Editor's note: Recently, local confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia have emerged in Kashgar, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Anhui.
At present, my country has entered winter, and autumn and winter are the seasons for high incidence of infectious diseases such as influenza. Faced with the risk of "dual pandemic" of new crown and influenza, the Shanghai Center for Disease Control reminds everyone that these knowledge points about new crown pneumonia can be reviewed.
What are the clinical manifestations of new coronary pneumonia?
New coronary pneumonia is mainly manifested by fever, dry cough, and fatigue.
Some patients have diminished or lost sense of smell and taste as the first symptoms, and a few are accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, conjunctivitis, myalgia and diarrhea.
Mild patients may manifest as low-grade fever, mild fatigue, disturbance of smell and taste, etc., without pneumonia.
Some patients may have no obvious clinical symptoms after being infected with the new coronavirus.
Most of the patients have a good prognosis, and a few are critically ill. They are more common in the elderly, people with chronic underlying diseases, late pregnancy and perinatal women, and obese people.
What should I do when I have suspicious respiratory symptoms?
1. See a doctor in time and treat according to the doctor's recommendation. Both the patient and the accompanying staff need to wear a mask when visiting the doctor.
2. If there is a suspicious epidemiological history, medical staff should be actively informed and try to avoid taking subways, buses and other public transportation on the way to the hospital.
3. Try to avoid going to places where people gather when you are sick, go to work or class without sickness, and wear a mask when you really need to go out.
4. Cover your mouth and nose with tissues, towels or elbows when coughing or sneezing.
5. Wash hands frequently with soap and running water, and clean up contaminated areas and objects in time.
6. If symptoms such as high fever and dyspnea occur, go to the hospital for further treatment in time.
What are the preventive measures for COVID-19?
Although the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic in my country has entered the normalization stage, we still cannot relax our vigilance. In our daily work and life, we need to keep in mind the "three-piece suit" of epidemic prevention and the "five needs" of protection.
Epidemic prevention "three-piece suit": wear a mask; keep 1 meter social; do personal hygiene.
Protective "five more": masks should continue to be worn; social distance should be kept; coughs and sneezes should be covered; hands should be washed frequently; windows should be opened as much as possible.
If you have recently been to a medium-to-high-risk area, or have been in contact with people from a medium- and high-risk area, or have been in contact with a confirmed or suspected case of new coronary pneumonia, you should take the initiative to report to the health department and conduct health monitoring and new coronavirus testing.
In addition, winter and spring are the prevalence seasons of respiratory infectious diseases, and close contact with patients with flu-like symptoms should be avoided; infants and children, the elderly, patients with chronic diseases, medical staff, and employees in public places can receive influenza vaccination , Pneumococcal vaccine for prevention.
Guidelines for wearing masks
1. Persons with fever, nasal congestion, runny nose, cough and other symptoms and related accompanying persons must wear a mask when going to a medical institution or going to a public place (occasion).
2. Relevant practitioners must wear masks (including medical staff in medical institutions, practitioners in the public service industry, and personnel engaged in epidemic prevention and control related staff, etc.) in accordance with practice norms and relevant regulations during their on-the-job.
3. When taking rail transit or long-distance buses, entering medical institutions, welfare institutions, schools and other places where the country has clear requirements, you must wear a mask.
4. It is recommended to wear a mask when going out for the elderly, infirm and patients with chronic diseases.
5. Individuals are encouraged to carry masks with them. In confined spaces, crowded areas, and close contact with others, it is recommended to wear masks as appropriate.
The correct way to wash your hands
"Hand washing" refers to washing hands with hand sanitizer or soap and running water.
Washing hands properly can effectively prevent influenza, hand, foot and mouth disease, infectious diarrhea and other infectious diseases.
When washing your hands, you need to use the correct method of washing your hands, and the time for washing your hands should not be less than 20 seconds.
Review the seven-step handwashing technique.
In the first step
Facing palms together, rub your fingers together;
Outside the second step
Wash the back side of the finger joints, rub the palms of the hands along the back of the hands, exchange hands;
The third step
Wash the palms between the fingers, palms facing each other, cross your hands and rub each other along the fingers;
Fourth step
Wash the thumb, rotate and rub the thumb of the other hand, exchange hands;
The fifth step
Wash the back of the fingers, bend the knuckles of each finger, make a half fist, place the back of the finger on the palm of the other hand, rotate and rub, exchange hands;
Sixth step force
Wash the fingertips, bend each finger joint, close the fingertips in the palm of the other hand, rotate and rub, exchange hands;
Seventh step wrist
Wash your wrists and arms. Rub your wrists and arms.
(Source: WeChat Official Account of Shanghai CDC)