my country will build the first constellation of marine civil service satellites
"5, 4, 3, 2, 1... Ignite!" At 2:31 on June 11, my country successfully launched the Ocean One D star with the Long March 2C carrier rocket at the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center.
As a new member of China's marine aquatic satellite family, Ocean One D star and Ocean One C star will form China's first marine business satellite constellation to form a two-star network in the morning and afternoon, and carry out a wide range, high precision, high Frequent observations fill the gap in the absence of afternoon observation data of China’s ocean color satellites. This is of great significance for carrying out global climate change research, coping with global climate warming and ecological civilization construction faced by mankind, and will open a new era for the integrated development of my country's natural resource satellite land and sea.
Five loads show magical powers
On May 15, 2002, China’s first marine aquatic satellite, Ocean One A, was launched at the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center, ending our country’s history of no ocean satellites and opening the “Ocean One” satellite series. A new era of development.
According to the requirements of the "Land and Sea Observation Satellite Business Development Plan (2011-2020)" issued by the state in 2012, before 2020, my country will launch two marine aqua business satellites. The successful launch of Ocean One D star marked the successful conclusion of this mission.
The Ocean One D star and the Long March 2 C carrier rocket were developed by the fifth and first institutes of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, respectively. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is responsible for the organization and management of the Ocean One D-Star project, and the Ministry of Natural Resources is the lead user department.
Liu Jianqiang, deputy director of the National Satellite Marine Application Center of the Ministry of Natural Resources, introduced that Ocean One D is my country's fourth marine aquatic satellite and the third marine operational satellite in my country's space infrastructure planning. Its appearance is similar to that of Ocean One C star, and its technical performance is basically the same as that of C star. It is used to continuously obtain global water color and temperature data, monitor the changes in the ecological environment of China's coastal zones, rivers and lakes, and at the same time serve natural resources investigation and environment. Ecology, emergency disaster reduction, agriculture, meteorology, water conservancy, transportation and other industries.
The Ocean One D star launched this time is equipped with five major loads: ocean water color temperature scanner, coastal zone imager, ultraviolet imager, calibration spectrometer, and ship automatic identification system. Among them, the ocean water color water temperature scanner is used to detect global ocean water color elements and sea surface temperature fields; the coastal zone imager is used to obtain the ecological environment information of the near-shore water body, coastal zone, rivers and lakes; the ultraviolet imager is used to the near-shore high turbid water body atmosphere Calibration; the calibration spectrometer is used to monitor the on-orbit radiation accuracy and stability of the water color water temperature scanner and the ultraviolet imager; the ship automatic identification system is used to obtain the position information of the ocean ship. The marine aquatic elements detected by these loads can be used to carry out operational monitoring and scientific research on aquatic environment, water quality, ocean fishery, sea temperature, seawater, red tide, green tide, coastal zone and polar scientific research.
Network observations will become the "new normal" of future marine business satellites
"The ocean is a four-dimensional, dynamically changing flowing water body, and the time and space scales of ocean elements are also diverse." Liu Jianqiang said that the multi-star network must be used to increase the spatial width and increase the frequency of coverage, thereby providing fast and high-precision Satellite remote sensing data to meet the requirements of operational monitoring services.
After the operation of the Ocean One D star and the Ocean One C star in orbit, the afternoon observation of the sea area affected by the solar flare can be avoided in the morning, and the observation area covered by clouds and the unobserved area in the morning can be obtained in the afternoon. Compensation will greatly improve the global ocean water color, coastal zone resources and ecological environment effective observation capabilities.
Taking the Bohai Sea ice in winter and the Huangdong Sea Marsh monitoring in summer as an example, he further explained: "If only a single satellite coastal zone imager is used to monitor, we can get the sea ice and marsh information at a certain time, but due to the orbit With a limited width, it can only be obtained once every 3 days. If there is a cloud, you can only wait for another 3 days, and you can't meet the requirements for effective coverage every day, and the intermediate change process and mutations in the area of interest cannot be found in time. Double Star Ocean satellites operating in a network can increase the probability of obtaining valid data, and as the timeliness of the data increases, the accuracy of the forecast will also be greatly improved."
"In the future, networked observations will become the'new normal' of marine business satellites." Liu Jianqiang said that only comprehensive, long-term, continuous and effective monitoring can understand the distribution and change process of various elements of natural resources, including the ocean, and discover changes, Make reasonable spatial planning, scientifically develop and control natural resources, and monitor and deal with various natural disasters in a timely manner.
It is understood that the current Ocean 2 satellite network is vigorously advancing, and the Ocean 3 satellite network is coming soon. Jiang Xingwei, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and the former director of the National Satellite Marine Application Center, said in an interview with the media that with the operation of the Ocean One, Ocean Two, and Ocean Three series of satellites, China will enter the visible, infrared, and microwave multi-method business The new era of integrated ocean monitoring provides reliable support for ocean monitoring management, and at the same time provides more services in areas such as natural resource surveys, emergency relief, and ecological environment. (Reporter Chen Yu Fu Yifei)