Chinanews.com, September 30. The Ministry of Education website today released the "Professional Degree Postgraduate Education Development Plan (2020-2025)" (hereinafter referred to as the "plan"), which proposes a more flexible management mechanism for master's degree categories.
According to the needs of social development, a batch of professional master degree categories will be added in the fields of modern manufacturing, modern transportation, modern agriculture, modern information, modern service industry and social governance.
Carry out a pilot program for the independent establishment of professional master degree categories, and the decentralized degree authorization and independent review units independently set up the master professional degree categories, and make regular statistics and publish them to the public.
The plan is clear, and efforts should be made to optimize the postgraduate education structure for master's professional degrees:
——Improve the category setting and awarding standards of master's degree.
The conditions for setting up the category of the master’s professional degree should be more prominent in the professional background and the orientation of professional talents, and the ability to respond quickly and pertinently to the development of the industry should be enhanced. Generally, it should have a wide range of social needs, clear career orientation, and corresponding occupational fields. The training of talents has formed a relatively complete and systematic knowledge system.
The basic requirements for the granting of a master's degree should emphasize the mastery of solid basic theories and system expertise in related industries or professional fields, and the ability to solve practical problems through research.
——Improve a more flexible management mechanism for master degree categories.
According to the needs of social development, a batch of professional master degree categories will be added in the fields of modern manufacturing, modern transportation, modern agriculture, modern information, modern service industry and social governance.
Carry out a pilot program for the independent establishment of professional master degree categories, and the decentralized degree authorization and independent review units independently set up the master professional degree categories, and make regular statistics and publish them to the public.
Improve the mechanism for entering the professional degree catalog for master's professional degree categories. For the master's degree categories independently set by universities, if they have formed a certain scale in colleges and universities, they have been recognized by the society and industry, and formed a perfect talent training mechanism and knowledge system. Long-term stable demand for talents, good enrollment and employment, industry, industry, universities and colleges to make an application after verification, after the approval of the State Council Degree Committee, it will enter the master's professional degree catalog.
Industry authorities, industry associations, etc. can also submit applications for the establishment of a master's degree category, and the basic procedures are the same as those for the establishment of a doctoral degree category.
—— Promote the steady growth of the scale of postgraduate education for master's degree programs.
Steadily expand the distribution of professional degree authorization for master's degree. In principle, newly-added master's degree granting units only carry out professional degree postgraduate education. Newly-added master's degree authorization points are mainly professional degree authorization points, and support the adjustment of academic degree authorization points that degree-granting units will actively revoke It is a professional degree authorization point.
The integration of production and education and the construction of joint training bases shall be regarded as the important content of the basic requirements for the application of the master degree authorization point, and the academic degree authorization point shall not be regarded as the prerequisite.
Promote professional master degree authorization to closely serve the development of regions and industries, continue to delegate power to the provincial degree committee to undertake the review of master degree authorization points in the region, and focus on the role of the professional degree graduate education steering committee.
Support the degree-granting unit to optimize the talent training structure. The increase in the postgraduate enrollment plan is mainly used for professional degrees, and the enrollment plan for academic degree postgraduates can be adjusted to the professional degree postgraduate enrollment plan.
The plan also proposes to accelerate the development of postgraduate education for doctoral professional degrees:
——Clarify the positioning of postgraduate education for doctoral degree.
Promote the coordinated development of doctoral professional degrees and doctoral academic degrees.
Doctoral degree graduate education is mainly based on the needs of major national development strategies to train high-level applied future leaders in a specific field.
Doctoral degree graduate students should master solid basic theories and systematic in-depth expertise in related industries or professional fields, and have the ability to independently use scientific methods, creatively research and systematically solve complex problems in practice.
——Improve the standards for the category of doctoral professional degrees.
Doctoral degree categories are generally only set in professional fields that have formed relatively independent professional and technical standards. This professional field should have mature professional norms and specific professional ability standards, need to work creatively, and have large doctoral level talents demand.
The focus of the establishment of doctoral degree categories is on professional fields that have high requirements for knowledge, technology, and ability, such as engineers, physicians, teachers, lawyers, public health, public policy and management. It can also be based on the needs of economic and social development, according to the mature one. , Demonstration of the principle of one, set in other industries or special fields, generally should have a good foundation for the development of a master's degree.
——Complete the procedures for setting up doctoral degree categories.
