China News Service, June 10th, Liao Xiyuan, director of the Science and Technology Education Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said on the 10th that it has been ten years since the "one pollution general" to "two pollution general". Pollution emissions in the field have dropped significantly. The output of agriculture is getting higher, less pollution is being emitted, and the green background is getting brighter.
On the morning of the 10th, the State Council Information Office held a press conference to introduce the relevant situation of the Second National Pollutant Source Census Bulletin. At the meeting, a reporter asked what measures the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has taken to strengthen the prevention and control of agricultural pollution? What is the change in agricultural pollution emissions compared with the first census of pollution sources?
Liao Xiyuan said that it has been ten years since the "One Pollution" and "Two Pollution". During this period, China’s grain output increased from 500 million tons to 660 million tons, and meat, egg and milk production increased from 120 million tons to 140 million tons. The output of aquaculture increased from 31 million tons to 47 million tons, and the supply of grain and important agricultural products is sufficient. At the same time, pollution emissions in the agricultural sector have decreased significantly, and chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus emissions have fallen by 19%, 48%, and 25%, respectively. It can be said that the output of agriculture is getting higher and higher, the pollution emitted is getting less and less, and the green background is getting brighter.
Liao Xiyuan pointed out that the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs insists on putting green development in a prominent position, speeding up the transformation of agricultural development mode, starting a tough battle for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, and implementing the five major actions of agricultural green development. The use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has been growing negatively for three consecutive years. The comprehensive utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure reached 75%, the comprehensive utilization rate of straw reached 85%, and the recovery rate of agricultural film reached 80%. Agricultural development has shifted from relying mainly on resources and consumption to sustainable development in the past, and a new pattern of quality-based agriculture, efficiency-oriented agriculture and green-oriented agriculture has been initially formed.
First, strengthen policy support. Implement and implement the "Opinions on Innovating System and Mechanism to Promote Green Development of Agriculture" issued by the State Council Office of the People's Republic of China, and establish and improve systems such as resource conservation and utilization, reduction of agricultural inputs, and utilization of livestock and poultry manure. Improve the green-oriented agricultural subsidy system, explore the agricultural ecological compensation mechanism, and promote the establishment of financial, land, and electricity supporting policies for agricultural green development. Cultivate new market players, develop socialized professional services, and promote third-party governance of agricultural pollution.
The second is to strengthen demonstration and guidance. In 175 counties of fruit, vegetable and tea production areas, organic fertilizers were replaced by chemical fertilizers, and a number of typical production technologies and operation models were integrated and promoted. In 705 counties, the implementation of the utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources was carried out, and the construction of breeding manure treatment facilities was carried out throughout the county. Straw treatment actions were implemented in 200 counties to create a typical model for the full use of straw. Agricultural film recycling operations were carried out in 100 counties in the northwest, promoting the application of standard plastic film, mechanized picking, and professional recycling. The whole provinces of Zhejiang, Hainan and Anhui have carried out demonstration projects of ecological recycling agriculture. The country has created 80 leading demonstration zones for rural green development, and 53 counties in 8 provinces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt have carried out comprehensive agricultural non-point source pollution control.
The third is to strengthen scientific and technological support. Optimize the layout of agricultural science and technology resources, strengthen basic research on agricultural pollution prevention and control, and integrate key technology demonstration applications. Establish national scientific and technological innovation alliances such as chemical fertilizer and pesticide reduction and efficiency increase, livestock and poultry breeding waste treatment, deepen the collaboration of industry, academia and research enterprises, and work together to break through the technical bottleneck of agricultural pollution prevention and control. It released major leading agricultural green production technologies and recommended 100 high-quality, safe, cost-effective and eco-friendly agricultural promotion technologies.
The fourth is to strengthen monitoring and evaluation. Established a “one network” for agro-ecological environment monitoring across the country, laid 40,000 farmland soil environmental quality, 240 farmland nitrogen and phosphorus losses, 500 agricultural film residues, 280 straw resource national control monitoring points, and carried out long-term routine Monitoring, keeping abreast of the dynamic changes of the agricultural ecological environment, supporting scientific pollution control and precise pollution control.
Fifth, strengthen assessment and evaluation. According to the requirements that the management industry must manage the environment, perform the duties of the agricultural and rural departments, and fully implement the responsibility of ecological and environmental protection. Refine and decompose target tasks, establish regular scheduling mechanism. Strengthen the work guidance service to key areas and promote the detailed implementation of tasks. Through special inspections, annual evaluations, third-party evaluations, etc., performance evaluation will be strengthened, and the linking mechanism between work implementation and financial support will be improved.
Liao Xiyuan said that China’s agricultural green development is in its infancy, resource investment is still at a high level, the pressure on the ecological environment does not owe new accounts and gradually return old accounts, and the long-term mechanism for green development is not yet perfect, and it needs continuous efforts and long-term efforts. For work. The next step is to place green development in a more prominent position, vigorously promote the reduction of agricultural inputs, clean production, waste recycling, and industrial model ecologicalization, continuously improve the agricultural ecological environment, and promote rural ecological revitalization.