Laila Ali

A new research paper published on ARXIV on October 23 indicates that scientists at the Atomke Institute for Nuclear Research in Hungary have found additional evidence to support the existence of the mysterious 17X particle, which indicates a fifth core force of nature previously unknown. .

Four "fundamental forces" govern nature, including gravitational force, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear power, and weak nuclear power. They are the forces responsible for assembling and disassembling everything in the universe, and moving the largest objects in the universe to influence the tiny components within the nucleus of the atom, these forces that make our world look the way it is.

Dark matter interpretation
If the discovery is confirmed, knowing more about the 17X will not only make us better understand the forces that govern our world, but will also pave the way for the unified fifth power theory, which combines powerful and weak nuclear electromagnetic forces as "manifestations of greater and more fundamental power," he said. Theoretical physicist Jonathan Feng in 2016.

The discovery will also help scientists solve the mystery of dark matter. Researchers believe the new 17X is the particle that binds our visual world to dark matter.

Dark matter is a theoretical substance that is supposed to represent about 85% of the total mass in the universe, but is not yet recognized, as it does not interact with light in any way, and this has led in the past to many claims of the existence of a fifth core force to interpret it, which It wasn't true.

Map of Dark Matter in a Piece of Heaven (Websites)

Now, the presence of a fifth force is almost certain after the observation of activities associated with a fifth physical force, arising from the decay of the helium isotope. , Its name is due to its mass calculation at 17 MV.

Not the first time
This is not the first time that the team claims to have discovered the 17X particle. Three years ago, they saw it in the decline of the beryllium isotope, where the same team spotted an example of the same mysterious force and the particles it is believed to carry.

Attila Krasnahorkai and colleagues from the Institute for Nuclear Research in Hungary suspected something strange in 2016 after analyzing the way beryllium-8 emits light as it recedes. The team was primarily looking for "dark photons," hypothetical particles believed to "carry" dark matter.

To look at these strange forces, the team used a particle accelerator to release particles through a vacuum tube at high speeds. The goal was to observe the way that isotopes decompose after they burst into high energy states, where abnormalities in particle behavior can indicate the presence of unknown forces.

Therefore, the team closely monitored the decomposition of radioactive beryllium-8, an unstable isotope. When beryllium-8 molecules decompose, the team observed unexpected light emissions, with electrons and positrons from the unstable isotope tending to move away from each other at 140 degrees altogether. This should not happen, according to the Energy Conservation Act. The results indicated that an unknown molecule was created during the decay phase.

New unknown particle
It is believed that the moment the atom decomposes, the extra energy between its briefly formed parts creates a new unknown particle, which decomposes almost immediately into a positron and a recognizable electron pair.

Subsequent analyzes indicated that this particle was a new type of boson, whose presence could help explain dark matter and other phenomena in the universe.

A team of researchers at the University of California, Irvine, suggested that the unknown particles were not a dark photon, but a boson, specifically the boson X-protophobic, indicating a fifth fundamental force.

The bosons are molecules in quantum mechanics that carry energy, acting as a "glue" that brings matter together and controls the interactions between physical forces.

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The discovery changes our understanding of the universe
This new "boson" cannot be one of the particles carrying the four known forces (in the standard model of physics, each of the four fundamental forces has its own boson), thanks to its characteristic mass of about 33 times that of an electron. So all the evidence suggests that the boson is the carrier of a fifth new power.

The new boson has an interesting feature: it only interacts with electrons and neutrons at short distances, while electromagnetic forces act on protons and electrons.

The discovery of a fifth force of nature will completely change our understanding of the universe.If the new discovery is confirmed, physicists hope to launch what is known as the "unified field theory", which will interpret all cosmic forces in a coherent way, from the formation of galaxies to the strange nature of the quarks.