China News Agency, Beijing, April 14 (Reporter Sun Zifa) On April 14, 2010, an earthquake of magnitude 7.1 on the Richter scale occurred in Yushu, Qinghai, causing heavy casualties and property damage.
On the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the Yushu earthquake, the Public Service Department of the China Earthquake Administration proposed to prevent and mitigate the risk of earthquake disasters in China from five aspects: prevention and control according to law, building a foundation, advancing engineering, building a system, and improving capabilities. The China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center recommends that we actively promote the inclusion of the two indicators of seismic activity fault detection coverage and seismic zoning accuracy into the national economic and social development indicators.
Data Map: New face of Yushu City, Qinghai in 2020. Photo courtesy of Qinghai Geological Survey Institute
Five aspects to prevent and resolve the risk of earthquake disaster in China
The Public Service Department of the China Earthquake Administration believes that summarizing lessons learned from the Yushu earthquake is essential for preventing major earthquake disaster risks.
One is to prevent and control earthquake disaster risks according to law. Further systematically sort out and revise laws and regulations related to earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, formulate major urgently needed standards, improve the level of legalization and standardization, and constantly improve the system of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction.
The second is to lay a solid foundation for earthquake disaster risk prevention. Comprehensively promote the modernization of earthquake prevention and mitigation in the new era, focus on building a complete, coordinated and efficient scientific disaster risk prevention system, strengthen the construction of earthquake disaster risk prevention capabilities, strengthen earthquake monitoring, forecasting and early warning services, and improve seismic disaster risk investigation and assessment. Vigorously implement the National Earthquake Science and Technology Innovation Project, and promote the development of earthquake scientific research and technology applications.
The third is to promote the implementation of key projects for earthquake disaster risk prevention. Implement earthquake disaster risk investigation and key hidden trouble investigation projects, continue to carry out seismic activity fault detection, assess the national earthquake disaster risk, and find out the disaster risk base. Implement the reinforcement of housing facilities in earthquake-prone areas, improve the seismic resistance of building construction, and eliminate potential safety hazards.
The fourth is to build an earthquake disaster risk prevention and control system that is jointly built, shared and governed. Build a social governance community for earthquake prevention and mitigation that everyone is responsible for, everyone is responsible for, and everyone is responsible for. Accelerate the grid management of earthquake safety risks, and form a “one net” for earthquake disaster risk prevention and control. We will use modern frontier technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence to deeply integrate with the seismic business platform to create an intelligent platform for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction social governance.
Fifth, continuously improve the service capability and level of earthquake disaster risk prevention and control. Guided by the people's earthquake safety needs, we will optimize the scientific layout and resource allocation of public services for earthquake prevention and disaster reduction and provide scientific and accurate public services for earthquake safety. Further deepen the popularization of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction science, comprehensively enhance the people's awareness and ability of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, and accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism for the participation of the whole society.
Two earthquake indicators included in national economy and social development
The China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center points out that scientifically avoiding seismically active faults and reasonably determining seismic fortification parameters are two aspects of scientifically and rationally determining seismic fortification requirements, both of which are indispensable.
China's "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" is about to begin, and the people-centered development concept will be fully implemented. First, we must actively promote the inclusion of the two indicators of seismic activity fault detection coverage and seismic zoning accuracy into the national economic and social development indicators, and encourage them from the system design Governments at all levels have invested resources and resources in the field of earthquake disaster risk investigation to promote related work.
Second, we must take the risk as the guide and scientifically plan the investment of seismic hazard sources for seismic activity fault detection and sedimentary layer structure detection in the next five years to ensure the safety of earthquakes in the implementation of various national strategies.
Third, we must strengthen the seismic zoning work, make overall use of existing resources, and truly give play to the leading role of scientific and technological innovation, establish an earthquake risk assessment and zoning technical method system and standard system that meet the needs of various modern engineering planning and construction, and form different scales and different precisions. The series of earthquake zoning products provide earthquake safety guarantee for the sustained, stable and healthy development of the social economy.
More than 58% of China ’s landmass is in a high-risk earthquake zone
The main reason for the major casualties and property losses caused by the Yushu earthquake is that local houses are generally poor in earthquake resistance, and the public has insufficient awareness and ability to prevent earthquakes and reduce disasters.
According to the Public Service Department of the China Earthquake Administration, China ’s earthquake disaster is severe. More than 58% of the mainland ’s land area and nearly 55% of the population are in high-risk areas with earthquakes of more than 7 degrees. Nearly 19 billion square meters of houses have not yet met the requirements of seismic fortification, and some low-magnitude earthquakes have caused casualties.
At the same time, the public's awareness of earthquake safety risks and crises is not strong, and the knowledge and ability to deal with earthquake disasters still need to be further improved. Less than 30% of China's detection of faults with known seismic activity is still underdeveloped, and the earthquake disaster risk floor is not fully understood.
The Public Service Department of the China Earthquake Administration emphasized that with economic and social development, the population is becoming more concentrated, major projects, lifeline projects, etc. are becoming more and more dense, the sensitivity and vulnerability to earthquake disasters are increasing, and the seismic disaster chain is continuously extended The risk of earthquake disasters cannot be ignored. (Finish)