China News Service, Beijing, April 30 (Reporter Li Yanan) According to the latest data released by the International Medical Journal "The Lancet", there are 90 million obese people in China, of which 12 million are severely obese. On the occasion of the "World Day for the Prevention of Obesity", experts pointed out that obesity can cause cardiovascular problems, even digestive system problems, central nervous system problems, psychological problems and so on. For obese people, we should focus on scientific weight loss.
"Obesity is theoretically a series of syndromes caused by weight gain, which may affect the function of many organs." Deputy Director of the Committee of Obesity and Diabetes Surgeons of the Surgeons Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, affiliated to China Medical University Professor Wang Yong, deputy director of the Fourth Hospital, said that WHO's definition of obesity is calculated based on body mass index (BMI).
Professor Liang Hui, deputy director of the Committee of Obesity and Diabetes Surgeons of the Chinese Medical Doctors Association and director of the Department of Weight Loss and Metabolism at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, said that currently, the characteristics of obesity in China include a higher proportion of abdominal obesity, and the rate of adolescent obesity is growing faster The proportion of obese people in the north is higher than that in the south. He believes that most Chinese obese people may be closely related to their lifestyles, such as high-calorie diets. In addition, diseases such as environmental pollution and mental stress, including some chronic inflammations, have played a very important role in the process of forming obesity.
Obesity is the source of disease. From head to toe, every system and every organ will be endangered by obesity or related diseases. Professor Liang Hui added that, for example, stroke is closely related to obesity. Metabolism-related diseases include hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and diabetes. The most obvious thing related to the respiratory system is sleep apnea syndrome. In addition, obesity has a great influence on sex hormones and fertility. Obesity is also closely related to many tumors.
According to reports, weight control requires long-term maintenance of energy intake ratio, strengthening exercise and physical activity, and changing the lifestyle of meditation and restlessness. If necessary, it should be accompanied by medical treatment under the guidance of a doctor. For severely obese people, weight loss surgery can also be performed if necessary.
Who is suitable for weight loss surgery or metabolic surgery? Professor Liang Hui introduced that the Committee of Obesity and Diabetes Surgeons of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association and the Endocrinology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association have developed corresponding guidelines. Body mass index exceeds 32.5, bariatric surgery is recommended regardless of whether there is diabetes or not, and the possibility of losing weight by 32.5 is minimal, and this body weight will bring potential risks; body mass index is between 27.5 and 32.5, combined with 2 to 3 Various metabolic diseases and metabolic related problems should also be considered for weight loss surgery. In terms of the age of the patient, it is now recommended to be between 16 and 65 years old. On the other hand, we must be careful that some patients may have contraindications for surgery or contraindications for anesthesia.
It should be noted that anesthesia for bariatric surgery is a great challenge for anesthesiologists. Professor Liu Cunming, a member of the Anesthesiology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association and the director of the Department of Anesthesiology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, said that before the operation, these patients had many comorbidities and respiratory insufficiency, often with depression or autism. . After arriving in the operating room, there are challenges in nursing. The patient has very thick subcutaneous fat, and it is difficult to find a vein to give a shot or move the patient. During the induction phase of anesthesia, obese patients choose general anesthesia for anesthesia, and tracheal intubation is required. However, because these patients' own respiratory tract is not very smooth, there is apnea syndrome or snoring, after a little medication, his respiratory tract is easily completely blocked, this is a big challenge. After the operation, the patient needs to recover to a state that can meet his own needs to pull out the trachea and catheter, and return to the normal state after anesthesia. If anesthesia drugs, especially muscle relaxants, are used, the muscle strength of the patient will be reduced and breathing will be difficult, and it will be more difficult to remove the tube after surgery.
Professor Yu Yonghao, director of the Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology and director of the Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, pointed out that the ultimate goal of weight loss and metabolism is not for beauty. The biggest problem for obese patients is from internal changes in the body, which is due to various comorbidities. It appears that in this case, personal opinion is that once the indications are met, surgery must be performed as soon as possible.
In response to the medical beauty weight loss that many people pay attention to, the experts reminded that the earliest medical beauty intervention in the field of weight loss was liposuction, liposuction, liposuction and other series of operations on subcutaneous fat, but in fact subcutaneous fat has some energy to protect the body Storage, in most cases, is beneficial. What is really harmful to human organ function is visceral fat. (Finish)