Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 21st, Question: Safeguarding the People's Livelihood Bottom Line-"Six Guarantees" series of reviews to protect the basic livelihood
Xinhua News Agency reporters Wang Youling and Fan Xi
A sudden new outbreak of pneumonia has brought no small challenges to China's economic and social development and people's livelihood security work. Facing a complicated situation, how to respond to people's livelihood concerns?
The Politburo meeting held a few days ago put forward "guarantee basic people's livelihood", emphasizing the need to do a good job in ensuring people's livelihood and entrench the bottom line of people's livelihood.
Do everything possible to stabilize the basic employment market
Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood and the source of wealth. Faced with the impact of the epidemic, the central and local governments took multiple measures to do everything possible to stabilize the basic employment market.
"Relief-free replenishment", real gold and silver aid to stabilize the post. From February to March of this year, China's social security assistance enterprises have been exempted from social insurance premiums of 232.9 billion yuan, and 28.6 billion yuan has been deferred, which has played a positive role in alleviating the financial pressure of enterprises and helping enterprises resume production as soon as possible.
From the guarantee of enterprise labor dispatching to the guarantee of the return of migrant workers to work, all localities have launched a policy "combination punch" to comprehensively promote the resumption of production. So far, nearly 5.9 million migrant workers have been transported "point-to-point". The average operating rate of industrial enterprises above designated size in China has reached 99%, the resumption rate of private enterprises has reached 91.39%, and the resumption rate of SMEs has reached 84%.
This year, China's college graduates will reach 8.74 million, a record high. For college graduates, China has introduced a subsidy policy that encourages small and medium-sized enterprises to absorb employment, expand the scale of recruitment of state-owned enterprises and institutions, the scale of recruitment of grassroots projects, the scale of recruitment into the military, and the scale of employment trainees, and develop scientific research assistant positions to enrich grassroots teachers and medical care Staff team, while encouraging graduates to focus on community service needs for employment and entrepreneurship.
There are 290 million migrant workers in China, including 170 million migrant workers. In the face of the epidemic, various regions have worked hard to strengthen training and improve the professional skills of workers. According to information from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, as of April 17, 31 provinces have announced the names and websites of online skills training platforms and included them in the directory of vocational skills improvement training institutions. There are 893 platforms in total, and the total number of courses is nearly 20,000. , Involving more than 100 occupations (types of work), more than 1,000 job skill modules, a total of nearly 240,000 class hours. At present, the total number of people who have completed real-name registration on the online platform exceeds 5.9 million.
Ensure that the task of tackling poverty is fully completed on schedule
This year is the year of poverty alleviation. In order to ensure that the task of tackling poverty was fully completed on schedule, the whole country acted swiftly and issued a series of "hard core" tackling measures.
In order to protect the materials and equipment urgently needed for resumption of work, various departments have issued policies in all directions. The Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs requested that the transfer of agricultural production materials and agricultural machinery in the spring be included in the emergency transportation green channel policy, to ensure that materials and agricultural machinery transport vehicles will not stop, check or charge, and give priority to traffic.
Connect the city's "vegetable baskets" and "rice bags" to help form pairs, rely on e-commerce online, and set up counters offline ... In response to the "difficulty in selling" caused by the epidemic, the State Council's Poverty Alleviation Office and other seven departments have all taken action and rely on government procurement policies , Jointly carry out consumer poverty alleviation actions, and comprehensive measures to help poor households solve the problem of “difficulty in selling”.
Want to go out to work, but affected by the epidemic and facing difficulties in resuming work? The Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development of the State Council proposed to open up three major channels to help poor households to solve the problem of resuming work: First, to "strengthen the export", and use the working mechanisms of poverty alleviation cooperation between the East and the West to strengthen the effective connection between the export and import destinations. The second is "nearby", using poverty alleviation workshops and public welfare posts to promote the local employment of the poor. The third is "public welfare posts", combining with the standardization of the income distribution of village-level photovoltaic poverty alleviation power stations to develop public welfare posts, and properly arrange the poor laborers temporarily unable to work outside due to the epidemic situation.
According to the latest data, as of April 10, China has more than 23 million poor migrant workers, accounting for 86% of the total migrant workers last year.
In some areas, rural poverty alleviation projects have not been fully restored. How to ensure that the poverty alleviation funds are in place in time, so that the project can be started as soon as possible and the results will be achieved early?
The Ministry of Finance, etc. made it clear that the new central government special poverty alleviation funds to be added in 2020 should be appropriately tilted to the regions heavily affected by the epidemic. The financial special poverty alleviation funds that have been issued in advance should give priority to supporting the poverty alleviation projects that have been completed in relation to the prevention and control of the epidemic. . Relevant central departments require the county-level poverty alleviation project library to be dynamically adjusted. Priority is given to projects that affect the results of poverty alleviation and urgently needed to be implemented, and priority is given to funding support.
Increase security for low-income groups
Under the epidemic, many people face difficulties in production and life. The more special the period, the greater the investment in the field of people's livelihood, the strengthening of relief measures for the disadvantaged groups, and the protection of the underprivileged people.
The epidemic situation directly affects the income of residents, and the price increase factor is superimposed, and it is very important for low-income groups, especially those in difficulty, to increase their security. Peng Shaozong, deputy director of the Price Division of the National Development and Reform Commission, introduced that the National Development and Reform Commission and relevant departments have studied and drafted a notice on further improving the temporary price subsidies, and the core content is to raise the standard and expand the scope.
The first is to gradually increase the price temporary subsidy standard. From March to June 2020, the monthly price temporary subsidy standard will be doubled. The second is to expand the scope of protection in stages. From March to June 2020, on the basis of the existing protection targets of the price subsidy linkage mechanism, orphans, de facto unsupported children, and people receiving unemployment benefits are also included in the scope of protection, and preliminary estimates will benefit more than 8 million people .
Peng Shaozong said that since the price increase last year, up to now, local subsidies have been issued for 16.5 billion yuan, especially during the period of the New Coronary Pneumonia epidemic.
The Executive Meeting of the State Council, held on the 21st, is deployed to increase support and protection for the poor, the people with minimum living security, and the unemployed. The meeting emphasized that the urban and rural families in diligence that meet the minimum security requirements should be guaranteed, and the unemployed workers who did not participate in unemployment insurance and whose income was lower than the minimum security standard should be included in the range of minimum security and assistance. Provide temporary assistance to those who are temporarily affected by the epidemic situation.
The executive meeting of the State Council pointed out that on the basis of the implementation of the extension of the unemployment insurance payment period for older unemployed persons issued this year, the periodic implementation of unemployment subsidies, and the provision of temporary subsidies to increase prices, etc., the unemployment insurance assistance measures should be further guaranteed. The scope was expanded to cover all unemployed persons in urban and rural areas. Among them, the unemployed migrant workers who have been insured for less than one year since January last year are included in the scope of protection.