rumor:
Blood donation makes frailty for patients recovering from new coronary pneumonia.
Rumor:
The epidemic of new crown pneumonia is endangered worldwide. In the absence of vaccines and specific treatments, clinical practice has proven that the recovery of plasma therapy for patients with new crown pneumonia recovery is one of the important treatment measures for severe and critically ill patients.
In order to save the lives of these patients, some newly-recovered patients with new coronary pneumonia have "retrograde for love", extended their arms to donate plasma, so that many severe and critically ill patients were treated in a timely manner, improving the cure rate of new coronary pneumonia and reducing deaths. The rate played an irreplaceable role. While praising the dedication of newcomers with new crown pneumonia, they will also worry: Will the collection of plasma affect the health of the recoverers?
Below, we will learn from donor selection, pre-donation inspection, plasma collection process, and physical recovery of donors after plasma donation to understand whether donating plasma will affect the health of the rehabilitated.
I. Donors must meet the physical requirements for plasma donation
When a newly recovered pneumonia pneumonia patient expresses a willingness to donate plasma, it is necessary to check whether he / she meets the following conditions. First, it must be no less than 3 weeks from the time when clinical symptoms appear. Second, it must meet the standards for release and discharge in the latest version of the New Coronary Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Program. Third, the age should be at least 18 years, and in principle should not exceed 55 years. , Male weight is not less than 50 kg, female is not less than 45 kg; fifth, no history of menstrual blood-transmitted diseases; sixth, those who can donate plasma after evaluation of the clinician's comprehensive patient treatment, etc .; seventh, the recovered person signs a donation After the plasma informed consent, health consultation was conducted to rule out the situation of inability to donate blood plasma and postponed blood donation.
Rehabilitation patients who meet the above conditions must undergo physical examination, blood examination and special examination before donating plasma. Physical examination includes: age, weight, blood pressure, pulse, temperature and general health. Blood tests include: ABO blood group test, hemoglobin (Hb) measurement or routine blood test, hepatitis B virus markers, hepatitis C virus markers, HIV markers, syphilis antibodies, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) tests .
The special inspection refers to: (1) the test result of a single new type of coronavirus nucleic acid is negative; (2) the qualitative test of the new coronavirus serum / plasma IgG antibody is reactive and the antibody titer meets the requirements; Screening for HNA and HLA antibodies; ⑷ Depending on the epidemiological characteristics of the area where the plasma donor is located, testing can be added as appropriate. All the above test results meet the requirements before the collected plasma can be infused into the patient. In other words, those who do not meet any of the above criteria are unsuitable for plasma donation.
Second, fully closed disposable pipeline collection to avoid cross infection
"New Crown Rehab Plasma" was collected using a fully automated apheresis machine or a fully automated blood cell separator. During the collection process, only the plasma components separated from the blood are collected, and other components in the blood (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, etc.) are separated and immediately returned to the donor.
Generally, the volume of plasma collected is 200-400 ml. The staff must strictly observe the aseptic operation procedures during the collection. The equipment used for collection must have a medical device registration certificate, which is a one-time use. During the plasma collection process, blood is circulated in a disposable sterile closed circuit, and the blood is not in contact with the outside world. Donors will not be infected during the plasma collection process.
Physiological recovery after donating plasma
Our human blood is composed of 55-60% plasma and 40-45% blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets). Plasma contains 90-92% of water and 8-10% of important components such as proteins, lipids, inorganic salts, sugars and small molecule organics. Normally 70-80% of the human body's blood participates in circulating flow, and the rest of the blood is stored in organs such as the liver and spleen.
When 200-400 ml of plasma is donated, the blood stored in the liver, spleen and other organs will be released immediately. Generally, the blood volume will be recovered within 1-2 hours after plasma donation. After human blood loss, proteins, lipids, inorganic salts, sugars, and small molecule organics are reduced, but under the body's self-regulation, there will be no adverse effects. And these ingredients can be absorbed through food and return to their original levels within 48-60 hours.
In summary, strict plasma donation conditions, physical examinations, blood tests, and fully enclosed tube collection ensure the health of plasma donors after donating plasma, and also ensure the safety of patients receiving plasma transfusions. Therefore, the donors of the recovered patients can not only treat the disease and save people without affecting their own health.
Vice President Li Jianping, deputy director of Liaoning Provincial Blood Center, chief physician, two professors, Chinese Medical Association Doctor Association of Blood Transfusion: Author
Reviewing expert: Liu Jinghan, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Chief Physician, First-level Professor of Professional Technology, Ph.D Supervisor, Chairman of the Chinese Medical Association Clinical Transfusion Branch, Chairman of the Chinese Medical Association Transfusion Physician Branch, Director of the Army's Clinical Transfusion Center