China News Service, September 23. According to the news on the website of the Ministry of Education on the 23rd, the General Office of the State Council has recently issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Innovation and Development of Medical Education". When answering questions from reporters on related issues, he said that it is necessary to cultivate benevolent medical talents, inherit and develop Chinese medicine education.

  The full text of the reporter's question is as follows:

  Recently, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Innovative Development of Medical Education" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guiding Opinions") to make systematic arrangements for accelerating the reform and innovation of medical education and comprehensively improving the quality of medical personnel training.

Responsible comrades from the Ministry of Education, the National Health Commission, and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine answered reporters' questions on relevant issues.

  Question: Please briefly introduce the background and significance of the "Guiding Opinions"?

  Answer: The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to health care and medical education.

Since the outbreak of the new crown pneumonia, General Secretary Xi Jinping has issued a series of important speeches on epidemic prevention and control, and issued a series of important instructions on strengthening the development of public health and medical education.

Premier Li Keqiang presided over the State Council executive meeting to study and review the "Guiding Opinions."

  Medical and health services are related to people's health, social stability, economic development, and national security.

Medical education is an important cornerstone of the development of medical and health services.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, medical education has developed vigorously, and a medical talent training system with Chinese characteristics has basically been formed, and a large number of high-quality medical professionals have been sent to my country's health care.

In the fight against the new crown pneumonia epidemic, the millions of medical workers trained in my country's medical education have played an important role, interpreting the noble spirit of white angels in saving lives and healing wounds with practical actions.

Facing the new challenges posed by the epidemic, the new tasks of implementing a healthy China strategy, and the new requirements of the world's medical development, my country's medical education still has problems such as the urgent need to optimize the talent training structure, the quality of training, and the improvement of medical innovation capabilities. From the overall perspective of economic and social development, the overall, systematic and coordinated advancement of medical education innovation and development.

To implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the Ministry of Education, the Health Commission, and the Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine conducted in-depth special surveys on the comprehensive reform of medical education, and extensively listened to opinions and suggestions from all parties. In conjunction with the Central Committee, the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, etc. 15 departments, in accordance with the overall idea of ​​“combining development goals, strengthening the key areas of reforms, and addressing the issues of reform measures”, researched and formulated the “Guiding Opinions” to systematically plan the innovative development of medical education, optimize the professional structure of medical disciplines, and promote medical In-depth cross-integration with multiple disciplines, to improve the quality of medical personnel training and medical research and innovation capabilities and other aspects to make comprehensive arrangements.

The promulgation of the "Guiding Opinions" is not only the deepening and expansion of the preliminary work, but also a major reform of strategic leading significance for the construction of healthy China. It will accelerate the establishment of a higher-level medical talent training system with Chinese characteristics and continuously improve medical education and health The ability and level of health care is of great significance.

  Question: What are the main features of the "Guiding Opinions"?

What is the determined work goal?

  Answer: The "Guiding Opinions" further clarified the guiding ideology for medical education reform and innovation, which is to fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Plenary Sessions of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China In accordance with the decisions and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, implement the fundamental task of Lide’s cultivation of people, place medical education in an important position related to the development of education and health care, base on the basic national conditions, take service needs as the guidance, and focus on the construction of new medical sciences We should focus on innovating systems and mechanisms, cultivating research, compound and application-oriented talents by classification, and comprehensively improve the quality of talent training, so as to provide a strong talent guarantee for promoting the construction of a healthy China and ensuring the health of the people.

  The "Guiding Opinions" adhere to the principle of "limited goals, focus, and lead the future", emphasize reform and innovation, and clearly propose the "four new" to lead the innovation and development of medical education, one is to plan medical development with new ideas.

Expand the concept of medical development from disease diagnosis and treatment to prevention, diagnosis and treatment and wellness, accelerate the transformation from disease treatment as the center to health promotion as the center, and serve the entire life cycle and the entire process of health.

The second is to promote the development of medical education with the new positioning.

Promote the reform and innovative development of medical education with the new positioning of "big country planning, big people's livelihood, university science, big majors", and serve the construction of a healthy China and the construction of an education power.

The third is to strengthen the training of medical students with new connotations.

Strengthen the education of Taoism that saves the dying and the wounded, the benevolence with love, solid academic knowledge, strong skills, and scientific methods of art education, and cultivate people's health guardians with noble medical ethics and excellent medical skills.

Fourth, the new medical department leads medical education innovation.

Optimize the professional structure of disciplines, reflect the concept of "big health" and the connotation of the new scientific and technological revolution, put forward new requirements for the concept content, method and technology, and standard evaluation of the existing professional construction, build a batch of new medical-related majors, and vigorously promote medical and multidisciplinary Deep cross integration.

  This year is the closing year of the "13th Five-Year Plan" and the year of planning for the "14th Five-Year Plan".

