How to prevent and cure ozone pollution in summer? The "Struggling Plan" is released: keep an eye on, be strict and don't engage in "one size fits all"
Ozone has become the primary factor leading to excessive air quality in some cities. According to data released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the number of cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta, the Fenwei Plain, and the border areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, and Luyu accounted for 28% of the total number of prefecture-level and above cities in the country. From June to September, ozone exceeded the standard The number of days accounts for 70% of the total number of days exceeding the national standard.
In the summer, the period of high incidence of ozone pollution has come again. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important precursors for the formation of ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). According to the "Tackling Plan for Volatile Organic Compounds in 2020" (hereinafter referred to as "tackling plan") announced by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment recently, from July to September, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will organize enhanced supervision and assistance for the prevention and control of ozone pollution in summer and go deep into Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei And the surrounding areas, the border areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and Henan, and other areas with heavy ozone pollution prevention and control tasks, guide local governments to optimize their volatile organic compound management programs; pay close attention to industrial parks, enterprise clusters, and key management and control enterprises, and implement "drawing accounts" for discovered problems Follow-up management, supervise the establishment of local account books, formulate rectification plans, and ensure the completion of the "13th Five-Year" environmental air quality improvement target task.
VOCs treatment is an effective way to control ozone pollution
Ozone has become the primary factor leading to excessive air quality in some cities. According to data released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the number of cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta, the Fenwei Plain, and the border areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, and Luyu accounted for 28% of the total number of prefecture-level and above cities in the country. From June to September, ozone exceeded the standard The number of days accounts for 70% of the total number of days exceeding the national standard.
In the air, VOCs and nitrogen oxides generate ozone again. VOCs are mainly present in the company's original auxiliary materials or products, most of which are flammable and explosive, and some are toxic and harmful substances. Strengthening the governance of VOCs is an effective way to control ozone pollution at this stage, and it is also a powerful means to help companies achieve resource conservation, improve efficiency, and reduce potential safety hazards.
Huang Runqiu, Minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that of the 9 restrictive indicators in the field of ecological and environmental protection identified in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan", there are still 2 indicators that have not yet been completed.
The low level of VOCs pollution control is the main factor that is difficult to complete the excellent days ratio index. The work objectives proposed in the Tackling Plans are that through tackling actions, VOCs governance capacity will be significantly improved, VOCs emissions will be significantly reduced, and ozone pollution in summer will be suppressed to a certain extent. The key areas, the border areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, Luyu and other ozone pollution prevention and control tasks will be heavy The average number of good days in June-September increased by about 11 days year-on-year in all regions, which promoted the complete completion of the binding index of the province’s (regional and municipal) good days ratio as determined by the 13th Five-Year Plan.
However, unlike other atmospheric pollutants, ozone pollution has obvious seasonality and other characteristics. Liu Youbin, a spokesman for the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, emphasized that the Tackling Plan adheres to precise pollution control, focusing on the problems of insufficient source substitution in the current VOCs management, serious unorganized emissions, simple and inefficient treatment facilities, and inadequate monitoring and monitoring. Focus on the time of summer and autumn with high incidence of ozone pollution as the key control period; focus on the location of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, the Yangtze River Delta, the Fenwei Plain, and the border areas of Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and Anhui; highlight the measures to reduce emissions at the source With process management, both organized and unorganized emission control are equally important, and management and control measures are proposed for the whole process, the whole chain and the whole link. Make overall planning for epidemic prevention and control, stable and healthy economic and social development and win the key tasks of the blue sky defense battle, and promote industrial transformation and upgrading and high-quality economic development.
Scientific pollution control to improve the level of VOCs management
There are many and scattered sources of VOCs emissions. In addition to plant-based emissions, their sources include motor vehicle exhaust emissions, volatile oil leakage, industrial enterprise emissions, solvent emissions, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) emissions. VOCs emissions vary greatly among cities. For example, the source analysis results of VOCs in Guangzhou and Beijing show that LPG use accounts for 16.32% of the total VOCs in Guangzhou and only 2.64% in Beijing.