The basic procedures for setting professional degree categories are: relevant industry authorities, industry associations and degree-granting units put forward suggestions and submit demonstration reports; relevant discipline review groups and professional degree graduate education steering committees conduct necessity demonstrations and submit comments ; The Office of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council organizes experts to conduct feasibility evaluations on the basis of extensive solicitation of opinions; after the evaluation is passed, the establishment plan is prepared and submitted to the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council for review.
——Expand the scale of postgraduate education for doctoral degree.
On the basis of ensuring quality, with the focus on clinical medical doctorate professional degrees, engineering doctoral professional degrees, and educational doctorate professional degrees, a batch of doctoral professional degree authorization points will be added to rapidly improve training capabilities.
The integration of production and education and industry collaboration are the priority conditions for the addition of doctoral degree authorization points, and the doctoral degree authorization points that have been obtained will not be used as the preconditions for the addition of doctoral professional degree authorization points.
Improve the regional layout of doctoral degree authorization points to support regional economic and social development.
Support independent review units for degree authorization to add a batch of doctoral degree authorization points.
The enrollment plan for doctoral students is inclined towards professional degrees, and a certain proportion of regular increments is specially arranged for the development of doctoral professional degrees every year.
Explore the recruitment of doctoral degree graduate students and gradually expand the scale in the special plan for doctoral research funding.
The plan emphasizes the need to vigorously improve the quality of professional degree graduate education.
Strengthen the construction of professional degree graduate tutor team.
Adhere to the correct orientation of educating people, and strengthen the tutor's duty of educating people.
Vigorously promote local leading cadres, academicians of the "two academies", backbones of state-owned enterprises, and model workers to the stage, and explore the establishment of a system for party and government agencies, scientific research institutes, military, enterprise and public institutions, party members, experts and scholars to serve as external counselors , Improve the ideological level, political consciousness and moral quality of professional degree graduate students.
Promote the exchange and sharing of talents between training units and industries. Each training unit newly hired professional degree graduate tutors must have more than half a year of practice in the industry or preside over industry research and project research and development. The on-the-job professional degree graduate tutors There should be some time to lead the team to the industry to conduct research and practice.
Encourage local and various training units to establish "industry industry tutors", improve the selection and employment system of industry industry tutors, and build a dual tutor system for professional degree graduate students.
In addition, it is necessary to deepen the reform of the postgraduate training model for the integration of production and education.
Adhere to the correct education orientation, strengthen the ideological and political education of professional degree graduate students, strengthen academic ethics and professional ethics education, enhance practical innovation capabilities and future professional development capabilities, and promote the comprehensive development of professional degree graduate students' moral, intellectual, physical, and artistic.
Carry out the classification and selection of graduate students for professional and academic degrees, and further improve the selection method of the doctoral degree graduate application assessment system.
Promote training units and industries to jointly formulate training programs, jointly open practical courses, and jointly compile high-quality teaching materials.
Encourage qualified industries to formulate professional technical competence standards, and promote the organic connection between curriculum settings and professional technical competence assessment.
Promote the establishment of "customized talent training projects" for employers, and closely link talent training with employment needs.
Carry out the construction plan of the "National Integrated Training Base for Graduate Students of Industry-Education Integration", focusing on the construction of joint training bases for graduate students relying on enterprises that integrate production and education and cities that integrate production and education.
Encourage industries, industries, and training units to explore the establishment of industry-education-integrated education alliances, formulate standards, exchange experience, and share resources.
Integrate innovation and entrepreneurship education into the education system of industry-education integration, and support qualified colleges and universities to recommend the exemption (preliminary examination) to recruit professional degree graduates among fresh graduates with high innovation and entrepreneurial potential.
Support training units and industries to explore and implement the "professional degree + ability development" education model, so that professional degree graduate students can obtain qualifications or practical experience in related industries and industries while obtaining academic degrees, and enhance their professional competence.
The plan also proposes to improve the evaluation mechanism of professional degree graduate education.
Strengthen the application orientation of professional degree thesis. The main content of master's degree thesis can be research reports, planning and design, product development, case analysis, project management, artistic works, etc., and be presented in the form of a thesis.
The doctoral professional dissertation should show the ability of graduate students to undertake specialized technical work independently and make innovative and applied results in specialized technology.
Improve professional dissertation review and random inspection methods, and promote the classification and evaluation of professional dissertations and academic dissertations.
Improve the qualification evaluation system for professional degree authorization points, incorporate the effects of the integration of production and education into the evaluation index system, and link it with supporting policies such as the construction of professional degree authorization points.
Eliminate the simple method of evaluating teachers only by publishing papers, and incorporate teaching, practice, and service results such as teaching case writing, industry and industry services into the teacher assessment and evaluation system.