The People's Bank of China released the survey on assets and liabilities of urban households last year
The average value of urban household assets exceeds 3 million yuan
The Survey and Statistics Department of the People's Bank of China conducted a survey of assets and liabilities of Chinese urban households in the previous year. The survey results show that the assets of Chinese urban households are dominated by physical assets, the proportion of financial assets is low, and the proportion of real estate is over 70%.
Physical assets account for 80% of total household assets
The average value of the total assets of urban households is 3.179 million yuan, and the distribution of household assets is uneven.
There are significant differences in the distribution of household assets among regions. The household assets of residents in economically developed areas are high; by province, the highest household assets are Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu, and the lowest are Xinjiang, Jilin and Gansu. Among them, the total assets per household of Beijing residents are about 7 times that of Xinjiang. High-income families have more assets, and the average household assets per household with the highest income of 10% are 12.048 million yuan, which is 13.7 times the average household assets with the lowest income of 20%.
In addition, the age, educational level and occupation of the head of the household all affect the distribution of household assets. The total assets of the household show the characteristics of increasing first and then decreasing with the age of the head of household; the higher the education level of the head of household is, the more the total assets of the household are;
The household assets of Chinese urban residents are mainly physical assets, with an average household income of 2.53 million yuan, accounting for 80% of the total family assets. Housing is an important component of the family ’s physical assets, and the household ownership rate of residents ’households is relatively balanced. The housing ownership rate of urban households in China is 96%, the proportion of households with one set of housing is 58.4%, the proportion of households with two sets of housing is 31%, the proportion of households with three sets or more is 10.5%, and all households own housing 1.5 sets. Operating assets such as shops and factories are an important reason for the large gap in household assets. The average total assets of households with operating assets is 7.768 million yuan, 3.4 times that of households without operating assets. The more total household assets, the higher the ownership rate of operating assets.
How about the ownership of financial assets of Chinese urban households? The survey data shows that 99.7% of households own financial assets, and the average financial assets per household are 649 thousand yuan, accounting for 20.4% of total household assets, which is relatively low. The survey results show that the degree of differentiation of Chinese urban households ’financial assets is more obvious; residents’ investments are relatively stable, and the risk-free financial asset holding rate is high; high-asset and highly educated families have a stronger willingness to participate in risky financial markets, and financial asset performance More diverse.
Household debt is mainly mortgage
The household debt situation of urban residents in China has always received much attention. The survey results show that urban households have a high debt participation rate, a relatively simple debt structure, and housing loans are the main component. The specific performance is that the household debt participation rate is high, and the phenomenon of debt concentration is obvious. Among the surveyed households, the proportion of households with debt was 56.5%. The household debt structure is relatively simple. The source of debt is mainly bank loans. Mortgage loans constitute the main component of household debt. 75.9% of households use debt for house purchase. Wealthy households have a higher debt participation rate and easier access to bank loans, and low-asset households have a relatively high dependence on private lending. Resident household debt is concentrated on young and middle-aged and highly educated families. As age increases, the household debt participation rate has declined; the higher the education level of the head of household, the higher the household debt participation rate. The survey data shows that the overall solvency of Chinese urban households is relatively strong, the pressure for low-income families to pay debts is relatively high, the debt-paying pressure for physical-operated households is great, and the pressure for working-class debt repayment is obvious.
In addition, the survey shows that there are still some notable problems in the current household debt. First, the urban households' financial asset-liability ratio is high, and there is a certain liquidity risk. Second, some low-asset household assets are insolvent and the risk of default is high. The third is that the young and middle-aged groups have greater debt pressure. Fourth, there are many financial products such as wealth management, asset management, and trust for investment banks in the elderly group, and the risks are greater. Fifth, the debt risk of just-needed households is outstanding.
Our reporter Xu Peiyu