Chinanews.com client Beijing, May 21 (Reporter Zhang Ni) A new coronary pneumonia epidemic has made the country's ability to prevent, control and treat major epidemics highly concerned.
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Health Commission, and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine jointly issued the "Public Health Prevention and Control Capacity Building Program", which sets specific requirements for the construction of major epidemic treatment bases and the ability to centralize and treat infectious diseases.
Data Map: On April 22, the mobile P3 laboratory fleet of China CDC Infectious Diseases arrived at Kang'an Hospital in Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province, which will greatly improve the nucleic acid detection capability of Kang'an Hospital. China News Service reporter Lu Pinshe
Improve the facilities and equipment conditions of disease control agencies
-At least one P3 laboratory in each province
The "Plan" issued by the three departments clearly stated that it is necessary to comprehensively improve the facilities and equipment conditions of disease control institutions, and realize that each province has at least one laboratory that reaches the level of Biosafety Level 3 (P3), and at least one in each prefecture-level city. Laboratories that have reached Biosafety Level 2 (P2) levels have the inspection and testing capabilities required for the implementation of infectious disease pathogens, health hazards, and national health standards.
The "Plan" puts forward specific work priorities for CDCs at all levels:
The county-level CDC should focus on enhancing the capacity for epidemic detection and on-site disposal, strengthening infrastructure construction, and improving equipment configuration to meet the needs of on-site inspection, epidemiological investigation, and emergency response.
The prefecture-level disease control center focuses on enhancing laboratory inspection and testing capabilities, strengthening laboratory equipment upgrades and building biological safety protection capabilities. Encourage qualified cities to integrate inspection and testing resources at the city and county levels, configure a mobile biosafety secondary (BSL-2) laboratory, and coordinate to meet the needs of rapid testing in the region.
National and provincial CDCs focus on improving the ability to detect infectious diseases and the rapid response capability for the prevention and control of sudden infectious diseases, and promote the upgrading and transformation of the bacterial virus library and related laboratories of the Chinese CDC to support the provincial CDC The construction of a virus seed bank and a Level 3 (P3) biosafety laboratory will strengthen and improve the equipment configuration of the national emergency prevention and control team for acute infectious diseases.
Data map: A nurse walks into the ICU ward. An Yuanshe
Expanding the capacity for centralized treatment of infectious diseases
-No less than 600 hospital beds in cities with a population of more than 5 million
The "Plan" also involves the expansion of the capacity for centralized treatment of infectious diseases.
Regarding the construction of hospital beds in county-level hospitals, the "Plan" stipulates that the construction of county-level hospitals for infectious disease treatment capacity must be "combined with peace and war", with equal emphasis on Chinese and Western medicine, and has the ability to quickly open infectious disease beds when an outbreak occurs. In principle, Counties with a population of less than 300,000 people can open no less than 20, counties with a population of 300,000 to 500,000 have no less than 50, counties with a population of 500,000 to 1 million have no less than 80, and counties with a population of more than 1 million have no less than 100 sheets.
In addition, county-level hospitals should build convertible wards and expand the beds in intensive care units (ICU, including related specialty intensive care units). Generally, intensive care beds are set up according to 2-5% of the prepared beds, and "normally" can be used as general beds In accordance with different scales and functions, necessary medical equipment such as ventilator is configured, and it can be converted immediately when a major epidemic occurs.
In addition, the "Proposal" also proposes to build a hierarchical and hierarchical urban infectious disease treatment network based on the principle of "combination of peace and war, hierarchical classification, and efficient collaboration." Infectious disease hospitals should be built in municipalities, provincial capitals, and prefecture-level cities. Or a relatively independent comprehensive hospital infectious disease area, achieving 100% compliance, as the main force in the region's major epidemic diagnosis and treatment of integrated Chinese and Western medicine, medical staff training.
Prefecture-level cities with small populations designate qualified third-level comprehensive hospitals as designated hospitals for infectious diseases. In principle, new independent infectious disease hospitals are not encouraged.
The "Proposal" proposes that all localities choose 1-2 existing medical institutions for reconstruction and expansion in each city according to the actual situation. In principle, cities with a population of less than 1 million (urban population, the same below) will be equipped with 60-100 beds; In cities with a population of 1 to 5 million, 100-600 beds will be provided; in cities with a population of more than 5 million, no fewer than 600 beds will be provided. Areas that have met the conditions for medical treatment of infectious diseases will no longer be constructed. In principle, the beds in the intensive care unit (ICU) account for 5-10% of the beds in the hospital.
In terms of equipment and facilities, the "Plan" clearly states that the construction of the intensive care unit (ICU) should be strengthened, and the bedside monitoring system, ventilator, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and other related equipment should be configured.
Data Map: Photographed by Zhang Wei inside Jianghan Fang Cabin Hospital
Renovate and upgrade the major epidemic rescue base
——Each province will build 1-3 major epidemic rescue bases
The outbreak of the New Coronary Pneumonia epidemic highlights the importance of a major epidemic rescue base.
This time, the three departments required in the "Plan" to rely on high-level hospitals (including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals) with strong comprehensive strength, especially infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, and severe diseases. According to the population size, radiation area and epidemic prevention Pressure control, combined with the construction of the national emergency team, construct 1-3 major epidemic treatment bases in each province to undertake the tasks of centralized treatment of critically ill patients and centralized storage of emergency supplies, which can quickly respond when major epidemics occur and effectively improve the cure rate of critically ill patients , Reduce the mortality rate.
In principle, set up intensive care beds according to 10-15% (or not less than 200) of the beds prepared by the hospital, set a certain number of negative pressure wards and negative pressure operating rooms, and configure cardiopulmonary resuscitation, ventilators, and extracorporeal membranes according to different sizes and functions Necessary medical equipment such as pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO).
The "Plan" also specifically mentions the need to strengthen the emergency rescue supplies reserves. Reserve a certain number of materials for the treatment of critically ill patients, ordinary patient monitoring, and equipment in sheltered hospitals.
In addition, it is necessary to promote the dual-purpose transformation of public facilities in peace and war, learn from the experience of transformation of shelter cabin hospitals and civil air defense projects, improve the construction standards of large-scale stadiums, exhibition halls (convention and exhibition centers) and other public facilities, and fully consider the construction or reconstruction of related facilities Emergency needs, perfect site setting, ventilation system, logistics support design, reserve pipelines, information and other interfaces and transformation space, and have the basic conditions for rapid transformation into treatment and isolation places. (Finish)