In-depth analysis of the new policy of multi-school strong foundation plan-
Who can report? How to take the test? How to cultivate?
After more than a month's postponement, the high-profile college strong foundation plans have been published recently.
In early 2020, Qiangji plans to officially debut. As a pilot program for enrollment reform in basic disciplines, the plan aims to select and train students who are interested in serving the country ’s major strategic needs and have excellent comprehensive qualities or outstanding basic disciplines. Different from the original independent enrollment, the plan has been systematically reshaped from the selection and positioning, the scope of the pilot school, the enrollment majors, the application conditions to the final college assessment methods, admission methods and training models.
What are the signals for admissions and selections in many college admissions brochures? How should candidates prepare? How should middle schools respond? The reporter combed the school brochures and invited experts to analyze them in depth.
Who can report: two types of candidates can get "admission tickets"
Judging from the current enrollment brochures issued by colleges and universities, most candidates who can apply for the strong foundation program are divided into two categories: one is students with excellent comprehensive quality and excellent college entrance examination results, and the other are candidates with outstanding talents and performance in related subject areas.
Many experts emphasized that the strong foundation plan is a selection and training plan for talents in basic disciplines serving the national strategy, not a simple admissions reform.
This is clearly reflected in the admissions profession. The reporter found out that in the enrollment of this year's Qiangji Program, colleges and universities have come up with their ace majors in basic disciplines. For example, Peking University included 10 admissions majors including mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, theory and applied mechanics, history, archaeology, philosophy, Chinese language and literature, and basic medicine. Fundamental plan; University of Science and Technology of China, Beijing Normal University and other universities clearly emphasize that the disciplines and majors participating in the Qiangji plan are all schools that are shortlisted for world-class disciplines or the Ministry of Education ’s subject evaluation A +, A, and one-thousandth of ESI advanced subjects.
It is worth noting that each school emphasizes that if students who are admitted to the strong foundation plan are not interested in their majors, they can only switch to non-strong foundation plan classes of the same major (professional class) at the school, or colleges and universities implement strong foundation Other majors planned.
● Expert views: The Qiangji Program emphasizes that students are aspiring, interested, and talented, not a “springboard” for prestigious schools
Yu Xiaoxiao, Director of Tsinghua University's Recruitment Office, said that his ambition is firm and his endowment is excellent; comprehensive evaluation and excellent selection are the main principles for the selection of talents for the school's strong foundation plan: "Selected students should recognize the concept of 'strong foundation' and possess a strong foundation ' Characteristic, home-minded, determined ambition, aspiring to engage in research in basic disciplines and key areas in the future. "
"Applying for the Qiangji Program requires real talent and really loves basic subjects, and cannot be regarded as a" springboard "for famous schools." Chen Zhiwen, a member of the expert group of the National Education Examination Steering Committee, said: "Compared with independent enrollment, Qiangji Program Enrollment schools and the number of students have dropped significantly, and the threshold has been greatly increased. Although each school has mentioned a requirement of not less than a baseline for the entrance examination scores in admissions qualifications, this is only a "floor line". Each school will be selected according to the placement plan The qualification line and the actual final scores are basically much higher than the batches in various places. Even if the finalists are tested, the difficulty is very high. The strong foundation plan pays more attention to the specific subject level and potential, and is more suitable for the top students in the subject. "
How to take the test: Candidates need to go through the college entrance examination and school test
How to apply for and assess which subjects are generally concerned by parents and candidates.
This reporter learned that this year Qiangji plans to uniformly enroll from the “Qiangji Plan” for special types of admissions on the Sunshine College Entrance Examination Platform. The registration dates are mostly from May 10 to the end of May. Each school brochure stipulates that candidates can only apply for one pilot university, and the number of majors each candidate can fill in varies from 1 to 4.
Specific to enrollment quotas, each school has allocated dozens to more than 200 places for the Qiangji Program according to the number of enrollment majors, each of which is allocated to 20 to 40 people; there are also colleges that have only offered one major "Water test", such as China Agricultural University and China Ocean University's strong foundation plan this year, only enrolled 30 people in biological sciences. Compared with the total enrollment of thousands of students in each school every year, it can be described as "small and fine".
It is not easy to enter this team. Candidates need to go through the "uniform college entrance examination-shortlisted school test-school test assessment" and other levels. During the school test period, most schools set up assessment links such as written test, interview and physical fitness test, and some schools only have interview and physical test. Many schools also made it clear that physical examination results are not counted in the school test scores, but they will not be admitted if they fail.
If the above two types of candidates want to be shortlisted, the first type of candidates must achieve a local control line and a strong base plan finalist score at the same time. The latter is determined by the college according to a certain proportion of finalists; the second type of candidates must be shortlisted to themselves Universities that apply for the exams only need to meet the scores of the college entrance examination to reach a local control line.
● Experts' views: forced high school career education to make breakthroughs in depth and intensity
Many experts said that Qiangji plans to explore the establishment of a multiple admission system based on a unified college entrance examination, which is a reform of the education evaluation system and a reform of the way high schools educate people.
