How is the Nobel Prize winner chosen?

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In a will left by Alfred Nobel, the Swedish engineer who invented dynamite, about a century and a half ago, he devoted most of his wealth to a project that offers five great awards to creators in the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, economics and literature.

Nobel stipulated that for someone to receive the prize to be of great benefit to all mankind, and to be a maximum of three people per prize, this is the result of the desire of the man to offset the negative impact of the presence of dynamite in this world.

Harsh conditions
But although the conditions set by Noble seem simple at first glance, they require the intervention of about 3,000 academics around the world - in each prize - in search of suitable people, and then receive the Nobel Committee nominations.

Each prize has a special committee of diverse orientations, mostly academic, which examines the candidates and evaluates their research work, then reduces the number of candidates, which may exceed several thousand, to only about 300 people, and then send the file of each, carefully prepared, to institutions Responsible for giving the prize, which determines the winner via the ballot.

The awards will be announced on the first Monday of October each year. The winner will be informed only several hours before the announcement, while other candidates who have not been successful in the award will not be able to know that they have been nominated until fifty years later. From the announcement of the nominated prize.

Nobel Science
In the realm of science, what Noble referred to as "a great benefit to mankind" equals that a researcher offers a very original and very careful work, which is really rare, but to understand that idea let's start by identifying what is known as the "number of citations".

If your research is unique and discreet, this will invite researchers in the same field to cite the results of your research in their research, the higher the value of your research the more the number of citations, but if the research is not valuable, fewer researchers will cite it.

The number of citations, therefore, can be seen in the scope of research, as the capital of the researcher, and whenever other scientists cite his research the wealth and thus his place in the scientific community, and everyone became confident in the degree of sobriety and strength of that research.

Since 1970, nearly 47 million scientific papers have been published. The number of cited papers has been more than 1000 times, 18,700.

Not just an award
In this very small collection of research with a large number of citations, you can find Nobel Prize nominees in science. .

Therefore, it is often possible that someone is nominated for the award because it is a small list, in fact, almost 75% of the candidates of any year have been nominated at least once before.

Nobel is the most prestigious and elegant prize in the history of science, being awarded not only means a large gold medal and about a million dollars with a diploma from the Nobel Committee, but moves from a prominent world in your domain to a global figure with political and social influence.

The Nobel laureate also receives significant facilities in grants, funding, job offers, expansion and writing in the finest journals. So the award comes every year with a great deal of controversy.