Cadmium rice is now on the market, the "quality red line" of cultivated land needs to be delineated
Our reporter Qiao Di
Hotspot tracking
Recently, the Propaganda Department of the Yiyang Municipal Party Committee of Hunan Province said that in response to the report that “a batch of rice with heavy metals from Yiyang, Hunan, was destroyed in Zhenxiong County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan”, Yiyang City decided to investigate the seven involved companies through investigation and verification of the relevant situation. .
Just 3 years ago, some companies sold 1440.25 tons of cadmium-excessive rice to many provinces and cities, including Yunnan Zhaotong. In fact, there are not only cadmium rice, cadmium wheat and other food products contaminated with heavy metals, but also the punishment and accountability of regulatory authorities and distribution basins.
In response, Dang Yongfu, a well-known soil governance expert, said: "Only starting from the production field and preventing cadmium rice from growing out can we cure this stubborn illness, not just control the food security in the field of circulation and sales."
According to Dang Yongfu, China is currently implementing the “double reduction” technology of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, but the use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production still exceeds 30% of the world ’s total, and farmland contaminated with heavy metals such as cadmium, arsenic, chromium, and lead The area continues to expand. Cadmium rice appears in China, and some experts believe that excessive use of phosphate fertilizer is an important reason. When the problematic rice appeared in 2013, some experts surveyed that there were no heavy metal companies around the problematic rice, and the rice cadmium exceeded the standard or was brought in by fertilizer.
In addition, the mining area pollution is also the most serious reason for Hunan Province as the "hometown of non-ferrous metals" rice cadmium exceeds the standard in China. If the waste containing cadmium cannot be separated and recycled well, whether it is incinerated or buried, it will lead to soil cadmium pollution. The soil pollution caused by solid waste containing cadmium is also one of the reasons for the occurrence of cadmium rice.
In addition, some farm waste also contains a certain amount of heavy metals. It is reported that the manure of these farms was originally a good soil fertilizer after fermentation, but it also caused the plants to die. The reason may be that the additives in the feed may contain heavy metals that are not easily digested by livestock and poultry.
Dang Yongfu explained that cadmium is easily absorbed by rice and accumulated in rice grains, which is transmitted through the food chain and poses a serious threat to human health. People who eat food containing cadmium will accumulate in the kidneys, lungs, bones and liver of the person. Long-term accumulation will cause poisoning, damage the kidneys, cause bone lesions, and cause bone pain.
Cadmium can enter the environment through waste water, waste residue, and waste gas, and then enter the soil and farmland through the water source, and finally enter the food chain.
"To fundamentally solve the food security problems such as cadmium rice, we must start with the prevention and control of soil pollution at the source." Dang Yongfu said, "Through the construction of a" process agriculture "system engineering system, the whole process management model of agriculture is formed to solve the current fragmented agriculture. Promote the transformation and upgrading of chemical agriculture. "
Based on his own practical experience, Dang Yongfu believes that he needs to do a good job in the following areas: establish the "quality red line" concept of cultivated land, and use policy to lead scientific and technological innovation to fill the shortcomings of the soil. He believes that cultivated land as a resource has both the concept of quantity and the requirement of quality. Cultivated land quality protection should be regarded as a basic, public welfare and long-term work, which runs through the entire process of cultivated land protection, and is included in the assessment objectives of governments at all levels, delineating the "hard bars" of cultivated land quality protection, and strengthening cultivated land quality protection The “hard constraints” of the project are to ensure that the quantity is not reduced and the quality is improved; it is necessary to consider the unification of the three elements of cultivated land quantity, quality and ecology at the national level, so as to realize the transformation of cultivated land from purely cultivated land to the same quantity, quality and ecology. Fundamental change.
"In addition, we must build a technological innovation system that supports the protection of cultivated land quality and provide strong technical support for the protection of cultivated land quality; integrate soil fertilizer and cultivation technology into agricultural machinery operations and integrate and promote green, high-yield and efficient technology models." Dang Yongfu said , "According to different situations, use stubble, planting trees, rotation, etc. to adjust the structure to prevent and control soil pollution, increase investment in scientific and technological innovation, accelerate the demonstration, promotion and application of mature and suitable green technologies and green varieties to achieve production and Ecologically coordinated development to improve quality and efficiency and competitiveness. "