The German poet Goethe is credited with saying that great poetry is the poetry of occasions, and he may have said this after his literary experience in which he was influenced by Arabic poetry, as he indicated in his book "The Eastern Court of the Western Author".
Historically, Arabic poetry has been interacting with social and religious occasions since its early ages. Poems and their poems on the occasion of Eid have varied to include congratulations, praise, description, and crying over the ruins.
It also varied from pride of the crescent moon to complain and delegated the case to make Eid Al-Fitr and Al-Adha seasons of joys and sorrows together for Arab poets.
The events represent a literary breakthrough for poets and stimulate their imagination to perpetuate it poetic. The writer is part of his community and depicts the events in his poetic language and his inexhaustible imagination.
Despite the difference in the critics '"etiquette literature", the poets' poem did not dry up and "Memory of the Arabs" memorized the poems of the festivals, both ancient and modern.
And before Islam, the Arabs knew festivals and occasions about which the pre-Islamic poets wrote, among them were the wickedness of evil, al-Nabigha al-Dhubyani, Othman bin al-Hawarith, and even Hassan bin Thabit before his conversion to Islam.
Praise and Wisdom
Some poets found in the holidays an occasion to enlist the poems in praise of the princes, including the Ahwazi poet Shihab al-Din bin Matuq, who wrote a praise in one of the poems of his Diwan, which his son gathered after him, saying:
Let your fasts dim after Eid al-Fitr
Show you with your heart envy a breakfast
A crescent came upon you
If I met him ashamed, he disappeared
Pointing and returning towards you every year
It establishes a covenant and a disdain for you
And the poet Ibn Rashik Al-Qayrawani - who was born in Al-Masila and moved to Kairouan and Sicily in the absence of Al-Moez Bin Badis Sultan Al-Zairians in Africa and Kairouan - found an opportunity to express his longing for the absent prince who ruled 47 years, and he said:
He grimmed the feast and smashed his gestures, and I entrusted to him people and laughter
As if he came to fold the ground after longing for you, when he did not find you wept
It is narrated from the Abbasid poet Ashja'a bin Omar Al-Salami that he wrote to the caliph Harun al-Rashid verses ranging from praise and congratulations on one of the holidays, saying:
You are still posting and folding holidays
You spend days with it and praise it
Receiving the decoration of the world and its delight
Our days for you do not destroy and perish
The world did not bring you down, nor did you go
Eons gives you days and folds
Let the conquest and days come to you
The victory is held by you, its forbidden
Some poets wrote verses from the poems of wisdom and exhortation, including Al-Bahturi, who said about the presenter of Eid Al-Fitr after Ramadan:
The month passed, even if he said informer
To commend the days of the month
I protected the piety of God and the piousness that
You came, you have no moonshine and no desertion
I made a good dear to you
And all that was made by Saleh Thakhr
And you will have to come around the country soon
Yemen and Iqbal meet you mushroom
Ibn al-Roumi, the Abbasid poet, famous for his distinguished literature, wrote beautiful verses in which he mixed praise and congratulations for the feast, saying:
And when the month of fasting passed due to his virtue
The feast's crescent is told from the west
As a sheikh of a young man of longevity
He refers to us as the symbol of eating and drinking
The fast went with a commendable companion
Al-Fitr came with Mooduda
The fast went, and it tells you
And the break the fast when it tells you good
In another poem, Ibn al-Roumi preceded a meaning that was repeated after him, and he said:
People have Eid and Eid days
When I saw you, gentlemen, fishing
When they celebrate two days in a year
You had my days off for you
In the same meaning as Ibn al-Roumi, a poet Abbasi spoke to Baghdadi, it is likely that Abu Ishaq al-Sabi had wonderful verses in exchange for the face of al-Mamdouh and the presenter of the feast, and he said:
Eid saw your face for Eid
If it is more beautiful than him
And grow when the crescent moon saw you
Do it when you see a crescent moon
He saw from you his sight
Hala brightened its faces hills
Sadness and complaining
Arab poetry was not devoid of sadness, nor is the poetry of holidays and occasions an exception, unlike the compassion of the poet’s sense, a person’s feeling of pain and sadness is multiplied on the occasion sometimes, as the poet compares between what he is supposed to have of joy and pride in the feast and what he experiences in terms of alienation, separation, loss or deprivation A tight condition causes him to complain and pour tears on verses.
Al-Mutanabbi wrote his famous poem in which the ruler of Egypt, Kafur Al-Akhshidi, escaped during his escape to the Levant on the night of Eid Al-Adha in the middle of the fourth century AH, and he opened it, saying:
Eid anyway, I came back, Eid, when a mother has gone through an order for you to renew
As for the beloved ones, without them, you will be left without you without a hand
Were it not for the Most High, you would not answer me with what I answer, and the felony of a letter, nor a barrier.
And it was more pleasant than a sword to embrace the likes of elegance.
He left no time in my heart, nor did my liver something that was orphaned by an eye, nor good
The poet goes on with his poem, which is filled with worries and sorrows of the feast, complaining about what has become bad situation after the desert between him and his loved ones, hopes and aspirations.
But he admits that his ambition and his pursuit of glory is what compelled him to ride the odds, ride the desert and leave the beautiful women to fulfill his broad hopes in life, asking his friends about the poets of the pre-Islamic period: "My legs are red in your cups, or in your cups they are worried and sober."
Al-Mutanabbi goes on to mention what happened to him, as he became inanimate without feelings and no longer singing, and camphor shouted and reproached him for his color and bad manners, but praises the sword of the state, al-Hamdani, saying:
Congratulations on your Eid, which is its Eid
A holiday for those who called and sacrificed a holiday
The holidays are still worn after him
Submit a flat tire and be given again
So this day is the same as you in the past
Just as you were one of them, it was one
Likewise, the poet Prince Al-Mu'tamid bin Abbad complained after his departure from his authority and his country and his hardships. He survived after the glory of the Sultan and his riches. saying:
In the past, I used to be happy with the holidays, and your feast was a long life
And you thought that Eid was happy, so the Eid was covered in captive songs
You see your daughters hungry while hungry to wear them
Their pension is a professor who spin for people who do not possess Qomira
I broke my fast on the Eid, I did not abuse him again, and I am not excused for my feast today
I used to think that the mushrooms were cheerful, so breaking your fast in livers was breaking your fast
Some critics say that Arabic poetry was often the occasion of the occasion, as if the "devil of poetry" was waiting for the end of Ramadan to descend on poets with his revelation and inspiration, so they would write poems of the feast and give the occasion a dress of fiction and the cloak of literature, so people swayed with music of poetry, even though the poet might have written his poem Motivated by longing, groaning and complaining.
Despite what some critics take on the poetry of occasions as it does not emanate from a sincere affection - according to their opinion - most of the poetry comments were written on special occasions.
The occasions dictated to the poet exceptional feelings that led him to sing with his poem in its place and its own time, as it is not a false fake poetry but rather a delusion in the feeling and an abundance of exquisite literary inspiration.