China News Service, September 29. A few days ago, nine departments including the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly issued the "Action Plan to Improve the Quality of Vocational Education (2020-2023)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Action Plan").
The "Action Plan" proposes to encourage secondary vocational graduates to apply for higher vocational schools through the classification examination of higher vocational education.
Promote the inclusion of technical schools in the unified enrollment platform of vocational education.
Encourage groups such as veterans, laid-off workers, migrant workers, and high-quality farmers to apply for higher vocational schools. They can be exempted from the cultural literacy test and only participate in the professional adaptability test or vocational skill test organized by the school.
The "Action Plan" proposes that the vocational education development system is basically sound, the hierarchical structure of vocational schools is reasonable, classified examinations are the main channel for enrollment in higher vocational schools, and the national "credit bank" of vocational education is put into operation; the scale of vocational education and general education is roughly the same. Mutual integration, clear positioning of vocational schools, continuous optimization of professional settings and talent supply structure, sending tens of millions of high-quality technical and technical talents to the society every year.
The "Action Plan" requires that labor education be included in the talent training program of vocational schools, set up compulsory labor education courses, and coordinate work-study, internship training, social practice, voluntary services and other links to systematically carry out labor education.
Strengthen the cultivation of professional ethics, professional quality, professional behavior and habits, and the professional education of professionalism, craftsmanship, and labor model spirit shall not be less than 16 hours.
Strengthen the construction of public basic compulsory courses of art, strengthen practical experience, and promote the all-round development of students.
Strengthen the research of vocational education and accelerate the construction of the ideological system, discourse system, policy system and practice system of vocational education with Chinese characteristics.
The "Action Plan" proposes to encourage enterprises to hire model workers, technical experts, craftsmen from major countries, and moral role models as part-time moral education instructors, and build a part-time moral education work team with rich experience, affinity, and integrity.
Incorporate party building and ideological and political work evaluation indicators into the school's career development plan, professional quality evaluation, talent project review, and teaching and research results evaluation.
By 2023, cultivate about 200 typical schools of "Three All-round Education", cultivate and select about 100 class teacher studios, and select about 100 cases of moral education characteristics.
The "Action Plan" requires that the curriculum construction of ideological and political, Chinese, history and ideological and political theory courses in secondary vocational schools be strengthened, and required courses are fully opened, and nationally compiled textbooks are selected in accordance with regulations.
Vocational schools should approve full-time ideological and political teacher positions based on the total number of full-time students and strictly in accordance with a teacher-student ratio of not less than 1:350. Secondary vocational schools should increase the allocation of full-time ideological and political teachers.
Implement the vocational school party building and ideological and political work ability improvement plan, and carry out the training of moral education managers and full-time ideological and political teachers.
Reform the evaluation method for teachers of ideological and political courses, and regard political quality as the first criterion for teacher evaluation.
By 2023, train about 10,000 key moral education managers and full-time ideological and political teachers, select about 100 ideological and political teacher training bases, cultivate and select about 1,000 ideological and political teaching innovation teams, and 10,000 ideological and political class demonstrations. Classroom, about 10,000 ideological and political education cases with vocational education characteristics.
The "Action Plan" proposes to support the construction of at least one secondary vocational school that meets the needs of local economic and social development in each prefecture and city in concentrated and contiguous areas.
Establish a cooperation mechanism between ordinary high schools and secondary vocational schools, explore mutual selection of courses, mutual recognition of credits, and exchange of resources, and support qualified ordinary high schools to host comprehensive high schools.
Intensify the integration of general vocational services in deeply impoverished areas such as the "Three Districts and Three States", and give full play to the role of vocational education in promoting compulsory education to "control dropouts".
By 2023, the teaching conditions of secondary vocational schools will basically meet the standards, and about 1,000 high-quality secondary vocational schools and about 3,000 high-quality majors, about 300 high-quality technical schools and about 300 high-quality majors will be selected.
The "Action Plan" also proposes to consolidate the dominant position of higher vocational education, take the development of higher vocational education as an important way to optimize the structure of higher education and cultivate artisans and skilled craftsmen in big countries, and to transport high-quality technical and technical talents urgently needed for regional development.
There is no restriction on the proportion of junior vocational graduates enrolled in junior colleges and vocational schools, and the enrollment plan for junior college promotion should be appropriately expanded to provide some willing higher vocational (specialist) graduates with the opportunity to continue their studies.
Promote all localities to ensure that vocational school graduates enjoy the same treatment as ordinary college graduates in terms of settlement, employment, participation in the recruitment of government agencies and institutions, job title evaluation, and rank promotion.
Solidly advance the high-level vocational school and professional construction plan with Chinese characteristics, strengthen performance appraisal and evaluation, and build a group of high-skilled personnel training bases and technical skills innovation platforms.
Explore higher vocational professional certification.
Promote the high-quality development of colleges and vocational schools, and select about 300 provincial high-level vocational schools and about 600 high-level professional groups.
The "Action Plan" proposes to standardize the enrollment form of vocational education examinations, and encourage secondary vocational graduates to pass the vocational classification examinations to apply for higher vocational schools.
Promote the inclusion of technical schools in the unified enrollment platform of vocational education.
Encourage groups such as veterans, laid-off workers, migrant workers, and high-quality farmers to apply for higher vocational schools. They can be exempted from the cultural literacy test and only participate in the professional adaptability test or vocational skill test organized by the school.
Gradually cancel the current enrollment enrollment.
Standardize the long-term system of technical and technical personnel training, gradually abolish secondary vocational undergraduates, moderately expand secondary vocational colleges, and focus on majors with a small initial age, long training period, and high skill requirements.
Strictly implement the exemption admission requirements for top-notch talents.
The "Action Plan" mentioned that vocational schools should strengthen cooperation with overseas Chinese-funded enterprises, support vocational schools to run schools abroad (overseas), cultivate a group of "Luban workshops", and cultivate familiarity with traditional Chinese culture and local technologies urgently needed by Chinese-funded enterprises Skilled talents.
Encourage the Open University of China to build overseas learning centers, and promote cooperation in distance education and training between China and production capacity cooperative countries.
Coordinate the use of existing resources, implement the "Overseas Training Plan for Teaching Innovation Teams of Vocational College Teachers", and select a large number of professional leaders and key teachers to study abroad.
Encourage the introduction of high-quality vocational education institutions from abroad (overseas) to cooperate in running schools in China to promote the localization and re-innovation of international experience.
The "Action Plan" emphasizes that the relevant departments of the State Council have established an inspection and notification system for the implementation of the "Action Plan".
Relevant departments in various regions actively undertake tasks and projects, formulate work plans, coordinate support funds, and increase policy supply. The "action plan" and the "14th Five-Year Plan" career development are planned, deployed, and assessed to ensure that the reform and development tasks are implemented.
The implementation of the "Action Plan" is an important part of the provincial government's fulfillment of educational duties.
The implementation results of various regions serve as an important basis for the selection of a new round of major national reform pilot projects.