Liu Youbin said that the "Strengthening Plan" emphasizes scientific pollution control. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will carry out remote sensing monitoring of ozone precursors such as formaldehyde and nitrogen oxides in key areas by means of satellite remote sensing, and select key areas for VOCs governance. Make full use of navigation monitoring, manual sampling monitoring and VOCs traceability analysis to determine key VOCs and species lists, industry lists, and emission links. Focus on olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes and other atmospheric photochemically reactive substances in species; focus on petrochemical, chemical, industrial coating, packaging and printing industries with large emissions of VOCs active substances and oil storage and transportation pin. In the discharge link, the focus is on VOCs material storage, transfer and transportation, production process, equipment and pipeline component leakage, and open liquid surface escape, etc.
The "Strengthening Plan" also specifies a specific timetable. In order to strengthen the unorganized emission control, companies are required to collect and transport packaging containers containing VOCs materials and waste adsorbents before July 15th and deliver them to qualified units for disposal; In terms of improving the comprehensive treatment efficiency, the organization organized self-examination of the existing VOCs waste gas collection rate, synchronous operation rate and removal rate of the treatment facility, etc., to be completed by July 15th; for the deepening of the park and cluster remediation, before July 15th, each Based on the local industrial structure characteristics and VOCs emission sources, the city determines the key industries for local VOCs control, organizes the investigation of VOCs-related industrial parks, enterprise clusters, and key management and control enterprises, clarifies the main production links of VOCs, and establishes management accounts one by one.
Beijing is a key area for VOCs governance. Yang Hongyu, Director of the Pollution Source Management Department of the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, said that there are currently nearly 3,000 VOCs industrial enterprises in Beijing, mainly distributed in oil refining and petrochemical, industrial coating, pharmaceutical manufacturing, printing, semiconductor and electronics industries. In order to coordinate the reduction of PM2.5 and ozone concentration, VOCs treatment will be the focus of air pollution prevention and control in 2020. Encourage enterprises to adopt feasible technologies for pollution prevention and improve the management level of VOCs. Since the 13th Five-Year Plan, a total of 236 environmental protection technological transformations have been organized.
According to the data released by the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment: As of the end of June, Beijing has adjusted out of 68 general manufacturing enterprises and completed nearly 6,000 VOCs special law enforcement inspections; organized 61 key industry enterprises to carry out VOCs “one factory, one policy” depth Governance, carry out centralized governance and transformation of auto repair enterprises; innovate the supervision mode, carry out VOCs monitoring in key industrial parks, accurately identify the high value points of VOCs concentration, etc., and VOCs emissions have achieved a rigid decline.
Strictly supervise in accordance with the law, do not engage in "one size fits all"
In order to ensure the authenticity, accuracy, and reliability of VOCs emission reduction data, the Tackling Plan proposes to improve the monitoring and monitoring system and establish a data sharing mechanism. Cities with large VOCs emissions and heavy ozone pollution should give priority to the automatic monitoring of VOCs to achieve direct data connection with China Environmental Monitoring Station.
Specifically, on the one hand, it is to improve the monitoring and control system, requiring industrial parks, enterprise clusters with high VOCs concentration, and enterprises with slow progress in governance, strong complaints from the public, and prominent problems to be encrypted and monitored frequently, punished strictly according to law, and announced to the public. Credited to the integrity file, etc. On the other hand, we will increase financial, policy, technological, and service assistance and support. Liu Youbin said that from July to September, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment will organize intensified supervision and assistance for the prevention and control of ozone pollution in summer, organize an expert team to go to key areas, find problems, check the pulse, provide work suggestions for common problems and prominent problems, and guide local optimization. The VOCs governance plan promotes the achievement of various tasks and measures in the Tough Plan.
"Strictly supervise and govern according to law, strictly implement the supervision and enforcement of "double random, one open", do not engage in full coverage, "one size fits all." Liu Youbin emphasized that the implementation of differentiated management of enterprises, reduce on-site inspections of enterprises included in the positive list of supervision and enforcement Frequency, to minimize interference with the normal production of enterprises. According to the requirements of the "Strengthening Plan", the central special funds for air pollution prevention and control and the special environmental protection funds of various provinces will focus on VOCs governance. Establish benchmarking enterprises and provide support in government green procurement and corporate credit financing.
At present, Qingdao, Jining, Shandong, Xi'an, Shaanxi, Zhengzhou, Henan and other places have all launched action plans for the treatment of volatile organic compounds in the region. Xiong Biyong, deputy director of the Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Eco-Environment, emphasized that around the AQI (Air Quality Index) binding index, a 100-day action for remediation of volatile organic compounds in summer and autumn was established, and a responsibility assessment mechanism was established, with responsibility assigned to others.