Paris (AFP)

After nearly 80 hours of intense debates, moments of emotion and some vehement remarks, vote Tuesday in the National Assembly on the vast bill bioethics with the flagship measure of the opening of the PMA to all women .

The solemn ballot at first reading on this sensitive text, the first major social reform of the five-year Macron, will take place in the early evening, after the questions to the government.

In addition to the emblematic measure of the opening of the PMA to lesbian couples and single women, the text of 32 articles provides for a delicate reform of filiation and access to origins, and addresses many complex issues such as self-preservation. oocytes or embryonic stem cell research.

In all political groups, the freedom to vote is on these topics that touch the intimate and have raised questions beyond partisan cleavages.

In addition to the elected LREM and MoDem who defend a campaign promise of Emmanuel Macron, the left-wing deputies - PS, PCF and LFI - are for the most part favorable to the extension of the PMA.

The elected representatives LR should vote for the majority against what they tirelessly denounced as a "PMA without a father", with a few favorable votes.

The IDU-Agir are divided, as Libertés and Territories, while Marine Le Pen (RN) had made known upstream that "as is", it would vote against.

After the vote of the Assembly, the text carried by the ministers Agnès Buzyn (Health), Nicole Belloubet (Justice) and Frédérique Vidal (Research) should arrive in January in the Senate. The government hopes to see the law passed "before the summer".

The "wager" of serene debates carried out by the majority was generally respected in spite of some splendid blows, as when the former LREM Agnès Thill, fierce opponent of the PMA for all, denounced a "criminal law".

But the tone was far from the climate of six years ago on marriage for all.

- A demonstration, few elected -

The extension of the PMA has been the subject of three days of heated debate. This measure should "open our eyes to what is the contemporary French family (...) which flourishes in various forms," ​​according to Agnès Buzyn.

LR elected officials tirelessly pointed to an inevitable "domino effect" towards gestational surrogacy (GPA), even though the government repeats that it remains "an absolute prohibition in France".

Highly mobilized, the right-wing elected officials also complained on several occasions of limited speaking time.

In the majority, some have pushed to the opposite to go further, like the co-rapporteur LREM Jean-Louis Touraine, who has pleaded unsuccessfully in favor of the PMA post-mortem or for automatic recognition of the parentage of children conceived by GPA abroad, subject of an amendment first adopted and then put to the vote and rejected.

Other LREMs or MoDem expressed strong reluctance, especially on the opening of the PMA to single women, a handful of them voting against the flagship article.

Outside, the pro-LDCs and the anti have mobilized, the battle on social networks going up to threats to the deputy LR pro-PMA Maxime Minot.

Tens of thousands of opponents demonstrated on October 6, waving flags "Liberty Equality Paternity", while homoparental families replicated with family photos on Twitter.

But only a handful of elected RN and LR were in the procession, many of them refusing to redo the "match" of same-sex marriage.

Like the key article, the whole text has been retouched only marginally in the hemicycle.

In particular, the deputies planned that donors will be able to know the number of children born of their donation, put an end to the use of "baby drugs", or even provide better care for children who are born "intersex".

Several deputies also revealed themselves in a very personal way during the debates: in answer to those who criticized "babies on order", an elected LREM confided in particular having resorted to the difficult course of the PMA.

© 2019 AFP