What Happens When a Bill Enacts “Emergency Declaration”? March 13 3:50
In preparation for the further spread of the new coronavirus, a bill enabling an “Emergency Declaration” is expected to be passed after a question and vote in the Upper House on August 13.
The Prime Minister designates the area and declares the governor also requests and instructions such as restrictions on use
If the bill is enacted and enforced, the "New Coronavirus Infectious Disease" will be added to the Special Measures Act on New Influenza.
The target period is "up to two years", but the Minister in charge of Economic Revival Nishimura, who is in charge, says that for the moment, one year is assumed.
And it will be possible for the Prime Minister to make an “Emergency Declaration”. It is stipulated that both conditions must be met when the spread could have a significant impact on people's lives and the economy.
In addition, procedures such as consulting the Advisory Committee, which is made up of infectious disease specialists, are necessary.
If the Prime Minister determines that an emergency declaration is necessary through these procedures, the Prime Minister will specify the period and area for urgent action and issue a declaration.
As a result, the prefectural governors in the target area will be able to request residents to cooperate in preventing infection, including self-restraint, except when necessary to maintain their lives.
In addition to requesting and giving instructions such as school closures and restrictions on the use of facilities where many people gather, such as department stores and movie theaters, if necessary, land and buildings must be prepared to provide temporary medical facilities. It can be used without the consent of the owner.
In addition, in an emergency, the carrier can request and direct the delivery of medicines and medical devices, and if necessary, expropriate medicines.
In this way, when the “Emergency Declaration” is issued, the administrative organs are given strong authority, so in consultations between the ruling and opposition parties and in deliberations of the Diet, opinions requiring careful judgment, advance reports to the Diet, Opinions were asked for approval.
Expert Council member "meaning legislation that does not need to be declared immediately"
A member of a national expert meeting and Kazuhiro Tateda, chairman of the Japanese Society for Infectious Diseases, said that a bill to enable a “declaration of emergency” is expected to be enacted in preparation for the spread of the new coronavirus. The most effective way to prevent the spread of infections is to curb human movement, and China is succeeding in containing people with strong authority to keep them out of their homes, but Japan is taking a slower approach than China. At this stage, it is possible to take countermeasures while minimizing the damage to the economy, and I don't think it is necessary to take immediate action to declare an emergency. "
In addition, "In Japan, if the outbreak has spread explosively in certain areas, such as China or Italy, it may be necessary to temporarily restrict movement to prevent the collapse of the healthcare system. I think it is worthwhile to maintain the law. "