Guide
Some time ago, the plagiarism of the EIA report in a certain place caused concern. Is a similar situation a case, or is it universal? Half a month of talks The reporter found in many places that the current EIA industry is full of chaos and a lot of chaos. The EIA report has a template, which can be applied between different projects. Some EIA institutions speculate or make subjective assumptions based on past experience, replace key parameters and conclusions in the template, and a new EIA report comes out.
Chaos like malicious bargaining appears
Ma Jun (pseudonym), a cadre of the Eco-Environmental Bureau of a municipality in the western region, introduced that the construction unit must prepare an environmental impact report and environment in accordance with the “Environmental Classification Management List of Construction Projects” of the Ministry of Eco-Environment and the environmental impact of the construction project Impact report form or fill in the environmental impact registration form. Because the EIA report is highly professional, the owner of the construction unit usually entrusts the EIA agency to prepare it.
Earlier, some EIA institutions were affiliated with the government's environmental protection system, and they were both criticized as athletes and referees. Subsequently, the National Environmental Protection System Environmental Assessment Agency Decoupling Work Plan requires that by the end of 2016, all national environmental protection system environmental assessment institutions will be delinked or withdrawn from the construction project environmental assessment technical service market, and the environmental assessment institution will be fully market-oriented and work as an independent legal person enterprise. The new version of the environmental impact assessment rules further abolishes the administrative approval for qualification assessment of environmental assessment agencies.
Liu Wen (pseudonym), a grassroots manager of an ecological and environmental bureau in Shandong Province, told Banyue Tan reporters that in the past, the EIA agency wanted to obtain a qualification license, and the number and field of EIA engineers owned by the organization must meet the requirements. "Such fields as water conservancy and hydropower, petrochemical industry, mining and smelting are separated by mountains. The EIA reports issued by different industries require EIA specialists in specialized fields."
A person in charge of an EIA agency with more than 20 years of experience in the EIA industry told Banyue Tan that since last year, the EIA agency only needs to register one EIA engineer on the environmental impact assessment credit platform, and the registration threshold has been greatly reduced. Newly-registered EIA institutions have sprung up, and the number of EIA institutions in some provinces and cities has increased by two or three times last year.
He said that the current EIA industry is "especially chaotic" and caught in the capital for profit. Compared with the established EIA institutions that have been established for many years, the newly established EIA institutions are not well-known. In order to "pull business", some of the new EIA institutions have adopted some unfair competition methods to maliciously kill prices.
"We found in our work that the EIA industry is heavily attached. Some of the companies that are entrusted are shell companies and do not have their own EIA at all. They complete the EIA report through the gunman, and then attach the report to the name of the EIA of other companies." Liu Wen said.
The owner does whatever he wants
The EIA report needs the EIA unit to analyze, predict and evaluate the possible environmental impact of the construction project, and put forward measures to protect the environment and indicators for environmental monitoring of the project.
It is understood that the current EIA reports of some projects or enterprises need to pass the expert review and submit to the environmental protection department for approval. At the same time, quite a few projects or enterprises do not need this process, as long as they prepare environmental impact reports, environmental impact report forms and other records. Therefore, some construction units did not pay much attention to the EIA report, so they just found an EIA organization to deal with it.
According to industry insiders, some EIA units will try their best to reduce costs after getting the project at a low price. Some veteran EIA institutions have stricter controls on EIA reports. The EIA reports are subject to a three-level signature review, and some newly established EIA institutions have canceled this audit procedure, and sometimes reduced the number of environmental monitoring points in the project. Can't pass the two consecutive review meetings. "
“For cost control, construction units often choose institutions with low asking prices, and the industry falls into low-price competition. Due to lack of funds, on-site monitoring and ecological surveys related to environmental impact assessments are difficult to implement, and the relevant data are often speculated or subjectively assumed by environmental assessment agencies based on past experience. On the other hand, the EIA agency will also actively meet the requirements of the funder and give the results that the construction party wants, resulting in the EIA becoming a walkthrough. The institutions and experts who do the EIA seriously are not popular in the market. "Liu Wen said .
An environmental protection expert from Fujian Province told reporters that after years of development, the EIA report has been templated, and many formats and expressions can be applied between different EIA projects, as long as the key parameters and conclusions can be replaced. "Copy and paste errors occur from time to time, but they are usually corrected in time before they are officially announced."
Ma Jun said that some EIAs have a low level of business, and the designed environmental protection facilities are impractical. In order to make money, the owners do whatever they want. He participated in a company ’s EIA expert review meeting last year. The evaluator said at the meeting that the signature can be signed according to the standard, but the environmental protection facility standard designed by the EIA unit is too high, and it is difficult for the enterprise to achieve. At a loss.
The reporter from Half Moon Talks learned that some EIA institutions only wanted to hand over the EIA report and get the money, and they were not really responsible for the entrusted enterprises; some companies were not attentive or did not understand this, which made some EIA reports worry about their quality. . In the later period, the environmental protection department discovered problems during the post-event supervision, and companies may need to spend more energy and costs to rectify.
It must be free and manageable
Nowadays, in the reform of simplifying government and decentralization, governments at all levels through exemption of EIA procedures, carry out EIA notification commitment reform approval pilot, simplify the construction project EIA approval procedures, improve the efficiency of approval.
For example, in November 2019, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs jointly issued the “Notice on Doing a Better Job in the Management of Current Environmental Assessment of Live Pig Scale Breeding”, which clarified that no annual 5,000-pig live pig breeding projects need to be approved for environmental assessment. For pig breeding projects with an annual slaughter volume of 5,000 heads or more, explore the pilot reform of the EIA notification commitment system. After receiving the notification commitment and the environmental impact report and other requirements, the EIA approval department can directly make an approval decision without evaluation or review , And effectively strengthen the supervision after the event.
Ma Jun said that simplifying prior approval is generally welcomed, but it also creates a new problem. "In the past, the most important link in the approval of the EIA report was the technical assessment. Now some projects cancel the pre-approval, and no longer need the eco-environmental department to organize expert technical review. If the environmental protection department is found to have problems during the ex-post supervision, the owner Will undertake more rectification investment. "
How to solve this new problem? On the one hand, it is necessary to further strengthen the post-event supervision, which will have a greater deterrent effect on the fraud of the environmental impact assessment; on the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the efforts to regulate the environmental impact assessment industry, so that it can be liberalized and managed to enable its healthy development.
It is understood that the national unified environmental impact assessment credit platform was officially launched in November last year. According to the report of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, some EIA preparation units and personnel have been taken credit management measures due to the quality of EIA documents.
Li Tong (pseudonym), a relevant member of the Environmental Impact Assessment Industry Branch of the China Environmental Protection Industry Association, said that the credit platform needs a certain amount of time to function. "It is still in the initial stage of platform operation, and the number of penalized companies is still very small. As the epidemic eases and the project progress resumes, the role of the platform will gradually become prominent."
Li Tong believes that the construction unit must bear the main responsibility for its EIA report. Although this point has been clarified in the relevant provisions, the landing situation is not good. "Construction units really attach importance to ecological and environmental protection, and there is no market for environmental assessment agencies in troubled waters. At present, the relevant awareness of construction units is still weak, and the contents and conclusions of environmental assessment reports are rarely reviewed and checked."