China News Service, Guangzhou, August 29 (Cai Minjie, Jian Wenyang) According to the Associated Press report on the 29th, "Black Panther" actor Chadwick Bosman died of colon cancer, causing concern. Huang Meijin, director of the Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the Sixth Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, said that colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer, is currently a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Its occurrence is related to diet, carcinogens, and intestinal inflammatory diseases. It is related to genetic factors.

　　"Black Panther" actor Chadwick Boseman (Chadwick Boseman) died of colon cancer at the age of 43. It is reported that Bosman was diagnosed with colon cancer 4 years ago.

　　Colorectal cancer is one of the nine common malignant tumors in China, and the number of people who die from it every year is high. Early screening for colorectal cancer can achieve the purpose of early diagnosis, early treatment, and improvement of the curative effect. The most common early screening includes stool screening and colonoscopy.

　　Studies have shown that the vast majority of patients with bowel cancer have bowel polyps at the beginning, and gradually develop colon cancer due to the lack of timely diagnosis and treatment. Intestinal polyps are protruding growths on the surface of the intestinal mucosa. They generally refer to the tissues that grow on the intestinal wall and protrude into the intestinal lumen. In most cases, the risk of canceration of small, inflammatory or hyperplastic polyps is relatively low.

　　Huang Meijin said that the larger the polyps are, the more likely they are to be malignant or precancerous. Most intestinal polyps cause no symptoms, so it is difficult for the patient to detect it. The most common symptom is blood in the stool. Large polyps may also cause abdominal pain or intestinal obstruction or even intussusception (intussusception refers to the intussusception of one segment of the intestine into another, like a folded kaleidoscope).

　　Intestinal polyps usually need to rely on electronic colonoscopy to be found. During the colonoscopy, the doctor will collect some samples of intestinal polyps and use pathological tests to see how much their risk of cancer is.

　　Once abnormal stools appear, it will sound the alarm for bowel cancer, including changes in stool characteristics, mucus, pus and blood in stools or thin stools; changes in stool habits, such as punctual stool every morning, sudden changes in time; changes in stool frequency, Once a day becomes several times a day, or alternate constipation and diarrhea, the feeling of inexhaustible stools.

　　For colorectal cancer, the performance is often different according to the location of the tumor.

　　Food residue first enters the right colon through the end of the small intestine, where it is still mushy without forming. After reaching the left colon and rectum, water is absorbed and gradually becomes a shaped stool. In addition, most of the right colon tumors are lumpy growths, and the intestinal cavity is not easy to narrow. Most of the left colon is ulcerative growth, which is prone to intestinal stenosis. Therefore, right colon cancer mainly manifests as anemia and weight loss and abdominal masses, left colon cancer mainly manifests as bowel obstruction and abdominal pain, and rectal cancer manifests as increased stool frequency and blood in the stool.

　　It usually takes 5-10 years to develop from normal intestinal mucosa to adenomatous polyps (especially villous adenomas with a cancer rate of 25%-85%) and then to tumors. In the meantime, on the premise that there are no symptoms, normal people start colonoscopy at the age of 40, which can play a role in early detection of bowel cancer, and high-risk groups need to be 35 years old. If polyps are found in the census, they should be reviewed regularly after removal.

　　Huang Meijin said that in general, if any of the above-mentioned changes in stool, or unexplained weight loss, anemia, or a lump in the abdomen occurs, you must go to the gastroenterology department of a regular hospital or Gastrointestinal surgery visits to screen for tumors.

　　Huang Meijin said that the daily diet advocates eating more high-fiber, low-fat foods, such as vegetables, fruits, etc., instead of eating fried foods and animal oils; maintain good habits, do not smoke, drink less, stay up late, and develop The habit of defecation every day can prevent constipation; proper calcium supplementation can reduce the occurrence of intestinal polyps. (Finish)