmol/L (200mg/dl) at any time of the day;
2. Fasting blood glucose level ≥7.0mmol/L (126mg/dl);
3. Oral glucose tolerance test 2 hours blood glucose level ≥ 11.1mmol/L (200mg/dl).
——What should be done to prevent diabetes?
1. Popularize diabetes prevention knowledge.
2. Maintain a healthy lifestyle of reasonable diet and regular exercise.
3. In healthy people, fasting blood glucose will be tested once a year from the age of 40.
For people with prediabetes, it is recommended to test fasting blood glucose or blood glucose 2 hours after a meal every six months.
4. Intervene the pre-diabetic population as early as possible.
5. Through diet control and exercise, make the body mass index of overweight and obese people reach or close to 24, or lose at least 7% of body weight, which can reduce the risk of diabetes in prediabetes by 35-58%.
——What does the comprehensive treatment of diabetic patients include?
1. Nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, drug therapy, health education and blood glucose monitoring are the five comprehensive treatment measures for diabetes.
2. Diabetes patients take measures to lower blood sugar, lower blood pressure, adjust blood lipids and control weight, and correct bad habits such as quitting smoking, restricting alcohol, controlling oil, reducing salt and increasing physical activity, which can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes complications.
3. Self-management of diabetic patients is an effective way to control diabetes. Self-blood glucose monitoring should be carried out under the guidance of professional doctors and/or nurses.
4. Actively treat diabetes, control the condition steadily, and delay complications. Diabetic patients can enjoy life like normal people.
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