By the end of 2020, my country will master a full set of maglev technology at a speed of 600 kilometers per hour
Our reporter Jiaoyang
On June 21, the 600 km/h high-speed maglev test sample car developed by CRRC Sifang Co., Ltd. was successfully tested on the maglev test line of Shanghai Tongji University.
What kind of transportation is maglev at 600 kilometers per hour? What is the technical principle?
"600 km/h high-speed maglev train is a faster high-speed rail transportation system." Wu Donghua, deputy chief engineer of CRRC Sifang Co., Ltd., told Sci-tech Daily that the basic principle of this transportation system is to use "same-repulsion and heterosexuality. The "sucking" electromagnetic floating principle uses magnets to resist gravity, suspends the vehicle, and then uses the electromagnetic force to guide the train forward. It has fast and comfortable, large passenger capacity, flexible marshalling, fast start and stop, safe and reliable, and maintenance Technical characteristics such as low volume.
Compared with the three long-distance public transportation modes of high-speed rail, maglev and aviation, the three speeds are below 400 kilometers per hour, 400-600 kilometers and 800-1000 kilometers, respectively.
"High-speed maglev fills the speed gap between high-speed rail and air transportation, and can form a multi-dimensional traffic architecture of aviation, high-speed rail, high-speed maglev and urban traffic speed, so that the transportation mode is more reasonable, efficient, flexible and convenient, and meet the needs of different people." Wu Donghua Say.
Is the maglev at 600 kilometers per hour a super high-speed rail?
In Wu Donghua's view, the concept of super high-speed rail originated in the United States. It uses pipelines to create a low-vacuum environment to reduce aerodynamic drag and noise generated by high-speed operation. It also uses magnetic levitation technology for traction, hoping to achieve higher speeds of more than 1,000 kilometers per hour. Low-vacuum pipeline transportation is a brand-new field. Many theoretical issues, system-wide engineering solutions, and a series of key issues such as system heat dissipation, life support, rescue and escape, and emergency support have yet to be studied and solved.
Wu Donghua said that the high-speed maglev transportation system is currently the fastest large-scale ground public transportation that can be achieved, and it is a major "commanding height" of the current world rail transportation technology.
The concept of maglev technology originated from the beginning of the last century. In 1922, German engineer Hermann Kemper was inspired by the maximum resistance of the train from the friction between the train wheels and the wheel rails. If the train floats on the track and there is no friction, will it run faster? In 1934, Hermann won the world's first patent on magnetic levitation technology.
Since then, many developed countries such as Germany, Japan, and the United States have begun to develop high-speed maglev technology. Among them, the highest test speed of the German high-speed maglev reached 550 kilometers per hour, and a commercial operation line of 430 kilometers per hour was built in Shanghai, my country. Japan's high-speed maglev has achieved a test speed of 603 kilometers per hour. The currently operating speed of the Central Shinkansen will be 505 kilometers per hour. It is planned to open the Tokyo to Nagoya section in 2027.
"The 600 km/h high-speed maglev train that my country is researching and developing, and the JR maglev train that Japan is testing and evaluating, belong to the most advanced new-generation high-speed rail transportation today." Wu Donghua said.
What are the high-speed maglev transportation systems of 600 kilometers per hour? What are the key core technologies? What are the difficulties?
"The high-speed maglev transportation system mainly includes core technologies such as system integration, vehicles, suspension guidance, traction power supply, and operation and control communications. It focuses on overcoming technical difficulties such as safety protection, precise control, comfort improvement, and operation and maintenance support at a speed of 600 kilometers per hour. "Wu Donghua said.
In July 2016, China launched the development of a high-speed maglev transportation system with a speed of 600 kilometers per hour. The key technology was included in the national "Thirteenth Five-Year" Special Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation in the Transportation Field. Subject.
According to reports, since the project was launched in July 2016, after nearly 4 years of scientific and technological research, the project team has broken through the following key core technologies of the high-speed maglev series.
In terms of vehicles, it has independently overcome the core technology of maglev trains and successfully developed a high-speed maglev test prototype with a speed of 600 kilometers per hour.
Regarding the traction system, we independently developed the world's first 24MVA high-power traction converter system based on ANPC technology and a high-speed multi-zone traction control system.
In terms of operation and control communication, a fully automatic control system suitable for growing trunk lines and tracking operations is established, and a new communication system based on LTE architecture and incorporating low-latency technology is innovatively developed.
In terms of line track, the research put forward core technical indicators such as line parameters, track accuracy grade and track beam stiffness, combined with high-speed rail bridge technology to develop new type track beams, to solve the aspects of processing, installation, adjustment, rescue and escape, crossing rivers, crossing mountains and entering cities The problem.
"The sample car successfully tested on June 21 has solved a series of problems such as light weight, strength, stiffness and noise of the car body under ultra-high speed conditions, and developed a new generation of light and high-strength car body; The constraints of the complex interaction of solid coupling solve the problems of aerodynamic drag and lift, and the aerodynamic performance reaches the international advanced level; the development of high-precision suspension guidance, speed measurement positioning devices and control systems, the performance index is leading the world." Wu Donghua said.
According to Ding Sansan, the person in charge of the high-speed maglev project and the deputy chief engineer of CRRC Sifang Co., Ltd., the research and development of the high-speed maglev project is progressing smoothly. At the same time as the successful trial run of the test sample car, the development of five marshalling engineering sample cars is also steadily advancing . According to the plan, the prototype system of the high-speed maglev project with a speed of 600 kilometers per hour is expected to be rolled out by the end of 2020, and a full set of high-speed maglev technology and engineering capabilities will be formed.