Henan advocates a couple to have two children, and what other provinces encourage childbirth

  In the face of a declining birth rate, some places are constantly introducing measures to encourage fertility.

  On June 3, the eighteenth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th Henan Provincial People's Congress voted to pass the "Decision of the Standing Committee of the Henan Provincial People's Congress on Amending the Eight Local Regulations and Other Regulations". Among them, the first paragraph of Article 15 of the "People and Family Planning Regulations of Henan Province" was amended to read: "Promote a couple (including remarried couples) to have two children."

  Outside Henan, many places have also introduced measures to encourage childbirth. On April 8 this year, the General Office of the Shanxi Provincial People’s Government issued the “Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Development of Care Services for Infants and Children Under 3 Years of Age”, encouraging employers to give out 200 yuan per month to parents of infants and young children born within the family planning policy. Yuan for infants and young children.

  An article published on the website of the Anhui Statistics Bureau in March this year, “The Current Status and Challenges of Population Development in Our Province”, recommends establishing and gradually implementing incentives and preferential policies such as two-child family maternity allowances, house purchase subsidies, milk powder subsidies, tax reductions, etc. The child's desire to have children.

  In this year's "two sessions", encouraging births has also been a hot topic for many representatives and members. Liu Hong, deputy of the National People's Congress and president of Dalian University of Foreign Languages, suggested that drawing on the experience of other countries in the world, the state should adopt systematic subsidy policies such as cash subsidies, differentiated tax deductions, rental and purchase subsidies to promote natural population growth.

  In the "Proposal on Adjusting Social and Family Policies to Address Population Development Issues", the Central Committee of the Democratic League recommended that the possibility of childbirth be liberalized comprehensively or conditionally. The Central Committee of the Democratic League recommends that the establishment of a fertility support system be accelerated. One is to explore the establishment of a comprehensive fertility encouragement system from pregnancy to the age of 18 or the end of academic education. The second is to increase the provision of childcare services for 0-3 years old, so that the enrollment rate will be increased from the current 4% to 40%. At the same time, subsidies are provided to the (foreign) grandparents who are undergoing intergenerational care.

  According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the number of births in 2014 was 14.65 million, a decrease of 580,000 from 15.23 million in 2018. This is the third consecutive year of births in my country since the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy. Calculated based on the birth rate of the population, the birth rate of my country's population in 2019 is 10.48‰, a record low.

  Ding Changfa, an associate professor in the Department of Economics of Xiamen University, analyzed First Financial and Economics, encouraging fertility to be implemented, and to focus on "pain points" to truly solve people's problems of "can't afford to live and no longer support." At present, the birth rate of many rural populations in my country is not bad, but in large cities, the fertility rate is much worse due to factors such as high housing prices and high cost of living. Therefore, how to solve the problems of housing, medical care, education, old-age care and other people's livelihood is very important for raising the fertility rate.

  While the birth rate is lower, the birth rate varies greatly from region to region.

  According to statistics from the First Financial Reporter, the top ten provinces with a birth rate in 2019 are Tibet, Ningxia, Qinghai, Guizhou, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, Yunnan, Jiangxi, and Guangdong. From the perspective of regional distribution, provinces with high birth rates are mainly concentrated in western provinces. Many places are sparsely populated and the urbanization rate is low. Generally speaking, the rural population accounts for a large proportion and the fertility rate will be higher.

  The other part is concentrated in Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian and other southern provinces. Although Guangdong and Fujian are both developed areas along the eastern coast and have a relatively high urbanization rate, these places are affected by the local traditional fertility culture and have a higher fertility desire. In addition, like the large inflow of immigrant young people from Guangdong, the population structure is relatively young, so the fertility rate will be relatively high.

  In contrast, there are 10 provinces with a birth rate of less than 1%, namely Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Tianjin, Shanghai, Beijing, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Jiangsu. Among them, Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning ranked in the bottom three. Overall, Northeast my country has the lowest birth rate in China.

  The lower birth rate in Northeast China is related to the earlier industrialization and urbanization in Northeast China. Yi Baozhong, a professor at the Northeast Asia Research Institute of Jilin University, analyzed the first financial reporter. Northeast enterprises are mainly state-owned enterprises, and many employees are in state-owned enterprises and administrative institutions. Family planning is strictly implemented.

  In addition, the low fertility rate is also related to fewer local employment opportunities. Yibaozhong analyzed that the population outflow in Northeast China in recent years was mainly young and middle-aged people, especially many people worked in developed areas along the southeast coast after graduating from college, leaving more middle-aged and elderly people, and the overall aging degree is relatively high .

  At the National People's Congress and the National People's Congress this year, Chen Xiangqun, deputy governor of Liaoning Province, proposed in his deliberations on the government's work report that he urged to take the lead in liberalizing population and birth policies in the Northeast.

  The “Liaoning Provincial Population Development Plan (2016-2030)” released in June 2018 proposes to improve taxation, education, social security, housing and other policies, and give more incentives to families with two children. This is the first time in the past 40 years that my country has implemented a family planning policy, and a provincial government has introduced a birth control policy.

  Birth rate by province in 2019