[World Report] Chinese people increase by 1 year after 4 years... "Let's have three children"

Recently, the Chinese government has been announcing achievements in several fields over the past five years.

On the 28th,'the status of progress in sanitation and health reform' was released.

Among them, life expectancy is what attracted the attention of the Chinese.

'Expected life span' refers to the average number of years a person is expected to survive that year.

According to the Chinese government's announcement, the life expectancy of Chinese has increased from 76.34 in 2015 to 77.3 in 2019.

Life expectancy has increased by 1 year in 4 years.

The Chinese government added meaning to the fact that the mortality rate of pregnant women, infants and children under 5 years all declined compared to four years ago as health care, poverty and income levels improved.

Then, what was the life expectancy of Chinese in the past?

According to the People's Daily and Xinhua News Agency, the life expectancy of Chinese people was 35 years old in 1949, when the People's Republic of China, which is what the Chinese call New China, was established.

The Xinhua News Agency analyzed that "in the early days of establishing a new China, the economy was stagnant and diseases were prevalent."

It is estimated that the civil wars of the Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomin Party just before the establishment of the new China were also affected.

The life expectancy increased to 57 in 1957, 68 in 1981, and 77 in 2018 as "free from hunger and shortage of medicines".

Xinhua News Agency used the expression "splendid transition".

For reference, the life expectancy of Koreans is 82.7 years as of 2018.

Going back to ancient times, the average life expectancy of the Chinese is much shorter.

According to Teng Xun Mang et al., the average life expectancy of Chinese in the Qin and Han period was only 20 years old, 27 years old during the Tang Dynasty, 30 years old during the Song Dynasty, and 33 years old during the Qing Dynasty.

However, it seems that the Chinese government is not happy to extend the lifespan of Chinese people.

This is because the birth rate is declining relatively.

China's state-run Global Times reported on the 25th that, "in the next five years, the number of senior citizens aged 65 and over will reach 300 million," with an announcement from the Chinese authorities.

The aging phenomenon in China is expected to worsen in the future.

According to the Global Times, at the end of last year, the population aged 65 and over in China made up 12.5% ​​of the total population.

If you calculate the total population of 1.43 billion, about 170 million people are old people.

In five years, the elderly population will nearly double.

On the other hand, it is predicted that the total population will decrease and'reverse growth'.

The Global Times, citing the Tsinghua University Research Institute's announcement, predicted that China's population will decline sharply from around 2050 and drop below 800 million by 2100.

It is projected that the Chinese share of the world population will drop from 19% to 7%.

As the labor force declines and labor productivity declines, the economy will be directly affected.

I was concerned that there would be a problem with more people taking pensions than those who pay them right away.

At the same time, I shared the opinion of the head of Tsinghua University Research Center.

"We should promote the three-child policy as soon as possible."

He added that other demographers agree.

"There should be a practical policy to have more children," he said.

In China, the world's No. 1 population, only six years ago, the'one-child policy' was strictly applied.

It was also called the'Planned Growth Policy' as a forced birth control policy that was enforced in 1978.

As food problems arose due to a surge in population, the Chinese government stepped up to limit the number of children per family to one, and imposed high fines for the second child.

As a result, in rural areas of China, where the ideology of boy preference is strong, in order to give birth to sons, there were many cases where they were unable to post a second or third birth to a family register called'Hukou'.

Then, when the problem of reducing the working population arose, the Chinese government abolished the'one-child policy' in 2014, allowing one of the couples to have up to two children if they are independent, and has been implementing the'two-child policy' from 2016. .

However, until recently, restrictions on third children were strong.

Last June, in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, a couple was fined 50 million won in our money for having a third child in the name of “social support”.

China, which used to be a country with a population of 1.4 billion, is now talking about the introduction of the'three children policy'.

The world makes you realize that China is changing.