The "Guiding Opinions" focus on the short-term and long-term, clarify the medical education innovation development goals during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and by 2030, and propose that by 2025, the professional structure of medical education disciplines will be more optimized, and the management system and mechanism will be more scientific and efficient; A high-level medical talent training system has been basically established, and the quality of training has been further improved; the incentive mechanism for the use of medical talents has become more complete.

By 2030, a higher-level medical talent training system with Chinese characteristics will be established, medical scientific research and innovation capabilities will be significantly improved, and the ability to serve health undertakings will be significantly enhanced.

  Question: Structure is an important macro quality.

In terms of optimizing the structure of medical talent training, what targeted measures have been formulated in the "Guiding Opinions"?

  Answer: Maintaining the health of hundreds of millions of people is inseparable from a team of medical staff with superb medical skills and sufficient numbers.

Regarding the training of medical talents, there are still some structural problems, which are mainly manifested in: the overall enrollment scale of medical education is large, but the overall level is low, there is an obvious shortage of general medicine talents and high-level public health talents, and high-level compound medicine Talent training also urgently needs to be strengthened.

  In this regard, the "Guiding Opinions" proposed that the first is to improve the level of medical education.

Vigorously develop higher vocational nursing education, steadily develop undergraduate clinical medicine and traditional Chinese medicine professional education, and moderately expand the scale of postgraduate enrollment.

The second is to focus on strengthening the construction of medical disciplines.

Increase the distribution and support of medicine and related disciplines, optimize the structure of disciplines, and vigorously promote the development of disciplines and professional talents in anesthesia, infection, critical illness, and pediatrics.

The third is to increase the training of general medical personnel.

Gradually expand the training scale of targeted free general medicine students serving the grassroots, and train a group of higher vocational targeted medical students for village clinics and township hospitals in remote and impoverished areas based on actual conditions, and accelerate the training of general medicine talents that integrate prevention and treatment.

Systematically plan the general practice teaching system, strengthen general practice education for all medical students, and build about 100 national general practice teaching demonstration bases.

Carry out the recruitment and training of doctoral degree graduate students in clinical medicine (general medicine), and expand the enrollment scale of master degree graduate students in clinical medicine (general medicine).

Accelerate the reform of the salary system for general practitioners and expand the career development prospects of general practitioners.

The fourth is to accelerate the construction of a high-level public health personnel training system.

Build a number of high-level public health colleges, take the master of public health professional degree training program as the main training program of public health graduate education, create and develop the professional doctor of public health education, and increase the supply of high-level professional talents.

The fifth is to accelerate the training of high-level compound medical talents.

Promote the cross integration of medical engineering, medical science, and medical literature, promote the cultivation of compound innovative top-notch talents with "medicine + X" multidisciplinary backgrounds, and carry out high-end basic medicine and pharmaceutical talent training reforms.

  Question: To provide a strong guarantee for people’s health, the quality of personnel training is particularly important. What reform measures does the "Guiding Opinions" propose to improve the quality of medical education personnel training?

  Answer: "Life is the most important thing, there are precious daughters", quality is the "lifeline" of medical education.

College medical education is an important foundation for the three-stage continuum of medical talent training.

One of the key tasks of this reform and innovation is to comprehensively improve the quality of medical personnel training in colleges and universities.

  One is to improve the quality of imported students.

Relying on high-level universities to build a number of first-class medical schools, expand the enrollment scale of undergraduate medical majors in the institutions of the central government, and increase support for medical education in the "Strong Foundation Plan".

The second is to cultivate benevolent medical talents.

Deepen the reform of teaching content, curriculum system and teaching methods, promote the "Excellent Doctor Education and Training Program 2.0", and build about 600 first-class professional construction sites for medical undergraduates.

Promote the reform of medical education classroom teaching, strengthen the construction of grassroots teaching organizations such as the teaching and research section, and strengthen the education of public health and preventive medicine, and infectious disease prevention and control knowledge for medical students.

Strengthen the training of nursing professionals to improve students' critical thinking and clinical practice capabilities.

The third is to inherit, innovate and develop Chinese medicine education.

Concentrate superior resources to expand and strengthen the backbone of Chinese medicine, focus on the cultivation of classic Chinese medicine abilities, and strengthen the cultivation of students' thinking in Chinese medicine.

A nine-year integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine education will be carried out on a pilot basis to cultivate small but sophisticated, high-level and high-level integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine talents.

The fourth is to consolidate the main position of medical personnel training in university hospitals.

Medical education collaborates to strengthen and standardize the management of affiliated hospitals of universities, strengthen the main functions of clinical teaching in affiliated hospitals, strengthen the training of clinical practice ability of medical students, and strive to promote early clinical, multi-clinical, and repeated clinical practice for medical students.

The fifth is to systematically promote the overall management of medical education in comprehensive universities.

Realize the functions of the medical school (department), improve the medical education management and operation mechanism of universities, medical schools (departments), and affiliated hospitals to ensure the integrity of medical education.

