Maduo retrieves the "sea of stars" (tracing the origin of the three rivers and witnessing the growth of the national park②)
Core reading
Maduo County, Qinghai, is located in the hinterland of Sanjiangyuan.
In the late 1990s, due to overgrazing and disorderly mining, grassland desertification, lakes drastically reduced, and rodent infestations were rampant.
In 2015, the pilot program for the Three Rivers National Park system was reviewed and approved, and my country's first pilot program for the national park system was officially launched.
By restructuring the environmental governance system and coordinating the management of landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and grasses, the source of the Yellow River has reappeared.
Maduo County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, is located in the hinterland of the source of the Three Rivers.
Here, Wanli Yellow River started its mighty journey.
In recent years, with the implementation of the national park system pilot, Maduo County has undergone earth-shaking changes-through the reconstruction of the environmental governance system, the overall management of the landscape, forest, field, lake and grass system, the ecological environment was once caused by overgrazing and disorderly mining. The deterioration was contained, and the greenery began to reappear at the source of the Yellow River.
The number of lakes continues to rise, recreating the beauty of Qianhu
Starting from Maduo County, more than 10 kilometers southwest, there are endless lakes and wetlands.
This dotted lake has a romantic and charming name "Xingxinghai".
Maduo, known as the "County of Thousand Lakes", had a huge "sea of stars" several decades ago. At most, there were more than 4,000 large and small lakes.
In the 1980s, when Maduo had a population of less than 10,000, the number of cattle and sheep surged to over a million. Overgrazing and other reasons led to desertification of pastures, ravages of rodents, and lakes. At the lowest point, the number of lakes in Maduo Reduced to more than 1,800.
For Manga, a herder in Zhalinghu Township, Maduo County, the deterioration of the ecological environment has a direct consequence of leaving his hometown.
In the winter of 2002, Manga reluctantly left the grassland. "At that time, the grassland became a black soil beach, let alone herding cattle and sheep. When the wind blows, the sand is so enchanted that people can’t open their eyes. What can be done if you don’t move?"
In 2005, the first phase of the ecological protection and construction project of the Three Rivers Source was launched, and environmental management measures such as returning grazing to grassland, deteriorating livestock with grass, desertification control, immigration and relocation, and engineering rodent control were carried out simultaneously. An arduous exploration began in the source of the Yellow River. Curtain.
In 2015, 10 years after the first phase of the project was implemented, the grass yield of various grasslands in Sanjiangyuan increased by 30%, the vegetation coverage of the million-mu black soil beach treatment area increased to more than 80%, and the water resources of the Sanjiangyuan increased by nearly 8 billion cubic meters Meter.
In 2018, the number of Maduo lakes hit a record high: 5849.
Restructure the environmental governance system, "one brand manages to the end"
By the shore of Eling Lake, the clear water catches the sky, and the birds swiftly pass by.
Amazing and shocking is the first impression left by many people at the source of the Yellow River.
But for Ma Gui, deputy director of the Ecological Environment and Natural Resources Administration of the Yellow River Source Park Management Committee of the Three Rivers Source National Park, such a scene is really hard-won.
At the end of 2015, the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reforms reviewed and approved the "China Three Rivers Source National Park System Pilot Program"-China's first national park system pilot program.
According to the plan, the Yellow River Source Park Management Committee of the Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration was established, and the ecological protection management responsibilities of the original forestry, land, environmental protection, and water conservancy departments of Maduo County were integrated into the Ecological Environment and Natural Resources Administration under the management committee At the same time, the county forest public security, land and land law enforcement, environmental law enforcement, grassland supervision, fishery administration law enforcement and other institutions are integrated into the resource and environmental law enforcement bureau under the management committee.
"One brand manages to the end." Ma Gui, who had experienced the tremendous changes at the source of the Yellow River, exclaimed.
From building an ecological big data center with "space, earth and air integration" to coordinating the management of landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and grasses, Ma Gui has taken on more responsibilities and is busier than before.
Govern the black soil beach, sow grass seeds; set up a scaffold to prevent rodent damage... To "re-green" the source of the Yellow River, Ma Gui and his colleagues thought of countless ways.
He took the reporter to a grassy beach: a large area of sand was divided into several areas by stone grids and sand barriers. Inside the stone grids, artificially replanted Elymus serrata swayed in the wind.
"You can't see it? There used to be sandy soil here." As he said, he rubbed his hands excitedly, his face full of pride.
Presenting a new win-win situation, production development, rich life, and excellent ecology
In late August, it's time to move to "Dongwozi" again, and the Manga family is busy preparing.
In the tent, the wife made the separated milk into ghee and qula, the son and daughter-in-law packed their luggage, and Manga, surrounded by his two granddaughters, followed to learn Chinese characters.
In the thick milk fragrance, bursts of laughter.
In 2015, the source of the Yellow River saw rippling blue waves again, and the once desertified grassland reappeared with vitality, and the Manga family moved back to the grassland.
Nowadays, Manga, like many local herders, lives in the county in winter, enjoys better education and medical conditions, and returns to his hometown in summer to graze cattle and sheep in an orderly manner.
Five years ago, Manga's son Sang Dorje became an ecological protector and became the guardian of this land.
On average, patrolling more than ten kilometers a day, recording the trajectory of wild animals, and observing the protection of ecological resources, Sang Dorje has a monthly income of 1,800 yuan for management and protection.
"Our group of 10 people patrols three times a month. Garbage cleaning, ecological monitoring, and auxiliary supervision and law enforcement are all our work." Sang Dorje was riding on a motorcycle, pointing to his red armband, very proud, "Although It’s a bit hard, but over the years, the pastures have been better and the cattle and sheep have grown stronger, which makes people happy.
"At present, there are more than 3,000 ecological managers in the county, and they have become an important force for us to protect the ecological environment." said He Haiyan, secretary of the Maduo County Party Committee.
Our reporter Yang Shuobi Jia Fengfeng