May 12 is the twelfth National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day. The theme of this year's National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day is "Enhancing grassroots emergency response capabilities and building a strong line of defense for disaster prevention, mitigation and relief."
Disasters are not far away from us, and natural disasters such as fires, earthquakes, and typhoons may occur at any time. Learn more about self-help knowledge and get a life support.
How to deal with fire?
Public places
Dial 119 to call the police, escape in an orderly manner according to the evacuation instructions, and avoid taking the elevator. When passing through the thick smoke, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel, try to keep your body close to the ground and the wall, and bend or crawl forward. When you cannot escape, you should retreat to a safe area such as a balcony or roof, send a distress signal, and wait for rescue.
Tall building
When the lower staircase has smoked or was blocked by a fire, don't go forcibly and go to the balcony, rooftop and other places to wait for rescue. Do not drill under the bed, in the closet, or in the attic to avoid flames or smoke. If the residence is close to the roof of the building, you can go straight to the platform on the roof to send a distress signal.
Forest, grassland
Call 12119 Forest Fire Alarm to correctly judge the wind direction. You can't choose the direction at will and escape blindly. When besieged by fire, open areas with sparse vegetation should be selected, away from low-lying places or places where smoke and dust are easy to settle. Soaking the clothes on your body can add a layer of protection.
How to deal with typhoon?
Before the typhoon
Check whether the doors and windows are firm, close the windows in time, put away the balcony heavy objects and hanging objects, and reinforce the outdoor objects that are easily blown. Move the vehicle to a high place for parking, and never park it under temporary buildings or trees. In addition to valuables, residents who live in low-lying areas should prepare more clothing and dry food. Before the transfer, they should put up furniture such as cabinets and beds, and place rice and vegetables on high places.
When the typhoon arrives
Do not stay near high-altitude buildings such as glass doors and windows, dilapidated shacks, temporary shelters, and billboards and neon lights. Avoid walking on embankments and bridges close to rivers, lakes, and seas to avoid being blown down by the wind or falling into the water. Drive slowly and slowly, closely observe the surrounding situation, it is best to find a safe place to stop temporarily.
After typhoon crossing
If you go out after the disaster, you must know the road conditions in advance. After evacuating and returning home, use gas, running water, power lines, etc. cautiously, and be ready to ask the relevant authorities for help when danger occurs.
How to deal with the earthquake?
indoors
Avoid nearby, under or near objects that are strong, not easy to fall over, and can cover your body. To lie down, keep the center of gravity to a minimum, face down, but do not press the nose and mouth, while holding firm objects around you, you can also squat or sit down, curl up your body as much as possible. Keep away from windows, mirrors, stoves, gas pipes and household appliances. Bow your head, protect your head and back neck with your hands, or protect your head with a quilt, pillow, etc.
outdoors
Keep away from overpasses, high-voltage lines, street lights, billboards, chimneys, water towers, etc.
Trapped ruins
Keep calm and save energy. Try to remove the debris in front of your face and chest, remove the dust near the mouth and nose, and keep your breathing smooth. Try to avoid unsafe strong objects above your body, and use bricks, wooden sticks, etc. to support the ruins. Pay attention to outdoor movements and wait for opportunities to call for help, such as knocking on objects.
How to deal with lightning strike?
outdoors
Do not avoid rain under the trees, especially under the open environment. Walking on the street suddenly thunder, to avoid the iron bridge, high chimney. When riding a bicycle, you should get off immediately and put the bicycle up to avoid causing lightning.
indoors
To cut off the power, it is best to suspend the use of lights and other electrical appliances, and do not make phone calls.
How to deal with landslides?
Precursor of landslide
There are obvious cracks on the slope, and the cracks have lengthened and widened in the near future. The houses on the slope were cracked and tilted. There was mud squeezed out and collapsed frequently at the foot of the slope. Sudden changes in the level of well water and spring water. Anomalies in plants and animals.
After a landslide
Protect your head and escape to both sides of the landslide. Never run down the mountain in the direction of the rolling stone and do not stay on the concave slope. High-speed landslides, don't panic if you can't escape. For example, if the landslide slides as a whole, it can stay in place or hug a big tree.
How to deal with heavy rain?
Before coming
Before the rainstorm comes, close the doors and windows in advance to prevent rain from entering the house. Once water enters, immediately turn off the power, gas and other equipment. Cut off dangerous outdoor power in low-lying areas.
After coming
Don't take the underground passage. Don't walk in running water, a 15 cm deep water can cause people to fall. Driving in heavy rain should turn on the rain and fog lights, slow down and slow down, pay attention to preventing flash floods, and avoid stagnant water and landslides.