The sixth is to establish a sound medical education quality evaluation and certification system.

Accelerate the promotion of medical education professional certification, build a medical education certification system covering all medical majors, and establish a medical education professional certification system with Chinese characteristics and international equivalents.

Seven is to accelerate the establishment of a base for basic medical research and innovation.

Give full play to the comprehensive advantages of a comprehensive university and establish a platform and mechanism for "medicine + X" multi-disciplinary cross integration.

Focusing on life and health, clinical diagnosis and treatment, biosafety, drug innovation, vaccine research and other fields, build a high integration of clinical diagnosis and treatment, life sciences, and drug research and development, medicine and artificial intelligence, materials and other engineering and biology, chemistry and other sciences. Innovative and basic research It is a world-class medical basic research innovation base with Chinese characteristics that supports clinical diagnosis and treatment innovation.

  Question: How to further deepen the reform of standardized resident training and improve the quality of talent training?

  Answer: The "Guiding Opinions" focus on ensuring reasonable treatment for residents and comprehensively improving the quality of standardized training for residents (hereinafter referred to as residential training), and deepening the reform of standardized training for residents.

  In terms of guaranteeing reasonable treatment for resident doctors, first, the residential training base is required to formulate standards for the remuneration and benefits of trainees, and give preference to general medicine and pediatrics.

Second, for the training subjects recruited from the society, the living training base will sign labor contracts with them in accordance with the law to clarify the rights and obligations of both parties. After the labor contracts expire, the training subjects will choose their own jobs.

The third is that the general college graduates recruited from the society who are qualified for residential training and are employed in medical and health institutions in the same year are treated as fresh graduates of the year in terms of recruitment, dispatch, and settlement.

Fourth, clinical doctors with undergraduate qualifications who have undergone residency training are treated the same as postgraduates in clinical medicine and traditional Chinese medicine in terms of recruitment, promotion of professional titles, job hiring, and salary.

This is also an important measure to get rid of "education-only".

  In terms of comprehensively improving the quality of resident training, one is to take medical ethics and medical style-related courses as compulsory courses to cultivate good doctors with benevolence and skill.

The second is to consolidate the medical theoretical foundation of residents, and strengthen the training of residents' clinical thinking and clinical practice capabilities.

The third is to strengthen the training of resident physicians in shortage of general medicine and other majors, strengthen standardized training of public health physicians, and cultivate a group of public health talents for prevention and treatment.

The fourth is to strengthen informatization and build a number of national residential training demonstration bases, key professional bases, key teacher training bases and standardized residential training practical skills assessment bases.

The fifth is to promote the certification of medical education bases after graduation and the certification of continuing medical education credits, and use the pass rate of the residential training completion assessment and the results of the annual business level test as the core indicators of the quality of the residential training base.

  Question: How to promote continuing medical education?

  Answer: First, in response to the shortcomings in the knowledge and skills of medical staff exposed by the new crown pneumonia epidemic, based on the previous emphasis on medical ethics, laws and regulations as compulsory courses, it further clarified the requirements for emergency and critical rescue, infection and treatment. Public health knowledge and skills such as self-protection, infectious disease prevention and control, and health education are required courses for medical staff.

The second is to vigorously develop distance education and improve the distance continuing medical education network.

Gradually promote a verifiable self-study model.

The third is to include the medical staff’s continuing medical education as a necessary content of their annual performance appraisal.

Fourth, in terms of funding security, employers are required to increase investment, extract and use employee education funds in accordance with laws and regulations, and ensure that all on-the-job medical staff receive continuing medical education and vocational retraining.

  Question: How to ensure that the reform measures for the innovation and development of medical education are implemented and achieved practical results?

  Answer: The innovation and development of medical education is a complex system engineering that requires the coordinated advancement of multiple departments such as education, health, development and reform, finance, and human resources.

The "Guiding Opinions" put forward specific safeguard measures from three aspects.

First, strengthen organization and leadership.

Relevant departments should further strengthen the comprehensive management and overall planning of medical education, and coordinate to solve problems related to the innovation and development of medical education.

All localities and relevant departments must make careful arrangements, coordinate resources, and implement responsibilities, and incorporate the innovative development of medical education into the economic and social development plan of the region and the key work plan of the department.

The second is to implement major national strategic projects.

Coordinating the funding resources of all parties, strengthening the protection of medical education investment, supporting national and regional medical education development bases, first-class medical schools, high-level public health schools, medical basic research innovation bases, national resident training demonstration bases, and continuing medical education Informatization and other construction, the central budget has invested in increasing support for medical schools.

The third is to ensure funding.

Actively support the innovation and development of medical education, reasonably determine and adjust the average fixed funding standard and housing training subsidy standards for medical students based on financial resources, price changes, and training costs. Local people's governments at all levels implement input responsibilities in accordance with regulations.