"Whether students are suitable for applying for the strong foundation plan needs to consider factors such as college enrollment, student achievements, student career evaluation results, student career planning and other factors, and requires high schools to provide students with individual growth suggestions in the form of career guidance "Ma Xiangyang, principal of Hainan Middle School, said," Qianji plans to take high school students ’ambitions, interests, and talents as important elements for assessment and selection, requiring students to have a higher self-awareness level and a clearer development plan, forcing high school education Make breakthroughs in the depth and intensity of career education. "
How to count admission results: 85% college entrance examination results + 15% school test results
There have been some flaws and disputes in autonomous enrollment. Therefore, the public is more concerned about the fairness and justice of the Qiangji program. How to measure the admission result after two consecutive levels?
The school brochures show that the comprehensive scores that determine the final admission results of the candidates are composed of the college entrance examination results and the school test results, of which the college entrance examination results account for 85% and the school test results account for 15%. The director of the multi-school admissions office revealed that after receiving the "test ticket", colleges and universities will focus on testing candidates' level and potential in specific disciplines rather than generalized comprehensive qualities.
"We focus on multi-dimensional assessment and evaluation, explore the use of high school students 'comprehensive quality files, based on the comprehensive assessment of college entrance examination results and college assessment results, and classify tests according to students' application majors and subject specialties, and improve the accuracy of selection on the basis of promoting fair selection. Li Hao, director of the Nanjing University Admissions Office, said.
Wang Linyuan, Director of Shanghai Jiaotong University's Recruitment Office, said that the school has formed a strong two-winged "winged foundation + mission promotion + curiosity drive" that is supported by the six major colleges and supported by the "Zhiyuan College", which is a top-level national discipline training student Based on the talent training system, the comprehensive interview of the school test mainly focuses on the students' ability to analyze and solve problems, express their ability and innovative thinking, etc .: "The interview adopts a" three to one "two-round interview mode, each group of three experts, each interview One candidate takes about 20 minutes. Each candidate undergoes an interview with two groups of experts. The experts score independently and objectively according to the same scoring rules, and do not intentionally rank. "
In addition, the reporter noticed that for interviews where people are more suspicious, all colleges and universities emphasized "double random" and "double blind", and recorded videos throughout the process.
● Expert views: The reform of multiple evaluations has entered a new historical stage
Xiong Bingqi, deputy dean of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, believes that the strong foundation plan can no longer be treated with utilitarian thinking, and that it is a "point reduction admission preference", but that the multiple evaluation reform has entered a new historical stage. "The final admission criteria for the above two types of candidates are the same. Students who have won the gold medal in the national competition finals may not be admitted because the comprehensive score does not reach the admission score of the strong foundation plan. The index for evaluating a candidate It is diverse, but the admission criteria will not be reduced by multiple evaluations. "
“Compared with colleges that used to offer discounts of up to 60 points below the admission score line, the admission model of the Qiangji Program makes the independent evaluation of colleges and universities need to be converted into a quantitative evaluation, which is added proportionally to the college entrance examination scores, from high to low. Admission, which compresses the discretion of universities and makes them public. "Chen Zhiwen said that the school test norms emphasize that interviews will ask questions based on students' comprehensive quality evaluation materials, which also reminds again that" artificially packaged resumes will be exposed. " .
How to train: small class, mentor system, linking up and down training, dynamic in and out
Compared with the previous criticism of "only enrolling students and not cultivating students", the most important feature of the Qiangji program is "selection and breeding."
At present, the school brochures mainly introduce the "unique" training methods for the students recruited by the Qiangji Program. Among them, there are distinct characteristics such as individual class arrangement, intensified crossover and general education, the opening of a small cook by a famous teacher, and the connection of master and master.
For example, Tsinghua University newly established five major academies such as Rixin College, Zhili College, Tanwei College, Weiyang College, and Xingjian College. Nissin and Zhili College are respectively responsible for the cultivation of talents in basic liberal arts and basic sciences. The three colleges of Wei, Weiyang and Xingjian are connected to the three professional directions of chemical biology, basic science of mathematics and science and theory and applied mechanics. The college basically covers most majors of Tsinghua University. Nanjing University not only designs training programs individually, but also clearly promises "one project per student, one tutor, one study tour".
It is worth noting that many schools have also proposed that the strong foundation plan will implement a staged assessment and dynamic access mechanism. Shandong University will conduct three assessments and shunts at the end of the third year, the fourth year, and the end of the fifth year after the student enters the school. Class study, and at the same time select the same number of outstanding students from the corresponding professional ordinary classes to add to the strong foundation plan.
● Expert view: The strong foundation plan is not only the reform of enrollment, but also the reform of training
Many experts said that the strong foundation plan is not only an enrollment reform, but also a training reform that can spur university education.
"Including basic medicine in the strong foundation plan, selecting a number of universities with the necessary conditions, and establishing an undergraduate, master, and doctoral training model is a major reform and innovation in the cultivation of high-level talents in basic medicine." Li Lanjuan, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said, "In terms of enrollment, a group of students who are interested in solving major disease prevention and treatment problems are selected through reform of enrollment. In terms of cultivation, through scientific design of training objectives and teaching plans, and the implementation of staged dynamic selection and training, they will become the future of biomedicine. And the field of health, leading the paradigm shift in disease research and the leader in disruptive technological innovation. "
(Reporter Deng Hui)