Mohamed Abdullah - Cairo

Throughout 30 years of Egyptian rule, the late President Hosni Mubarak remained the first man in the military establishment, and the spiritual father of what was described as the deep state, which grew up in his thirty years of rule.

With Mubarak's death on Tuesday, the curtain falls on the longest-serving president of the Egyptian Republic, and the first president to be overthrown after a popular revolution, leaving behind the legacy of the deep state in which Egypt reigned and controlled its people.

Although he was ousted in a popular revolution, and stepped down from the ruling on February 11, 2011, and imprisoned, in a precedent that is the first in the history of the modern Egyptian state, and his trial in many corruption and murder cases, he came out of it "like a hair from the dough", as the Egyptians say .

Politicians who spoke to Al-Jazeera Net considered that the credit for all of this is due to the role of the deep state, which Mubarak owes credit to in various parts of the state, military, judicial, security, political, and even religious, as well as support from businessmen of different political affiliations and loyalties, which was evident in obituary statements Issued by all state institutions for the death of Mubarak.

And President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi assumed power in June 2014, as an extension of his military predecessors, the deep state remained loyal to its interests with the new ruler between the push and pull, as well as to its President Mubarak, who helped her to survive, and then helped him to survive.

And the most urgent question has become: Will Sisi belong to Mubarak’s military and deep states together? Or is the deep state still far from the domination and control of President Sisi, and therefore will remain the focus of resistance within the framework of the war of interests and not the war of governance?


Mubarak's son's men

The opposition and former Egyptian presidential candidate Ayman Nour believes that Al-Sisi's inheritance of the deep state that was expressed, represented and led by Mubarak is an idea that may seem logical, adding, "But I do not agree with this view."

Nour explained the reason in his conversation with Al-Jazeera Net that Mubarak, who was absent from life today, is the blessed person, but the Mubarak state and his family that used to take matters in the final years of his rule still exist, and some of its members still have ambitions to return to power, as there are pillars That regime, who may have been more circumventing around Mubarak Al-Saghir or Mubarak’s new project as they called it, more than they were related to Mubarak the father in his later years.

Nour, who came second in the 2005 presidential elections, says that Mubarak was deposed in February 2011 and absent in the same month, but his absence is a postponed absence 15 years ago, because in his last years of rule he was president "from their homes" where he retired in Sharm El-Sheikh And he was far from the decision-making mechanisms, and the country was being run by the president under the preparation "Gamal Mubarak", and with the help of "President" Suzan Mubarak, who was practicing all the acts of government from behind a curtain.

Nour ruled out that Sisi inherited the Mubarak state, stressing that the absence of Mubarak the father would not affect the equation of interests, and the equation of the Mubarak state or the deep state that will still exist and part of the equation, indicating that receiving people for Mubarak’s death in the manner that appeared to be in the first hours, may pay Mubarak camp and group to move more broadly in the next stage.


An extension of Mubarak's state

For her part, Sawsan Ghareeb, coordinator of the April 6 Movement in America, considered that "Sisi and the deep state are an extension of Mubarak's rule that spanned three decades, and are governed by common interests, and Sisi’s regime built upon his rule, and from which he derived his strength and survival."

A stranger, speaking to Al-Jazeera Net, pointed out that what is happening in the political arena, including arrest, imprisonment, torture, systematic killing, physical assassinations and enforced disappearance, is a continuation of Mubarak’s school in dealing with dissidents, albeit in a more brutal manner.

"And the corruption that Mubarak left behind has spread in all joints of the state, from contaminated food, carcinogenic transplantation, adulterated drugs, low services, backward education, train and ferry accidents, and other disasters are an inseparable part of what is happening now."


Reconcile interests

For his part, Secretary of the Foreign Relations Committee of the Freedom and Justice Party (Muslim Brotherhood) Mohamed Sudan said that "the military command is from Washington and not from Cairo since the October 1973 war, then after Camp David the entire Egyptian army command was transferred to the Pentagon."

In his talk to Al-Jazeera Net, Sudan considered that the issue of Sisi or others inheriting the army command is not valid, adding, "The governor himself is an employee of the White House and not of the Egyptian people. As for the deep state and its leaders, it is interests that reconcile with those who manage their affairs, accept their corruption and turn a blind eye to them and their actions." ".

He stressed that the deep state fought against President Mohamed Morsi and his establishment not in favor of the military, but rather because the government of President Morsi tried to stop their corruption and forced them to start paying their taxes and others in the interest of the state.