[Pick Q&A] Who is the'this person' you know as the Nobel Prize winner?

▲ Nobel Prize medal with Alfred Nobel face

Alfred Nobel hated being called the'Death Merchant'.

It is said that he was worried that the dynamite he invented was used for military use and for killing people.

So, just before my death, I promised, "I want to divide the interest accruing from all my donated wealth into five and give a prize every year to those who have devoted themselves to humanity in five fields: physics, chemistry, physiology and medicine, literature, and peace."

This is how the Nobel Prize, 120 years old, was born.

The announcement of the Nobel Prize, which returns every year in early October, continues.

The world press releases speculation articles on the results of each category, and famous gambling sites also make big match-to-win bets.

However, there are very few people who can know the winners before the official announcement of the Nobel Foundation.

In [Pick Q&A], we will look into the various aspects of the Nobel Prize announcement.

A.'Official Portrait Painter', a freelancer affiliated with Nobel Media under the Nobel Foundation, can know the winners in advance.

It is said that'in advance' is about 40 minutes before the presentation.

So, it is said that portraits of as many as 3 winners should be drawn in 30 minutes.

A. Niklas Elmehead, a graphic designer from Sweden, the country of Nobel Prize, is drawing.

Elmehead, a graduate of the Royal Academy of Arts and the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden, has been working with Nobel Media since 2012 to work on portraits.

Elmehead said through social media and Swedish media interviews that "I got in touch 30 to 40 minutes before the winner's announcement, so I have to draw a picture really fast."

There are up to three winners in one field, and portraits must be drawn by hand, and when completed, they must be digitally posted on the Nobel Prize website.

It is said that all this process must be completed before the official announcement of the Nobel Prize winners.

"It's a really hard work, but it's an honor to draw a Nobel Prize winner," Elmehead added.

In his portrait of the winner, his name'NE' is written on it.

When all Nobel Prize winners by category are announced, the official portrait will be displayed in the Nobel Prize Museum.

A. It is passed on for two reasons: tradition and copyright.

Nobel Prize winners are announced through portraits on the official website.

Since 1901, when the first Nobel Prize was awarded, the faces of the winners in the field have been portrayed.

Since then, photography techniques have become commonplace, but the portrait tradition continues.

Nobel Prize winners will be notified of the award prior to announcement.

As a result, you do not receive photos from yourself, and in the case of photos that have already been taken, there may be copyright issues.

Therefore, some analyzes say that they are continuing the way of directing portraits rather than photographs.

In the case of portraits, the Nobel Foundation did not secure copyrights until 2006, but it is said that since 2007, the company has managed portrait copyrights under the foundation of Nobel Media.

A. The Nobel Foundation also puts candidates in each field in top secret, and does not notify the winners in advance.

Documents related to final candidates, award-related information, and recommender information are in principle to be kept closed for 50 years after the award is announced, and even after 50 years, it is only possible to disclose it through a public eligibility screening.

There was a suspicion that the information of the winners was leaked on some gambling sites, and at that time, the security of the candidates and winners is evaluated as being so thorough that the Swedish prosecution began an investigation.

A. The results of self-analysis and prediction of private organizations not related to the Nobel Foundation were cited.

A representative place is'Claribate Analytics', a private research company.

Clarivate is particularly famous for its analysis of candidates in the Nobel Prizes in Science, such as physics, chemistry, physiology and medicine.

Recently, CNN broadcasted a report on Clarivate in connection with the prediction of the Nobel Prize winner.

“In the field of science, past achievements are sufficiently verified, and achievements that are unlikely to cause controversy in the future are selected.”

Clarivate's methodology, introduced at CNN, predicts that the top 0.01% of the authors who have cited articles cited by other scientists in the same field more than 2,000 times will be candidates for the Nobel Prize in Science.

"From 2002 to now, we have made 54 predictions," CNN added.

However, this year's forecast was not the same as this year's awards.

Clarivate said, "It is predicted that the authors of the thesis who have entered the candidate group will be awarded the Nobel Prize someday."

The first Korean scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Professor Hyun Taek-hwan of Seoul National University was also a strong candidate predicted by Clarivate this year.

Regrettably, Professor Hyun Taek-hwan, who was not awarded this time, said, "If you are selected as a nominee in Clarivate, you usually get on the list of awards after 5 or 6 years." I also left.

A. Unlike the scientific field where quantitative evaluation such as the number of citations is possible, it is relatively difficult to establish standards for the Nobel Prize for Literature and Peace Prize.

Mostly cited are famous overseas gambling sites such as'Rad Brooks' and'Nice Oz'.

I wonder what standards are there for gambling sites, but Radbrook, who has won the Nobel Prize for Literature several times in the past, said, "Our group of experts search for book sites, book reviews and social media around the world to select candidates."

This is'News Pick'.