Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 26 - Title: Animal Epidemic Prevention overhaul, dense weave of animal disease prevention and control how the French Open?
Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Lu
Animal health is related to the transformation and upgrading of animal husbandry, and is also closely linked to ecological environmental protection and public health safety. On the 26th, the revised draft of the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law was first submitted to the 17th meeting of the 13th NPC Standing Committee for deliberation. Why amend the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law? How to weave dense animal epidemic prevention and control law network to comprehensively improve animal health? The reporter interviewed relevant experts.
Adjustment policy: prevention first, combining prevention with control, purification and elimination
"Since the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law was revised and implemented on January 1, 2008, China's animal epidemic prevention work has been continuously strengthened, and it has played an important role in ensuring production safety in the aquaculture industry, animal-derived food safety, public health safety, and ecological environment safety." Liu Zhenwei, deputy chairman of the Agricultural and Rural Committee of the National People's Congress, said that due to the backwardness of most of the main production and operation methods in our country, the grassroots animal epidemic prevention system is weak, and the international trade activities of animals and animal products are frequent. The situation requires that the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law be revised as soon as possible.
For a long time, China's animal epidemic prevention work adheres to the "prevention first" principle, and has controlled the occurrence of major animal diseases such as highly pathogenic avian influenza and foot-and-mouth disease. However, from the perspective of the epidemic law of animal diseases, it is difficult to effectively prevent the variation and invasion of animal pathogens by simple prevention. Control, purify, and eliminate key diseases that are harmful to animal husbandry and public health in a planned way, promote the transition of key diseases from clinical immunization to clinical immunization without cases, and gradually remove pathogens existing in animal bodies and the environment to reduce epidemics The prevalence rate and the reduction of pathogenic pollution are the scientific path to eradicate key animal diseases, and are also common international practices. To this end, the draft adjusts and perfects the animal epidemic prevention policy, that is, "the policy of implementing prevention first, combining prevention with control, purification, and eradication".
Cao Binghai, a professor at the College of Animal Science and Technology of China Agricultural University, said that with the rapid development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, the range of activities of live animals has expanded significantly, and it is difficult to prevent the entry of epidemics simply by prevention. At this time, speeding up the revision of the Animal Epidemic Prevention Law, emphasizing that prevention is the mainstay and the combination of prevention and control is to meet the needs of social development, will promote the transformation and upgrading of animal husbandry, and help public health and safety.
Perfect management: build a complete animal epidemic prevention management system chain
The draft establishes and improves the supervision system for the transportation of animals and their products. The draft stipulates that the competent department of agriculture and rural areas (animal husbandry and veterinary medicine) of the State Council may prohibit or restrict the transfer of specific animals and animal products from high-risk areas to low-risk areas on the basis of animal disease risk assessment; Establish a traceability and cooperation mechanism for the sanitation and epidemic prevention of animals and animal products, implement a record management system for units and individuals engaged in animal operations and transportation, and animal transportation vehicles; the provincial people's government determines and publishes and supervises the entry of animals and animal products into the designated channels of the province an examination.
"Strengthening the supervision of the transportation of animals and their products is an important measure to control the cross-regional spread of animal epidemic diseases." Cao Binghai said.
The draft establishes a system for the harmless treatment of sick and dead animals and diseased animal products, and improves the related animal epidemic prevention management system from the aspects of compulsory immunization of animal epidemics. For example, in terms of animal disease risk assessment, increase the risk assessment of animal diseases, and formulate measures to purify, eliminate, and restrict the transportation of animals and animal products based on the assessment results; in terms of compulsory immunization of animal diseases, local governments are given more Greater autonomy to adjust the responsibilities of the competent departments of agriculture and rural areas (livestock, animal husbandry and veterinary) of local people's governments at and above the county level from "organizing the implementation of a compulsory immunization plan for animal diseases" to "supervising and managing compulsory immunization for animal diseases"; In terms of early warning, increase the content of monitoring and early warning of animal epidemic source diseases in wild animals and land border areas; in terms of animal epidemic prevention conditions review, expand the scope of animal epidemic prevention conditions review and include the animal professional trading market into the review scope.
In addition, the draft also improves the strict approval and quarantine inspection system for non-edible use of wild animals, requiring that for non-edible use of wild animals due to special circumstances such as scientific research, medicinal use, display, etc., it should be strictly approved and approved in accordance with relevant national regulations. Quarantine inspection.
Clear responsibilities: compact the responsibilities of production operators, industry departments, and local governments
The draft is based on the establishment of an epidemic prevention responsibility system with clear responsibilities, each responsible and doing its best, compacting the main responsibilities of producers and operators, the regulatory responsibilities of industry departments and the territorial management responsibilities of local governments.
The draft stipulates that units and individuals keeping animals shall bear the main responsibility of compulsory immunization according to law; units and individuals engaged in slaughtering, business, isolation, transportation, animal product production, operation, processing, storage and other activities shall bear animal epidemic-related responsibilities according to law; It stipulates the responsibility for territorial management in the construction of animal epidemic areas, the purification and elimination of key animal epidemics, and the guarantee of epidemic prevention and quarantine conditions; the law enforcement of animal epidemic prevention shall be undertaken by the competent agricultural and rural (animal husbandry and veterinary) departments of local people's governments at or above the county level.
Chang Jiwen, deputy director of the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said: "Our country's animal epidemic prevention is mainly undertaken by government veterinary institutions, assisted by rural veterinarians. For a long time, the grassroots animal epidemic prevention system is weak, and the producers and operators have little awareness of animal epidemic prevention. Insufficient initiative. Enhancing animal epidemic prevention responsibilities in a legislative manner will bring together a strong joint effort in animal epidemic prevention and control, and effectively improve animal hygiene. "
The draft also holds, uses forgery or alteration of illegal slaughter, operation, transportation of animals or production, operation, processing, storage, transportation of animal products, illegal regulation of sporting animals and animal products, and transportation of animals and animal products across provinces without designated passages Quarantine certificates, quarantine signs or livestock and poultry logos, etc., increased penalties.
Strengthen the guarantee: the key animal epidemic disease purification, elimination subsidies and management funds are included in the government budget
Liu Zhenwei said that in recent years, the state has introduced some safeguards in animal disease prevention and control through industrial policies, finances, insurance and other measures. The draft has transformed effective safeguards into legal provisions, and added some according to actual needs. content:
——Expanded the scope of financial protection for the animal epidemic prevention work of the people's governments at and above the county level, and included the subsidies for the purification and elimination of key animal epidemics and management funds into the government budget;
——Encourage people's governments at or above the county level to take measures such as insurance subsidies to support the development of livestock and poultry insurance;
——Increased animal epidemic prevention staff to participate in work injury insurance according to law, and set aside a system interface for subsidies and pensions for persons participating in animal epidemic prevention for disability, illness, and death due to business, and increased the provisions for animal epidemic prevention personnel to enjoy animal husbandry and veterinary medical and health benefits;
—— Increasing national support for technological innovation research and development of animal epidemic prevention technologies, new equipment, and new products.